Showing papers by "University of Alabama published in 1979"
TL;DR: An analysis of failure to control locally recurrent or metastatic melanoma was used to substantiate the value of thickness as a guide to surgical management and the rationale of elective RND isImproved survival in patients with intermediate thickness lesions while it is justifiable as a staging procedure for lesions exceeding 4.0 mm thickness.
Abstract: An analysis of failure to control locally recurrent or metastatic melanoma was used to substantiate the value of thickness as a guide to surgical management. There were no local recurrences in patients with melanomas less than 0.76 mm in thickness, regardless of the skin margins excised. The three year actuarial incidence of subsequent regional metastases in patients initially treated by wide local excision (WLE) of their melanoma was directly correlated with tumor thickness (p = 4.0 mm in thickness. At five years, patients with melanomas of 1.50 to 3.99 mm thickness who had WLE plus elective regional node dissection (RND) had a calculated 15% incidence of distant metastases and an actuarial survival rate of 83%, while patients with melanomas of the same thickness who had WLE alone as their initial surgical treatment had a 78% incidence of distant metastases and a 37% survival rate (p = 0.001 and 0.01, respectively). In patients with melanomas exceeding 4.0 mm in thickness, the potential benefits of RND were less apparent because of a high risk (>70%) of distant metastases at the time of initial diagnosis. Based upon this analysis, our initial surgical management of melanomas <0.76 is a WLE using a 2.0 cm margin of skin, while thicker lesions are excised using a 3 to 5 cm skin margin. Elective RND is not indicated for lesion <0.76 mm in thickness, but it is considered for 0.76 to 1.50 mm lesions in selected patients and is employed for virtually all patients with lesions exceeding 1.5 mm in thickness. The rationale of elective RND is improved survival in patients with intermediate thickness lesions (0.76 to 3.99 mm) while it is justifiable as a staging procedure for lesions exceeding 4.0 mm thickness. Cancer 43:883–888, 1979.
323 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a differential association model of unethical behavior was utilized to predict unethical behavior among marketing practitioners, and the data were collected through a systematic random sample of 280 marketing managers selected from the 1975 American Marketing Association roster.
Abstract: A differential association model of unethical behavior was utilized to predict unethical behavior among marketing practitioners. The data were collected through a systematic random sample of 280 marketing managers selected from the 1975 American Marketing Association roster. Newstrom and Ruch 's 17-item ethics scale was used to develop six types of predictors of unethical behavior, "What I do, " among marketers. These six types of variables included (1) the marketer's beliefs, "What I believe"; (2) what the marketer thought his peers believed, "Peer beliefs"; (3) what the marketer thought top management believed, "What top management believes"; (4) what the marketer thought his peers did, "What my peers do"; (5) the opportunity the marketer thought his peers had to become involved in un-ethical behavior, "Opportunity for peers"; and finally (6) the opportunity the marketer himself had to become involved in unethical behavior, "Individual opportunity." In the case of these marketing practitioners, their pe...
256 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the peptide F-met-leu-phe was used to induce superoxide anion (O2-) and chemiluminescence in a concentration-dependent fashion.
252 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of optimal medical therapy on coronary arterial anatomy was evaluated in 25 patients with unstable angina pectoris, and the authors concluded that the distribution and severity of coronary lesions are similar in patients with stable and unstable Angina Pectoris.
Abstract: The effect of optimal medical therapy on coronary arterial anatomy was evaluated in 25 patients with unstable angina pectoris. Coronary arterial diameter and the extent of stenosis were exactly quantified in two successive coronary angiograms performed in each patient at approximately a 1 year interval (range 4 to 31 months, average 12.4 months). The measuring device was a vernier caliper with an accuracy of 0.05 mm. After 1 year of medical treatment 69 stenoses of the three major coronary branches showed no significant change: The average degree of area obstruction of 27 stenoses of the right coronary artery was 79 and 84 percent in the initial and second studies, respectively; that of 26 stenoses of the left anterior descending artery 78 and 77 percent, respectively, and that of 16 stenoses of the left circumflex artery 73 and 83 percent, respectively. In 11 patients, 14 stenoses showed a distinct progression of more than 20 percent area obstruction. All six stenoses showing more than 90 percent obstruction in the first angiogram progressed to complete obstruction within 1 year. In five other patients area obstruction in five stenoses regressed by more than 20 percent. The anatomy of vessel segments distal to obstructions remained unchanged within 1 year. It is concluded from these quantitative measurements that the distribution and severity of coronary lesions are similar in patients with stable and unstable angina pectoris. Coronary anatomy showed no significant change after 1 year of medical treatment. The rate of progression was substantially lower than previously reported in patients with stable angina pectoris.
227 citations
TL;DR: Patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma Stages IIIB and IVA were randomly assigned to treatment with hydroxyurea or placebo in combination with radiation, and response was significantly better in the groups of patients receiving hydroxyUREa.
Abstract: In a prospective study by the Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG), 104 evaluable patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma Stages IIIB and IVA were randomly assigned to treatment with hydroxyurea or placebo in combination with radiation. There were no deaths resulting from the treatment. Hematologic toxicity was more common and more severe in patients who received hydroxyurea. Response was evaluated in terms of complete tumor regression, duration of progression-free interval and survival probability. By all those parameters the response was significantly better in the groups of patients receiving hydroxyurea.
211 citations
TL;DR: The rate of IHD in dialysis women was greater than it was in nondialysis subjects, and coronary artery disease only affected long-term survival of patients with preexisting disease; and autopsy data did not suggest accelerated atherosclerosis.
208 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a survey of spin, rotation, and quantum effects in gravitation is surveyed, with particular emphasis on the gravitational two-body interaction, both for elementary particles and for macroscopic bodies.
Abstract: Previous work on spin, rotation, and quantum effects in gravitation is surveyed, with particular emphasis on the gravitational two-body interaction, both for elementary particles and for macroscopic bodies. Applications considered include (a) the precession of a gyroscope, (b) rotational effects on the equations of motion for the orbit, (c) binary systems, particularly the binary pulsar PSR 1913+16, and (d) the prospects of measuring spin-orbit and spin-spin forces in the laboratory. In addition, we discuss quantum effects that arise in the interaction between elementary particles. In particular, we point out the potentially decisive role of these forces in high-density matter, with emphasis on the fact that repulsive forces arise that may prevent gravitational collapse. All of the above considerations are within the framework of Einstein's theory of general relativity, albeit extended to treat spin-dependent and quantum forces. Finally, we consider the additional quantum terms that are present if one works with a generalization of Einstein's theory, the Einstein-Cartan-Sciama-Kibble theory of gravitation, in which the spin of matter, as well as its mass, plays a dynamical role.
133 citations
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that, in patients with acute infarction, glucose-insulin-potassium infusion does not adversely alter hemodynamics, reduces free fatty acids, diminishes frequency of ventricular arrhythmias, but has no demonstrable effect on infarct size as assessed with creatine kinase isoenzyme values.
Abstract: Fifty consecutive patients admitted within 12 hours of the onset of symptoms of acute myocardial infarction were randomly assigned to treatment with intravenous glucose-insulin-potassium infusion (23 patients) or to a control group (0.5 N sodium chloride infusion) (27 patients). The glucose-insulin-potassium infusion consisted of 30 g glucose, 50 U regular insulin and 80 mEq KCl per liter infused at 1.5 ml/kg per hour for 2 days. Serial measurements were made of pulmonary arterial end-diastolic pressure, cardiac index, daily fluid intake and output, serum glucose, potassium, urea nitrogen, free fatty acids, osmolarity, creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme and cardiac rhythm. Although all patients admitted comatose died (three glucose-insulin-potassium recipients, one control subject), hospital mortality in patients admitted noncomatose was 0 percent (0 of 20) in glucose-insulin-potassium recipients versus 12 percent (3 of 26) in the control group (three deaths secondary to late pump failure). Glucose-insulin-potassium recipients experienced 4.9 ± 1.3 hours of three or more premature ventricular complexes/min compared with 11.1 ± 1.9 hours for control subjects (P These data demonstrate that, in patients with acute infarction, glucose-insulin-potassium infusion (1) does not adversely alter hemodynamics, (2) reduces free fatty acids, (3) diminishes frequency of ventricular arrhythmias, but (4) has no demonstrable effect on infarct size as assessed with creatine kinase isoenzyme values. In this ongoing randomized clinical trial, the number of patients studied is too small to permit definite conclusions to be reached regarding the effect of glucose-insulin-potassium infusion on hospital survival.
124 citations
TL;DR: The presence of Tinel's sign and objective sensory loss in the territory of any of the terminal branches of the posterior tibial nerve are diagnostically helpful in patients with TTS.
Abstract: Tarsal tunnel syndrome (TTS) is a rare compression neuropathy of the posterior tibial nerve. Typical symptoms are burning pain and paresthesia in the toes and along the sole of the foot. The presence of Tinel's sign and objective sensory loss in the territory of any of the terminal branches of the posterior tibial nerve are diagnostically helpful. The terminal latency and sensory nerve conduction velocity in medial and lateral plantar nerves were studied in 20 normal controls and 21 cases of TTS in 17 patients. Prolonged terminal latency was observed in 11 cases, with TTS, while sensory nerve conduction abnormality (either absent nerve potential or slow sensory nerve conduction velocity) was found in 19. The sensory nerve conduction velocity in the lateral and medial plantar nerves is a superior objective diagnostic index of TTS.
123 citations
TL;DR: In 6 patients, 5 of whom had situs ambiguous, the unroofed coronary sinus was associated with complex congenital heart disease, and in 5 there was a L(contralateral) SVC, three of these 6 patients died.
119 citations
TL;DR: Studies of ganglionic neurons, cultured sympathetic ganglion cells, and the PC 12 cell culture line have raised questions regarding the use of BuTX as a nicotinic receptor ligand in the CNS.
TL;DR: In this paper, a factorial experiment was conducted to measure self-reported self-reports of fear and autonomic activity, including heart rate, skin conductance, and a self-report measure of fear.
TL;DR: Osteoblasts were investigated by two methods, electrical conductance and dye injection, indicating high conductance pathways between the two cells.
Abstract: Osteoblasts were investigated by two methods, electrical conductance and dye injection. Current injection into one cell caused a change in the recorded transmembrane potential of a second cell, indicating high conductance pathways between the two cells. Dyes injected into a single osteoblast were transmitted to numerous surrounding cells.
TL;DR: In this article, the impact of organization structure on perceptions of role conflict and ambiguity was examined within a multivariate framework and found that substantial portions of variation in role conflict was explained by structure.
Abstract: The impact of organization structure on perceptions of role conflict and ambiguity was examined within a multivariate framework and found to explain substantial portions of variation in both role p...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors assess the comparative influences of perceived role conflict and role ambiguity on psychological investments in work roles (organizational commitment and job involvement) and on work-related psychosomatic illness.
TL;DR: In this article, a two-dimensional planar MHD model of solar atmospheric transient events is used to simulate the flare-associated events of August 21, 1973, observed in H-alpha, He II 304 A, soft X-ray, and coronal white light, provided sufficient information for an assessment to be made of the model's ability to simulate major features of an actual solar event.
Abstract: A two-dimensional planar MHD model of solar atmospheric transient events is used to simulate the flare-associated events of August 21, 1973. This event, observed in H-alpha, He II 304 A, soft X-ray, and coronal white light, provided sufficient information (especially in the latter diagnostic) for an assessment to be made of the model's ability to simulate major features of an actual solar event. It was found that a thermodynamic input pulse based on data provided by the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center-Aerospace Corporation X-ray telescope (S-056) on Skylab was sufficient to produce the global geometry, shock and contact-surface velocities, excess mass contours, and energy budget which were, for the most part, observed by the High Altitude Observatory white-light coronagraph (S-052) on Skylab in the form of a forerunner and coronal transient.
TL;DR: Surgical experience since 1975 in 39 patients confirms the idea that primary repair is feasible in small infants, and the highest risk of hospital death is when the operation is done in the early months of life; it falls to 17% by age 12 months.
TL;DR: Prediction of postrepair PRV/LV when transannular patching or an external conduit is planned allows identification of patients in whom right and left pulmonary arteries are too small for safe complete repair, and in them an initial palliative operation should be done to enlarge the arteries.
TL;DR: Analysis of glycopeptides from various influenza A strains representative of all human antigenic subtypes grown in a single host cell type, MDCK cells, revealed that the oligosaccharide types associated with HA polypeptides also depend on the virus strain.
TL;DR: The fine structure of the normal internodal pathways was studied in 1 human and 2 canine hearts and correlated with histologic observations on more than 100 human and 10 canine hearts to consider the possible influence of these factors on clinical electrocardiographic changes.
Abstract: The fine structure of the normal internodal pathways was studied in 1 human and 2 canine hearts and correlated with histologic observations on more than 100 human and 10 canine hearts. From the electron microscopic studies six different kinds of myocardial cells were classified from two locations: the Eustachian ridge (posterior internodal pathway) and the Bachmann bundle (anterior internodal pathway). Five of the six kinds of cells (working myocardial cells, Purkinje-like cells, either broad or slender transitional cells and P cells, all previously described) were present in both locations. A sixth cell, pleomorphic and dark in appearance, with a special intertwined relation to P cells, is newly designated as an ameboid cell. It was found solely in the Eustachian ridge. In the same area a rare direct contact between a nerve and a myocardial cell was observed. The importance of these different kinds of cells, their respective cell connections, and their topographic locations inside the internodal pathways are discussed relative to certain functions such as rapid conduction and subsidiary pacemaking. The possible influence of these factors on clinical electrocardiographic changes is considered.
TL;DR: No statistically significant changes were observed in any of the measured nerve conduction velocities in the diabetic patients, but it was found that the ingestion of the high-myo-inositol diet resulted in a statistically significant increase in the median sensory.
Abstract: The effect of variations in dietary myo-inositol intake upon plasma myo-inositol concentrations, urinary myo-inositol excretion, motor nerve conduction velocities in the median and peroneal nerves, and sensory nerve conduction velocities in the median and sural nerves was studied in six nondiabetic subjects and in twenty patients with symptomatic distal symmetrical diabetic polyneuropathy. Diets were developed which provided either a low, a normal, or a high intake of myo-inositol. In control subjects, the low-myo-inositol diet was found to decrease, while the high-myo-inositol diet increased both the preprandial plasma myo-inositol concentrations and the daily urinary excretion of myo-inositol. These diets had little effect upon measured nerve function in the control subjects, although the high-myo-inositol diet appeared to slightly reduce the median sensory nerve conduction velocity in this group. In the neuropathic diabetics, the low- and high-myo-inositol diets were found to have similar effects upon the plasma myo-inositol concentrations and urinary myo-inositol excretion, but did not affect the plasma glucose concentrations. When analyzed by groups, no statistically significant changes were observed in any of the measured nerve conduction velocities in the diabetic patients. However, when the change in nerve conduction velocity was analyzed, it was found that the ingestion of the high-myo-inositol diet resulted in a statistically significant increase in the median sensory (+1.92 m/sec, p
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reported striking non-Franck-Condon vibrational intensity distributions associated with the shape resonance in the photoionization channel of CO, which confirmed the recent theoretical prediction that shape resonances will couple significantly with vibrational motion, leading to different resonance energies and profiles.
Abstract: We report striking non-Franck-Condon vibrational intensity distributions associated with the shape resonance in the $5\ensuremath{\sigma}$ photoionization channel of CO. This example confirms the recent theoretical prediction that shape resonances will couple significantly with vibrational motion, leading to different resonance energies and profiles, and non-Franck-Condon intensities in alternative vibrational channels. Analogous effects are expected in connection with the widespread occurrence of shape resonances in both innershell and outershell molecular photoionization spectra.
TL;DR: Collagen fraction isolated following limited pepsin digestion and purified by DEAE- and carboxymethyl-cellulose chromatography in native form is interpreted to indicate that lens capsule basement membrane collagen molecules collectively contain at least two genetically distinct collagen chains.
TL;DR: Calculations using Alfieri and colleagues’ equation indicate that the enlargement of right pulmonary artery and left pulmonary artery was sufficient to predict significantly lower right ventricular peak pressure after intracardiac repair than would have been measured after the initial catheterization.
TL;DR: Evidence is obtained that gpI is the primary viral gene product which may be converted into gpII by proteolytic cleavage, and that cleavage of gpI into gp II is essential for maximal viral infectivity.
TL;DR: The rhodium cluster complex, Rh6(CO)16, has been found to catalyze the homogeneous reduction of nitrobenzene to aniline at temperatures above 80 °C in the presence of N,N-dimenthylbenzylamine, using any one of the following reducing gases: (1) H 2/CO, (2) H2, (3) CO/H2O).
TL;DR: The effects of heating, on an aqueous gramicidin A lysolecithin system, were examined by carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance, circular dichroism (CD), and sodium-23nuclear magnetic resonance (23Na-NMR), and the results are collectively interpreted to indicate micellar-packaging of gramicids channels and cation occupancy in the channel.
TL;DR: It was revealed that thiopentone is faster in onset than midazolam for induction of anaesthesia, with less variation of dose response, and maintenance of anaesthetic was superior with midazlam, requiring fewer supplemental anaesthetic drugs, having better patient acceptance and providing more amnesia.
Abstract: Midazolam is a short-acting water soluble benzodiazepine derivative. It is a hypnotic used for intravenous anaesthesia induction. The present investigation was designed in a prospective double-blind fashion to compare midazolam with thiopentone as hypnotic components in balanced anaesthesia. The study included 50 healthy patients undergoing relatively short surgical procedures. The results revealed that thiopentone is faster in onset than midazolam for induction of anaesthesia, with less variation of dose response. However, maintenance of anaesthesia was superior with midazolam, requiring fewer supplemental anaesthetic drugs, having better patient acceptance and providing more amnesia. Postoperative complications were very low with both techniques. Midazolam was surprisingly similar to thiopentone in most parameters including emergence time from anaesthesia. Midazolam is a new drug with potential both for induction of anaesthesia and maintenance of balanced anaesthesia.
TL;DR: Concentrations of verapamil that do not produce high grade heart block in the normal heart thus readily cause both high grade block and prolonged ventricular standstill after elimination of adrenergic influences in the A-V junction.
Abstract: The effect of verapamil on automaticity and conduction in the atrioventricular (A-V) junctional region was studied in anesthetized dogs. In five normal dogs verapamil, 10 μg/ml, was selectively perfused into the A-V nodal artery and caused first degree heart block, which progressed to second degree heart block in three of the five. Higher concentrations of verapamil, 25 μg/ml, caused complete heart block in three of five other dogs, but no episodes of asystole (defined as a ventricular pause of 10 or more seconds). In six other dogs after beta receptor blockade with propranolol, 20 μg/ml, perfused into the A-V nodal artery, verapamil, 10 μg/ml, regularly caused second degree heart block; in four of the six dogs there was a transient episode of third degree A-V block, and in two of these there was a period of asystole. In each of the 10 dogs pretreated with reserpine, verapamil, 10 μg/ml, caused third degree A-V block; in seven of these there was a period of asystole with ventricular standstill up to 30 seconds. Concentrations of verapamil that do not produce high grade heart block in the normal heart thus readily cause both high grade block and prolonged ventricular standstill after elimination of adrenergic influences in the A-V junction.
TL;DR: In this paper, the basic components contained in a coal liquefaction product obtained from the Wilsonville, Alabama coal-liquefaction pilot plant were examined by means of capillary-column Chromatographic-mass spectroscopy.