Institution
University of Adelaide
Education•Adelaide, South Australia, Australia•
About: University of Adelaide is a education organization based out in Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Pregnancy. The organization has 27251 authors who have published 79167 publications receiving 2671128 citations. The organization is also known as: The University of Adelaide & Adelaide University.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors reported a measurement of the flux of cosmic rays with unprecedented precision and statistics using the Pierre Auger Observatory based on fluorescence observations in coincidence with at least one surface detector.
461 citations
TL;DR: Anodic aluminium oxide (AAO) has been investigated and utilized in numerous products for almost a century as discussed by the authors. But the rapidly increasing interest in nanoscale materials and their outstanding properties has propelled nanoporous AAO to the fore as one of the most popular nanomaterial with applications across a gamut of areas including molecular separation, catalysis, energy generation and storage, electronics and photonics, sensors and biosensors, drug delivery and template synthesis.
460 citations
University of Copenhagen1, University of Tartu2, Centre national de la recherche scientifique3, University of Southampton4, University of California, Berkeley5, American Museum of Natural History6, Saint Petersburg State University7, Murdoch University8, Kansas State University9, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research10, University of Montpellier11, University of Alaska Fairbanks12, University of Tromsø13, French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission14, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań15, University of Oslo16, University of Sussex17, Russian Academy of Sciences18, University of Adelaide19, Lund University20, University of Alberta21, Institut national de la recherche agronomique22, North-Eastern Federal University23, University of Wollongong24
TL;DR: The authors' analyses indicate that both graminoids and forbs would have featured in megafaunal diets, and question the predominance of a Late Quaternary graminoid-dominated Arctic mammoth steppe.
Abstract: Although it is generally agreed that the Arctic flora is among the youngest and least diverse on Earth, the processes that shaped it are poorly understood. Here we present 50 thousand years (kyr) of Arctic vegetation history, derived from the first large-scale ancient DNA metabarcoding study of circumpolar plant diversity. For this interval we also explore nematode diversity as a proxy for modelling vegetation cover and soil quality, and diets of herbivorous megafaunal mammals, many of which became extinct around 10 kyr bp (before present). For much of the period investigated, Arctic vegetation consisted of dry steppe-tundra dominated by forbs (non-graminoid herbaceous vascular plants). During the Last Glacial Maximum (25–15 kyr bp), diversity declined markedly, although forbs remained dominant. Much changed after 10 kyr bp, with the appearance of moist tundra dominated by woody plants and graminoids. Our analyses indicate that both graminoids and forbs would have featured in megafaunal diets. As such, our findings question the predominance of a Late Quaternary graminoid-dominated Arctic mammoth steppe.
460 citations
TL;DR: The design, production, and calibration of the IceCube digital optical module (DOM), the cable systems, computing hardware, and the methodology for drilling and deployment are described, including the online triggering and data filtering systems that select candidate neutrino and cosmic ray events for analysis.
Abstract: The IceCube Neutrino Observatory is a cubic-kilometer-scale high-energy neutrino detector built into the ice at the South Pole. Construction of IceCube, the largest neutrino detector built to date, was completed in 2011 and enabled the discovery of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos. We describe here the design, production, and calibration of the IceCube digital optical module (DOM), the cable systems, computing hardware, and our methodology for drilling and deployment. We also describe the online triggering and data filtering systems that select candidate neutrino and cosmic ray events for analysis. Due to a rigorous pre-deployment protocol, 98.4% of the DOMs in the deep ice are operating and collecting data. IceCube routinely achieves a detector uptime of 99% by emphasizing software stability and monitoring. Detector operations have been stable since construction was completed, and the detector is expected to operate at least until the end of the next decade.
457 citations
University of New South Wales1, University of Adelaide2, Centre national de la recherche scientifique3, Spanish National Research Council4, University of Alabama at Birmingham5, University of Auckland6, University of Alabama7, University of North Carolina at Wilmington8, Charles Darwin University9, UPRRP College of Natural Sciences10, University of Oldenburg11, University of Haifa12, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich13, Argonne National Laboratory14, University of Chicago15, University of California, San Diego16, Stony Brook University17, Leibniz Institute of Marine Sciences18, Australian Institute of Marine Science19
TL;DR: It is shown that sponges are a reservoir of exceptional microbial diversity and major contributors to the total microbial diversity of the world's oceans, and a model of independent assembly and evolution in symbiont communities across the entire host phylum is supported.
Abstract: Sponges (phylum Porifera) are early-diverging metazoa renowned for establishing complex microbial symbioses. Here we present a global Porifera microbiome survey, set out to establish the ecological and evolutionary drivers of these host-microbe interactions. We show that sponges are a reservoir of exceptional microbial diversity and major contributors to the total microbial diversity of the world's oceans. Little commonality in species composition or structure is evident across the phylum, although symbiont communities are characterized by specialists and generalists rather than opportunists. Core sponge microbiomes are stable and characterized by generalist symbionts exhibiting amensal and/or commensal interactions. Symbionts that are phylogenetically unique to sponges do not disproportionally contribute to the core microbiome, and host phylogeny impacts complexity rather than composition of the symbiont community. Our findings support a model of independent assembly and evolution in symbiont communities across the entire host phylum, with convergent forces resulting in analogous community organization and interactions.
456 citations
Authors
Showing all 27579 results
| Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
|---|---|---|---|
| Martin White | 196 | 2038 | 232387 |
| Nicholas G. Martin | 192 | 1770 | 161952 |
| David W. Johnson | 160 | 2714 | 140778 |
| Nicholas J. Talley | 158 | 1571 | 90197 |
| Mark E. Cooper | 158 | 1463 | 124887 |
| Xiang Zhang | 154 | 1733 | 117576 |
| John E. Morley | 154 | 1377 | 97021 |
| Howard I. Scher | 151 | 944 | 101737 |
| Christopher M. Dobson | 150 | 1008 | 105475 |
| A. Artamonov | 150 | 1858 | 119791 |
| Timothy P. Hughes | 145 | 831 | 91357 |
| Christopher Hill | 144 | 1562 | 128098 |
| Shi-Zhang Qiao | 142 | 523 | 80888 |
| Paul Jackson | 141 | 1372 | 93464 |
| H. A. Neal | 141 | 1903 | 115480 |