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Institution

University of Alcalá

EducationAlcalá de Henares, Spain
About: University of Alcalá is a education organization based out in Alcalá de Henares, Spain. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Receptor. The organization has 10795 authors who have published 20718 publications receiving 410089 citations. The organization is also known as: University of Alcala & University of Alcala de Henares.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The involvement of CB2-mediated signalling in the in vivo and in vitro growth inhibition of prostate cancer cells is defined and suggests that CB2 agonists have potential therapeutic interest and deserve to be explored in the management of prostate cancers.
Abstract: We have previously shown that cannabinoids induce growth inhibition and apoptosis in prostate cancer PC-3 cells, which express high levels of cannabinoid receptor types 1 and 2 (CB1 and CB2). In this study, we investigated the role of CB2 receptor in the anti-proliferative action of cannabinoids and the signal transduction triggered by receptor ligation. The human prostate cancer cell lines, namely PC-3, DU-145 and LNCaP, were used for this study. Cell proliferation was measured using MTT proliferation assay, [3H]-thymidine incorporation assay and cell-cycle study by flow cytometry. Ceramide quantification was performed using the DAG kinase method. The CB2 receptor was silenced with specific small interfering RNA, and was blocked pharmacologically with SR 144528. In vivo studies were conducted by the induction of prostate xenograft tumours in nude mice. We found that the anandamide analogue, R(+)-Methanandamide (MET), as well as JWH-015, a synthetic CB2 agonist, exerted anti-proliferative effects in PC-3 cells. R(+)-Methanandamide- and JWH-015-induced cell death was rescued by treatment with the CB2 receptor antagonist, SR 144528. Downregulation of CB2 expression reversed the effects of JWH-015, confirming the involvement of CB2 in the pro-apoptotic effect of cannabinoids. Further analysing the mechanism of JWH-015-induced cell growth inhibition, we found that JWH-015 triggered a de novo synthesis of ceramide, which was involved in cannabinoid-induced cell death, insofar as blocking ceramide synthesis with Fumonisin B1 reduced cell death. Signalling pathways activated by JWH-015 included JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) activation and Akt inhibition. In vivo treatment with JWH-015 caused a significant reduction in tumour growth in mice. This study defines the involvement of CB2-mediated signalling in the in vivo and in vitro growth inhibition of prostate cancer cells and suggests that CB2 agonists have potential therapeutic interest and deserve to be explored in the management of prostate cancer.

98 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors report on the Herschel/PACS observations of OH in Mrk 231, with detections in nine doublets observed within the PACS range, and present radiative-transfer models for the outflowing OH.
Abstract: We report on the Herschel/PACS observations of OH in Mrk 231, with detections in nine doublets observed within the PACS range, and present radiative-transfer models for the outflowing OH. Clear signatures of outflowing gas are found in up to six OH doublets with different excitation requirements. At least two outflowing components are identified, one with OH radiatively excited, and the other with low excitation, presumably spatially extended and roughly spherical. Particularly prominent, the blue wing of the absorption detected in the in-ladder (2)Pi(3/2) J = 9/2-7/2 OH doublet at 65 mu m, with E-lower = 290 K, indicates that the excited outflowing gas is generated in a compact and warm (circum) nuclear region. Because the excited, outflowing OH gas in Mrk 231 is associated with the warm, far-infrared continuum source, it is most likely more compact (diameter of similar to 200-300 pc) than that probed by CO and HCN. Nevertheless, its mass-outflow rate per unit of solid angle as inferred from OH is similar to that previously derived from CO, greater than or similar to 70 x (2.5 x 10(-6)/X-OH) M-circle dot yr(-1) sr(-1), where X-OH is the OH abundance relative to H nuclei. In spherical symmetry, this would correspond to greater than or similar to 850 x (2.5 x 10(-6)/X-OH) M-circle dot yr(-1), though significant collimation is inferred from the line profiles. The momentum flux of the excited component attains similar to 15 L-AGN/c, with an OH column density of (1.5-3) x 10(17) cm(-2) and a mechanical luminosity of similar to 10(11) L-circle dot. In addition, the detection of very excited, radiatively pumped OH peaking at central velocities indicates the presence of a nuclear reservoir of gas rich in OH, plausibly the 130 pc scale circumnuclear torus previously detected in OH megamaser emission, that may be feeding the outflow. An exceptional (OH)-O-18 enhancement, with OH/(OH)-O-18 less than or similar to 30 at both central and blueshifted velocities, is most likely the result of interstellar-medium processing by recent starburst and supernova activity within the circumnuclear torus or thick disk.

98 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A study of the transformation products identified by liquid chromatography in combination with time-of-flight mass spectrometry was carried out, which permitted a tentative degradation pathway to be proposed and several persistent by-products to be identified at both pH 3 and 8.

98 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Results show that the Henares River basin in central Spain is clearly influenced by wastewater discharges and also by its proximity to agricultural areas, and the spatial distribution of the contaminants indicates that the studied contaminants persist along the river.

98 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a wide range of methods to estimate foliar water content (FWC, g/cm2), canopy water content, fuel moisture content (FMC), and interrelated variables were assessed using multitemporal Airborne Visible Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) data.

98 citations


Authors

Showing all 10907 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
José Luis Zamorano105695133396
Jesús F. San Miguel9752744918
Sebastián F. Sánchez9662932496
Javier P. Gisbert9599033726
Luis M. Ruilope9484197778
Luis M. Garcia-Segura8848427077
Alberto Orfao8559737670
Amadeo R. Fernández-Alba8331821458
Rafael Luque8069328395
Francisco Rodríguez7974824992
Andrea Negri7924235311
Rafael Cantón7857529702
David J. Grignon7830123119
Christophe Baudouin7455322068
Josep M. Argilés7331019675
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
20251
20243
202375
2022166
20211,660
20201,532