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Institution

University of Alabama at Birmingham

EducationBirmingham, Alabama, United States
About: University of Alabama at Birmingham is a education organization based out in Birmingham, Alabama, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 38523 authors who have published 86775 publications receiving 3930642 citations. The organization is also known as: UAB & The University of Alabama at Birmingham.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that acyclovir is currently the treatment of choice for biopsy-proved herpes simplex encephalitis and patients under 30 years of age and with a Glasgow coma score above 10 had the best outcome with acy Clovir treatment.
Abstract: We randomly assigned 208 patients who underwent brain biopsy for presumptive herpes simplex encephalitis to receive either vidarabine (15 mg per kilogram of body weight per day) or acyclovir (30 mg per kilogram per day) for 10 days. Sixty-nine patients (33 percent) had biopsy-proved disease; 37 received vidarabine, and 32 acyclovir. The mortality in the vidarabine recipients was 54 percent, as compared with 28 percent in the acyclovir recipients (P = 0.008). Six-month mortality varied according to the Glasgow coma score at the onset of therapy. For scores of greater than 10, 7 to 10, and less than or equal to 6, mortality was 42, 46, and 67 percent in the patients treated with vidarabine, as compared with 0, 25, and 25 percent in those treated with acyclovir. A six-month morbidity assessment using an adapted scoring system revealed that 5 of 37 patients receiving vidarabine (14 percent) as compared with 12 of 32 receiving acyclovir (38 percent) were functioning normally (P = 0.021). Eight vidarabine-treated patients (22 percent) and three acyclovir-treated patients (9 percent) had moderate debility. Patients under 30 years of age and with a Glasgow coma score above 10 had the best outcome with acyclovir treatment. We conclude that acyclovir is currently the treatment of choice for biopsy-proved herpes simplex encephalitis.

772 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The bacterial community composition of ten digestive tract sites from more than 200 normal adults enrolled in the Human Microbiome Project is described, and metagenomically determined metabolic potentials of four representative sites are determined.
Abstract: Background: To understand the relationship between our bacterial microbiome and health, it is essential to define the microbiome in the absence of disease. The digestive tract includes diverse habitats and hosts the human body’s greatest bacterial density. We describe the bacterial community composition of ten digestive tract sites from more than 200 normal adults enrolled in the Human Microbiome Project, and metagenomically determined metabolic potentials of four representative sites. Results: The microbiota of these diverse habitats formed four groups based on similar community compositions: buccal mucosa, keratinized gingiva, hard palate; saliva, tongue, tonsils, throat; sub- and supra-gingival plaques; and stool. Phyla initially identified from environmental samples were detected throughout this population, primarily TM7, SR1, and Synergistetes. Genera with pathogenic members were well-represented among this disease-free cohort. Tooth-associated communities were distinct, but not entirely dissimilar, from other oral surfaces. The Porphyromonadaceae, Veillonellaceae and Lachnospiraceae families were common to all sites, but the distributions of their genera varied significantly. Most metabolic processes were distributed widely throughout the digestive tract microbiota, with variations in metagenomic abundance between body habitats. These included shifts in sugar transporter types between the supragingival plaque, other oral surfaces, and stool; hydrogen and hydrogen sulfide production were also differentially distributed. Conclusions: The microbiomes of ten digestive tract sites separated into four types based on composition. A core set of metabolic pathways was present across these diverse digestive tract habitats. These data provide a critical baseline for future studies investigating local and systemic diseases affecting human health.

771 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
14 May 2004-Cell
TL;DR: BBS5, a novel gene for Bardet-Biedl syndrome is identified and it is shown that this novel protein localizes to basal bodies in mouse and C. elegans, is under the regulatory control of daf-19, and is necessary for the generation of both cilia and flagella.

771 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Among patients with osteoporosis who were at high risk for fracture, bone mineral density increased more in patients receiving teriparatide than in those receiving alendronate.
Abstract: Background Bisphosphonate therapy is the current standard of care for the prevention and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Studies of anabolic therapy in patients who are receiving long-term glucocorticoids and are at high risk for fracture are lacking. Methods In an 18-month randomized, double-blind, controlled trial, we compared teriparatide with alendronate in 428 women and men with osteoporosis (ages, 22 to 89 years) who had received glucocorticoids for at least 3 months (prednisone equivalent, 5 mg daily or more). A total of 214 patients received 20 μg of teriparatide once daily, and 214 received 10 mg of alendronate once daily. The primary outcome was the change in bone mineral density at the lumbar spine. Secondary outcomes included changes in bone mineral density at the total hip and in markers of bone turnover, the time to changes in bone mineral density, the incidence of fractures, and safety. Results At the last measurement, the mean (±SE) bone mineral density at the lumbar spin...

770 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The anemia of hemodialysis patients is corrected by rHuEpo resulting in the elimination of transfusions, reduction in iron overload, and improved quality of life.
Abstract: Study Objective:To determine the effectiveness and safety of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEpo). Patients:Hemodialysis patients (333) with uncomplicated anemia (hematocrit < 0.30). ...

768 citations


Authors

Showing all 38940 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Rudolf Jaenisch206606178436
Joel Schwartz1831149109985
Tadamitsu Kishimoto1811067130860
Jasvinder A. Singh1762382223370
Gregg L. Semenza168502130316
David R. Jacobs1651262113892
Hua Zhang1631503116769
David R. Holmes1611624114187
David Cella1561258106402
Elaine S. Jaffe156828112412
Michael A. Matthay15199898687
Lawrence Corey14677378105
Barton F. Haynes14491179014
Douglas D. Richman14263382806
Kjell Fuxe142147989846
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023168
2022530
20215,327
20205,028
20194,402
20184,083