University of Aberdeen

About: University of Aberdeen is a education organization based out in Aberdeen, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Randomized controlled trial. The organization has 21174 authors who have published 49962 publications receiving 2105479 citations. The organization is also known as: Aberdeen University.

Optical remotely sensed time series data for land cover classification: A review

Abstract: Accurate land cover information is required for science, monitoring, and reporting. Land cover changes naturally over time, as well as a result of anthropogenic activities. Monitoring and mapping of land cover and land cover change in a consistent and robust manner over large areas is made possible with Earth Observation (EO) data. Land cover products satisfying a range of science and policy information needs are currently produced periodically at different spatial and temporal scales. The increased availability of EO data—particularly from the Landsat archive (and soon to be augmented with Sentinel-2 data)—coupled with improved computing and storage capacity with novel image compositing approaches, have resulted in the availability of annual, large-area, gap-free, surface reflectance data products. In turn, these data products support the development of annual land cover products that can be both informed and constrained by change detection outputs. The inclusion of time series change in the land cover mapping process provides information on class stability and informs on logical class transitions (both temporally and categorically). In this review, we present the issues and opportunities associated with generating and validating time-series informed annual, large-area, land cover products, and identify methods suited to incorporating time series information and other novel inputs for land cover characterization.

Studies of surgical outcome after patellar tendinopathy: clinical significance of methodological deficiencies and guidelines for future studies. Victorian Institute of Sport Tendon Study Group.

Abstract: Patellar tendinopathy is often treated surgically after failure of conservative treatment but clinical experience suggests that results are not uniformly excellent. The aim of this review was to (i) identify the different surgical techniques that have been reported and compare their success rates, and (ii) critically assess the methodology of studies that have reported surgical outcomes. Twenty-three papers and two abstracts were included in the review. Surgical procedures were categorized and outcomes summarized. Using ten criteria, an overall methodology score was derived for each paper. Criteria for which scores were generally low (indicating methodological deficiency) concerned the type of study, subject selection process and outcome measures. We found a negative correlation between papers’ reported success rates and overall methodology scores (r=−0.57, P<0.01). There was a positive correlation between year of publication and overall methodology score (r=0.68, P<0.001). We conclude that study methodology may influence reported surgical outcome. We suggest practical guidelines for improving study design in this area of clinical research, as improved study design would provide clinicians with a more rigorous evidence-base for treating patients who have recalcitrant patellar tendinopathy.

Contribution of copy number variants to schizophrenia from a genome-wide study of 41,321 subjects

Abstract: Copy number variants (CNVs) have been strongly implicated in the genetic etiology of schizophrenia (SCZ). However, genome-wide investigation of the contribution of CNV to risk has been hampered by limited sample sizes. We sought to address this obstacle by applying a centralized analysis pipeline to a SCZ cohort of 21,094 cases and 20,227 controls. A global enrichment of CNV burden was observed in cases (odds ratio (OR) = 1.11, P = 5.7 × 10-15), which persisted after excluding loci implicated in previous studies (OR = 1.07, P = 1.7 × 10-6). CNV burden was enriched for genes associated with synaptic function (OR = 1.68, P = 2.8 × 10-11) and neurobehavioral phenotypes in mouse (OR = 1.18, P = 7.3 × 10-5). Genome-wide significant evidence was obtained for eight loci, including 1q21.1, 2p16.3 (NRXN1), 3q29, 7q11.2, 15q13.3, distal 16p11.2, proximal 16p11.2 and 22q11.2. Suggestive support was found for eight additional candidate susceptibility and protective loci, which consisted predominantly of CNVs mediated by nonallelic homologous recombination.