University of Alabama

About: University of Alabama is a education organization based out in Tuscaloosa, Alabama, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 27323 authors who have published 48609 publications receiving 1565337 citations. The organization is also known as: Alabama & Bama.

X-ray diffraction evidence for aromatic π hydrogen bonding to water

Abstract: THEinteraction of water with aromatic moieties is of importance in biological systems, as most encounter an aqueous environment during their normal functions. For example, common constituents of globular proteins such as phenylalanine, tryptophan and tyrosine possess aromatic side-chains1 that may encounter water molecules inside the protein structure2. As a model for hydrogen-bonding interactions with aromatics, we have performed X-ray diffraction studies on crystalline Na4[calix[4]arene sulphonate].13.5H2O. Calixarene molecules3,4contain hydrophobic cavities comprised of aromatic groups, rimmed, in the case of the water-soluble sulphonates (R = -SO3Na), by hydrophilic groups5,6. In the absence of a hydrophobic guest, the cavity invariably contains a water molecule. The low-temperature X-ray crystal structure of this compound (see Table 1 and Fig. 1) shows direct evidence for hydrogen bonding between water and the aromatic π electrons in the solid state.

Breast cancer screening and diagnosis: Clinical practice guidelines in oncology™

Abstract: The intent of these guidelines is to give health care providers a practical, consistent framework for screening and evaluating a spectrum of breast lesions. Clinical judgment should always be an important component of optimal management. If the physical breast examination, radiologic imaging, and pathologic findings are not concordant, the clinician should carefully reconsider the assessment of the patient's problem. Incorporating the patient into the health care team's decision-making empowers the patient to determine the level of breast cancer risk that is personally acceptable in the screening or follow-up recommendations.

The relation of narcissism and self-esteem to conduct problems in children: a preliminary investigation.

Abstract: Investigated several possible models to explain the seemingly discrepant relations between self-esteem and conduct problems, as both low self-esteem and exaggerated levels of self-esteem, thought to be captured by narcissism, have been associated with aggressive and antisocial behavior. Our sample consisted of 98 nonreferred children (mean age = 11.9 years; SD = 1.68 years) recruited from public schools to oversample children at risk for severe aggressive and antisocial behavior. Results indicated that certain aspects of narcissism (i.e., those indicating a need to be evaluated well by, and obtain status over, others) were particularly predictive of maladaptive characteristics and outcomes such as low self-esteem, callous-unemotional (CU) traits, and conduct problems. In addition, the relation between narcissism and conduct problems was moderated by self-esteem level, such that children with relatively high levels of narcissism and low self-esteem showed the highest rates of conduct-problem symptoms.

The Post-merger Performance Puzzle

Abstract: While the bulk of the research on the financial performance of mergers and acquisitions has focused on stock returns around the merger announcement, a surprisingly, large set of papers has also examined long-run stock returns following acquisitions. We review this literature, concluding that long-run performance is negative following mergers, though performance is non-negative (and perhaps even positive) following tender offers. However, the effects of both methodology (see Lyon, Barber & Tsai, 1999) and chance (see Fama, 1998) may modify this conclusion. Two explanations of under performance (speed of price-adjustment and EPS myopia) are not supported by the data, while two other explanations (method of payment and performance extrapolation) receive greater support.

Software development cost estimation using function points

Abstract: This paper presents an assessment of several published statistical regression models that relate software development effort to software size measured in function points. The principal concern with published models has to do with the number of observations upon which the models were based and inattention to the assumptions inherent in regression analysis. The research describes appropriate statistical procedures in the context of a case study based on function point data for 104 software development projects and discusses limitations of the resulting model in estimating development effort. The paper also focuses on a problem with the current method for measuring function points that constrains the effective use of function points in regression models and suggests a modification to the approach that should enhance the accuracy of prediction models based on function points in the future. >