University of Alabama

About: University of Alabama is a education organization based out in Tuscaloosa, Alabama, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 27323 authors who have published 48609 publications receiving 1565337 citations. The organization is also known as: Alabama & Bama.

Physicians' Internet Information-Seeking Behaviors

Abstract: Introduction: Our understanding about the role of the Internet as a resource for physicians has improved in the past several years with reports of patterns for use and measures of impact on medical practice. The purpose of this study was to begin to shape a theory base for more fully describing physicians' information-seeking behaviors as they apply to Internet use and applications for continuing education providers to more effectively support learning. Methods: A survey about Internet use and physician information seeking was administered by facsimile transmission to a random sample of 3,347physicians. Results: Almost all physicians have access to the Internet, and most believe it is important for patient care. The most frequent use is in accessing the latest research on specific topics, new information in a disease area, and information related to a specific patient problem. Critical to seeking clinical information is the credibility of the source, followed by relevance, unlimited access, speed, and ease of use. Electronic media are viewed as increasingly important sources for clinical information, with decreased use of journals and local continuing medical education (CME). Barriers to finding needed information include too much information, lack of specific information, and navigation or searching dificulties. Discussion: The Internet has become an important force in how physicians deliver care. Understanding more about physician information-seeking needs, behaviors, and uses is critical to CME providers to support a self-directed curriculum for each physician. A shift to increased use of electronic CME options points to new demands for users and providers. Speciji'c information about how physicians create a question and search for resources is an area that requires providers to develop new skills.

Childhood abuse history, secondary traumatic stress, and child welfare workers

Abstract: Social workers are exposed to trauma vicariously through the trauma of their clients. This phenomenon, called secondary traumatic stress, vicarious traumatization, or compassion fatigue, presents a risk of negative personal psychological consequences. Based on a sample of 166 child welfare workers and using standardized measures, the study findings document the link between a personal history of primary trauma, childhood abuse or neglect, and the heightened risk for secondary traumatic stress in child welfare workers.

Mass Media Effects Research : Advances Through Meta-Analysis

Abstract: Contents: Preface. J. Bryant, R.G. Cummins, Traditions of Mass Media Theory and Research. M. Allen, R.W. Preiss, Media, Messages, and Meta-Analysis. M. Allen, M.K. Casey, Wherefore Art Thou Mass Media Theory? W. Wanta, S. Ghanem, Effects of Agenda Setting. D.R. Roskos-Ewoldsen, M.R. Klinger, B. Roskos-Ewoldsen, Media Priming: A Meta-Analysis. B. Paul, M.B. Salwen, M. Dupagne, The Third-Person Effect: A Meta-Analysis of the Perceptual Hypothesis. D. D'Alessio, M. Allen, The Selective Exposure Hypothesis and Media Choice Processes. R. Abelman, C.A. Lin, D.J. Atkin, Meta-Analysis of Television's Impact on Special Populations. R.I. Nabi, "And Miles to Go...": Reflections on the Past and Future of Mass Media Effects Research. P.N. Christensen, W. Wood, Effects of Media Violence on Viewers' Aggression in Unconstrained Social Interaction. R. Desmond, R. Carveth, The Effects of Advertising on Children and Adolescents: A Meta-Analysis. N. Mundorf, M. Allen, D. D'Alessio, T. Emmers-Sommer, Effects of Sexually Explicit Media. P. Oppliger, Effects of Gender Stereotyping on Socialization. C.A. Hoffner, K.J. Levine, Enjoyment of Mediated Horror and Violence: A Meta-Analysis. J.L. Sherry, Violent Video Games and Aggression: Why Can't We Find Effects? M. Allen, J. Herrett-Skjellum, J. Jorgenson, M.R. Kramer, D.J. Ryan, L. Timmerman, Effects of Music. M-L. Mares, E.H. Woodard, Positive Effects of Television on Children's Social Interaction: A Meta-Analysis. E. Schiappa, M. Allen, P.B. Gregg, Parasocial Relationships and Television: A Meta-Analysis of the Effects. T-S. Lim, S.Y. Kim, Many Faces of Media Effects. L.B. Snyder, Meta-Analyses of Mediated Health Campaigns. L.M. Parcell, J. Kwon, D. Miron, J. Bryant, An Analysis of Media Health Campaigns for Children and Adolescents: Do They Work? M.K. Casey, M. Allen, T. Emmers-Sommer, E. Sahlstein, D. DeGooyer, A.M. Winters, A.E. Wagner, T. Dun, The Impact of Earvin "Magic" Johnson's HIV-Positive Announcement. B.A. Hollander, Media Use and Political Involvement. D. Miron, J. Bryant, Mass Media and Voter Turnout. J. Shanahan, C. Glynn, A. Hayes, The Spiral of Silence: A Meta-Analysis and Its Impact. D. D'Alessio, M. Allen, On the Role of Newspaper Ownership on Bias in Presidential Campaign Coverage by Newspapers. M. Pfau, What's in a Meta-Analysis. E. Perse, Meta-Analysis: Demonstrating the Power of Mass Communication. M. Allen, R.G. Preiss, N. Burrell, The Challenge of Media Effects for Teaching and Policy.

Treatment Response of Adolescent Offenders With Psychopathy Features A 2-Year Follow-Up

Abstract: This study examines the treatment response of 141 juvenile offenders with high scores on the Psychopathy Checklist:Youth Version (M total > 27). Two groups of potentially psychopathic offenders are compared: one that participates in the Mendota Juvenile Treatment Center (MJTC), an intensive treatment program (MJTC, n = 56), and another that receives “treatment as usual” in conventional juvenile correctional institution (JCI) settings (JCI, n = 85). Offenders in the JCI group are more than twice as likely to violently recidivate in the community during a 2-year follow-up than those who participate in MJTC treatment. Treatment is associated with relatively slower and lower rates of serious recidivism, even after controlling for the effects of nonrandom assignment to treatment groups and release status. Implications for further research, treatment development, and juvenile justice issues are discussed.