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Institution

University of Alabama

EducationTuscaloosa, Alabama, United States
About: University of Alabama is a education organization based out in Tuscaloosa, Alabama, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 27323 authors who have published 48609 publications receiving 1565337 citations. The organization is also known as: Alabama & Bama.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Children exposed to lower levels of physical punishment showed decreases in CU traits over time, whereas higher levels of child-reported parental warmth and involvement predicted decreases in both CU traits and antisocial behavior over time.
Abstract: Callous and unemotional (CU) traits have been linked to severe antisocial behavior in youth, but studies examining the etiology of CU traits are lacking. Based on prior research, it was hypothesized that childhood anxiety and parenting practices would interact to predict changes in CU traits over time. Hypotheses were tested using a sample of 120 moderate to highly aggressive fifth graders followed over a 1-year period. Although CU traits displayed moderate temporal stability and predicted increases in antisocial behavior, evidence suggested that these features were not immutable. Children exposed to lower levels of physical punishment showed decreases in CU traits over time, whereas higher levels of child-reported parental warmth and involvement predicted decreases in both CU traits and antisocial behavior over time. Lower levels of anxiety were uniquely related to increased CU traits for children who described their primary caregiver as exhibiting low warmth and involvement.

279 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Carl D. Langefeld, Hannah C. Ainsworth, Deborah S. Cunninghame Graham1, Jennifer A. Kelly2, Mary E. Comeau, Miranda C. Marion, Timothy D. Howard, Paula S. Ramos, Jennifer A. Croker3, David L. Morris1, Johanna K. Sandling, Jonas Carlsson Almlöf, Eduardo Acevedo-Vásquez4, Graciela S. Alarcón5, Alejandra Babini, Vicente Baca6, Anders A. Bengtsson7, Guillermo A. Berbotto, Marc Bijl, Elizabeth E. Brown5, Hermine I. Brunner8, Mario H. Cardiel, Luis J. Catoggio9, Ricard Cervera, Jorge M. Cucho-Venegas4, Solbritt Rantapää Dahlqvist10, Sandra D'Alfonso11, Berta Martins da Silva, Iñigo de la Rúa Figueroa, Andrea Doria12, Jeffrey C. Edberg3, Emőke Endreffy13, Jorge A. Esquivel-Valerio14, Paul R. Fortin15, Barry I. Freedman, Johan Frostegård16, Mercedes A. García, Ignacio García-De La Torre17, Gary S. Gilkeson18, Dafna D. Gladman, Iva Gunnarsson19, Joel M. Guthridge2, Jennifer Huggins8, Judith A. James, Cees G. M. Kallenberg20, Diane L. Kamen21, David R. Karp22, David R. Karp23, Kenneth M. Kaufman8, Leah C. Kottyan8, László Kovács13, Helle Laustrup24, Helle Laustrup25, Bernard Lauwerys26, Quan Zhen Li22, Quan Zhen Li23, Marco A. Maradiaga-Ceceña, Javier Martín, Joseph M. McCune27, David R. McWilliams, Joan T. Merrill2, Pedro Miranda, José Francisco Moctezuma28, Swapan K. Nath2, Timothy B. Niewold29, Lorena Orozco, Norberto Ortego-Centeno, Michelle Petri30, Christian A. Pineau31, Bernardo A. Pons-Estel, Janet E. Pope32, Prithvi Raj23, Prithvi Raj22, Rosalind Ramsey-Goldman33, John D. Reveille34, John D. Reveille35, John D. Reveille36, Laurie P Russell, José Mario Sabio, Carlos A. Aguilar-Salinas, Hugo R. Scherbarth, Raffaella Scorza37, Michael F. Seldin, Christopher Sjöwall38, Elisabet Svenungsson19, Susan D. Thompson8, Sergio Toloza, Lennart Truedsson7, Lennart Truedsson16, Teresa Tusié-Luna39, Carlos Vasconcelos40, Luis M. Vilá41, Luis M. Vilá34, Daniel J. Wallace42, Michael H. Weisman42, Joan E. Wither, Tushar Bhangale43, Jorge R. Oksenberg, John D. Rioux44, Peter K. Gregersen45, Ann-Christine Syvänen, Lars Rönnblom, Lindsey A. Criswell46, Chaim O. Jacob47, Kathy L. Sivils2, Betty P. Tsao18, Laura E. Schanberg48, Timothy W. Behrens43, Earl D. Silverman, Marta E. Alarcón-Riquelme, Robert P. Kimberly3, John B. Harley8, Edward K. Wakeland22, Edward K. Wakeland23, Robert R. Graham43, Patrick M. Gaffney2, Timothy J. Vyse1 
King's College London1, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation2, University of Pittsburgh3, National University of San Marcos4, University of Alabama5, Mexican Social Security Institute6, Lund University7, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center8, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires9, Umeå University10, University of Eastern Piedmont11, University of Padua12, University of Szeged13, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León14, Laval University15, Karolinska Institutet16, University of Guadalajara17, University of South Carolina18, Karolinska University Hospital19, University Medical Center Groningen20, Medical University of South Carolina21, Stanford University22, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center23, Odense University24, Odense University Hospital25, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc26, University of Michigan27, Hospital General de México28, Mayo Clinic29, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine30, McGill University31, University of Western Ontario32, Northwestern University33, Hofstra University34, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston35, University of Texas at Austin36, University of Milan37, Linköping University38, National Autonomous University of Mexico39, University of Porto40, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus41, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center42, Genentech43, Montreal Heart Institute44, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research45, University of California, San Francisco46, University of Southern California47, Duke University48
TL;DR: A large transancestral association study of SLE using Immunochip genotype data from 27,574 individuals of European, African and Hispanic Amerindian ancestry identifies both ancestry-dependent and ancestry-independent contributions to SLE risk.
Abstract: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with marked gender and ethnic disparities. We report a large transancestral association study of SLE using Immunochip genotype data from 27,574 individuals of European (EA), African (AA) and Hispanic Amerindian (HA) ancestry. We identify 58 distinct non-HLA regions in EA, 9 in AA and 16 in HA (∼50% of these regions have multiple independent associations); these include 24 novel SLE regions (P<5 × 10-8), refined association signals in established regions, extended associations to additional ancestries, and a disentangled complex HLA multigenic effect. The risk allele count (genetic load) exhibits an accelerating pattern of SLE risk, leading us to posit a cumulative hit hypothesis for autoimmune disease. Comparing results across the three ancestries identifies both ancestry-dependent and ancestry-independent contributions to SLE risk. Our results are consistent with the unique and complex histories of the populations sampled, and collectively help clarify the genetic architecture and ethnic disparities in SLE.

279 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors highlight the recent use of ionic liquids (ILs) as solvents that have provided some new opportunities to efficiently convert lignin and Lignin model compounds into value-added aromatic chemicals.
Abstract: Lignin, one of the three subcomponents of lignocellulosic biomass (along with cellulose and hemicellulose), represents more than 20% of the total mass of the Earth’s biosphere. However, essentially due to its complex structure, this renewable polymer derived from biomass is mainly burned as a source of energy in the pulp and paper industry. Today, the valorization of lignin into the production of chemical feedstocks represents a real challenge in terms of both sustainability and environmental protection. This review first briefly outlines the main points of this challenge and compares the different methods investigated by chemists over the past several decades, pointing out the major difficulties met. Next, the review highlights the recent use of ionic liquids (ILs) as solvents that have provided some new opportunities to efficiently convert lignin and lignin model compounds into value-added aromatic chemicals. Particular focus is given to these new strategies in terms of selectivity, separation and the u...

279 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors employ U.S. data over a 30-year sample period to test the relationship between macroeconomic conditions and capital structure adjustment speed using both two-stage and integrated partial adjustment dynamic capital structure models.
Abstract: Studies show that capital structure choice varies over time and across firms and that macroeconomic conditions are important factors in analyzing firms' financing choices. However, studies have largely ignored the impact of macroeconomic conditions on the adjustment speed of capital structure toward targets. Hackbarth et al. (2006) develop a contingent model for analyzing the impact of macroeconomic conditions on dynamic capital structure choice. Allowing for dynamic capital structure adjustments, their model predicts that firms should adjust their capital structure faster in booms than in recessions. We employ U.S. data over a 30 year sample period to test the relationship between macroeconomic conditions and capital structure adjustment speed using both two-stage and integrated partial adjustment dynamic capital structure models. We find evidence supporting the prediction from Hackbarth et al's theoretical framework that firms adjust to target leverage faster in good states than in bad states, where states are defined by term spread, default spread, GDP growth rate, and market dividend yield. Our results also support the pecking order theory in that under-levered firms adjust faster than firms that are over-levered. We find evidence favoring the market timing theory implication that under-levered firms have less incentive to adjust toward target leverage when stock market performance is good, as measured by dividend yield on the market and price-output ratio. Robustness tests demonstrate that our speed of capital structure adjustment cannot be simply explained by firm size, the degree of deviation from target, or by the definition of debt ratio. Our results are also robust to potential boundary issues.

279 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that the analysis of individual accessibility can no longer ignore the complexities and opportunities brought forth by these changes and propose new possibilities for modeling individual accessibility and their implications for geographical analysis in the twenty-first century.
Abstract: Analytical methods for evaluating accessibility have been based on a spatial logic through which the impedance of distance shapes mobility and urban form through processes of locational and travel decision making. These methods are not suitable for understanding individual experiences because of recent changes in the processes underlying contemporary urbanism and the increasing importance of information and communications technologies (ICTs) in people's daily lives. In this paper we argue that analysis of individual accessibility can no longer ignore the complexities and opportunities brought forth by these changes. Further, we argue that the effect of distance on the spatial structure of contemporary cities and human spatial behavior has become much more complicated than what has been conceived in conventional urban models and concepts of accessibility. We suggest that the methods and measures formulated around the mid-twentieth century are becoming increasingly inadequate for grappling with the complex relationships among urban form, mobility, and individual accessibility. We consider some new possibilities for modeling individual accessibility and their implications for geographical analysis in the twenty-first century.

278 citations


Authors

Showing all 27508 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Jasvinder A. Singh1762382223370
Hongfang Liu1662356156290
Ian J. Deary1661795114161
Yongsun Kim1562588145619
Dong-Chul Son138137098686
Simon C. Watkins13595068358
Kenichi Hatakeyama1341731102438
Conor Henderson133138788725
Peter R Hobson133159094257
Tulika Bose132128588895
Helen F Heath132118589466
James Rohlf131121589436
Panos A Razis130128790704
David B. Allison12983669697
Eduardo Marbán12957949586
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202372
2022357
20212,703
20202,759
20192,602
20182,411