Institution
University of Arizona
Education•Tucson, Arizona, United States•
About: University of Arizona is a education organization based out in Tucson, Arizona, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Galaxy. The organization has 63805 authors who have published 155998 publications receiving 6854915 citations. The organization is also known as: UA & U of A.
Topics: Population, Galaxy, Stars, Redshift, Star formation
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
••
University of Miami1, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science2, Veterans Health Administration3, United States Department of Veterans Affairs4, University of Missouri–Kansas City5, American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists6, American Diabetes Association7, Texas A&M University8, University of Missouri9, University of Arizona10, Washington University in St. Louis11, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai12, University of Pittsburgh13
TL;DR: A task force was assembled by the ADA to address and concisely summarize recent literature in this area and then recommend what should be included in the comprehensive foot exam for adult patients with diabetes.
Abstract: It is now 10 years since the last technical review on preventative foot care was published (1), which was followed by an American Diabetes Association (ADA) position statement on preventive foot care in diabetes (2). Many studies have been published proposing a range of tests that might usefully identify patients at risk of foot ulceration, creating confusion among practitioners as to which screening tests should be adopted in clinical practice. A task force was therefore assembled by the ADA to address and concisely summarize recent literature in this area and then recommend what should be included in the comprehensive foot exam for adult patients with diabetes. The committee was cochaired by the immediate past and current chairs of the ADA Foot Care Interest Group (A.J.M.B. and D.G.A.), with other panel members representing primary care, orthopedic and vascular surgery, physical therapy, podiatric medicine and surgery, and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists.
The lifetime risk of a person with diabetes developing a foot ulcer may be as high as 25%, whereas the annual incidence of foot ulcers is ∼2% (3–7). Up to 50% of older patients with type 2 diabetes have one or more risk factors for foot ulceration (3,6). A number of component causes, most importantly peripheral neuropathy, interact to complete the causal pathway to foot ulceration (1,3–5). A list of the principal contributory factors that might result in foot ulcer development is provided in Table 1.
View this table:
Table 1—
Risk factors for foot ulcers
The most common triad of causes that interact and ultimately result in ulceration has been identified as neuropathy, deformity, and trauma (5). As identification of those patients at risk of foot problems is the first step in preventing such complications, this report will focus on key components of the …
737 citations
••
California Institute of Technology1, National Radio Astronomy Observatory2, Max Planck Society3, University of Cambridge4, University of Massachusetts Amherst5, University of California, Los Angeles6, Princeton University7, University of Maryland, College Park8, Leiden University9, University of Toledo10, University of Wyoming11, Stony Brook University12, University of Arizona13, INAF14, Tianjin Normal University15, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris16
TL;DR: In this paper, free-free emission measured in the Ka band (26-40 GHz) for 10 star-forming regions in the nearby galaxy NGC 6946, including its starbursting nucleus, was compared with a number of star formation rate (SFR) diagnostics that are typically considered to be unaffected by interstellar extinction.
Abstract: Using free-free emission measured in the Ka band (26-40 GHz) for 10 star-forming regions in the nearby galaxy NGC 6946, including its starbursting nucleus, we compare a number of star formation rate (SFR) diagnostics that are typically considered to be unaffected by interstellar extinction. These diagnostics include non-thermal radio (i.e., 1.4 GHz), total infrared (IR; 8-1000 μm), and warm dust (i.e., 24 μm) emission, along with hybrid indicators that attempt to account for obscured and unobscured emission from star-forming regions including Hα + 24 μm and UV + IR measurements. The assumption is made that the 33 GHz free-free emission provides the most accurate measure of the current SFR. Among the extranuclear star-forming regions, the 24 μm, Hα + 24 μm, and UV + IR SFR calibrations are in good agreement with the 33 GHz free-free SFRs. However, each of the SFR calibrations relying on some form of dust emission overestimates the nuclear SFR by a factor of ~2 relative to the 33 GHz free-free SFR. This is more likely the result of excess dust heating through an accumulation of non-ionizing stars associated with an extended episode of star formation in the nucleus rather than increased competition for ionizing photons by dust. SFR calibrations using the non-thermal radio continuum yield values which only agree with the 33 GHz free-free SFRs for the nucleus and underestimate the SFRs from the extranuclear star-forming regions by an average factor of ~2 and ~4-5 before and after subtracting local background emission, respectively. This result likely arises from the cosmic-ray (CR) electrons decaying within the starburst region with negligible escape, whereas the transient nature of star formation in the young extranuclear star-forming complexes allows for CR electrons to diffuse significantly further than dust-heating photons, resulting in an underestimate of the true SFR. Finally, we find that the SFRs estimated using the total 33 GHz flux density appear to agree well with those estimated using free-free emission due to the large thermal fractions present at these frequencies even when local diffuse backgrounds are not removed. Thus, rest-frame 33 GHz observations may act as a reliable method to measure the SFRs of galaxies at increasingly high redshift without the need of ancillary radio data to account for the non-thermal emission.
737 citations
•
01 May 1990TL;DR: This book discusses the development of working relationships in Scientific Research Collaborations, the role of technology in this work, and experiences with technology for Cooperative Work.
Abstract: Contents: J. Galegher, R.E. Kraut, Technology for Intellectual Teamwork: Perspectives on Research and Design. Part I:Basic Social Processes. J.E. McGrath, Time Matters in Groups. B.A. Gutek, Work Group Structure and Information Technology: A Structural Contingency Approach. J.J. Gabarro, The Development of Working Relationships. R.M. Krauss, S.R. Fussell, Mutual Knowledge and Communicative Effectiveness. Part II:Field Studies of Collaborative Work. R.E. Kraut, C. Egido, J. Galegher, Patterns of Contact and Communication in Scientific Research Collaborations. D.G. Ancona, D.F. Caldwell, Information Technology and Work Groups: The Case of New Product Teams. E. Hutchins, The Technology of Team Navigation. A.V. Cicourel, The Integration of Distributed Knowledge in Collaborative Medical Diagnosis. Part III:Experiences With Technology for Cooperative Work. T.K. Bikson, J.D. Eveland, The Interplay of Work Group Structures and Computer Support. T. Finholt, L. Sproull, S. Kiesler, Communication and Performance in ad hoc Task Groups. R.E. Rice, D.E. Shook, Voice Messaging, Coordination, and Communication. C. Egido, Teleconferencing as a Technology to Support Cooperative Work: Its Possibilities and Limitations. K.L. Kraemer, A. Pinsonneault, Technology and Groups: Assessments of the Empirical Research. Part IV:Technology for Cooperative Work. G.P. Landow, Hypertext and Collaborative Work: The Example of Intermedia. G.M. Olson, D.E. Atkins, Supporting Collaboration With Advanced Multimedia Electronic Mail: The NSF EXPRES Project. F. Lakin, Visual Languages for Cooperation: A Performing Medium Approach to Systems for Cooperative Work. M. Abel, Experiences in an Exploratory Distributed Organization. D.R. Vogel, J.F. Nunamaker, Design and Assessment of a Group Decision Support System.
736 citations
••
University of Tasmania1, University of California, Santa Barbara2, University of São Paulo3, University of Cape Town4, South Dakota State University5, Columbia University6, Menzies Research Institute7, University of California, Los Angeles8, United States Geological Survey9, University of California, Berkeley10, Monash University11, University of Florida12, Arizona State University13, Southern Methodist University14, Royal Holloway, University of London15, National University of Singapore16, University of Arizona17
TL;DR: An historical framework is provided to promote understanding of the development and diversification of fire regimes, covering the pre-human period, human domestication of fire, and the subsequent transition from subsistence agriculture to industrial economies.
Abstract: Humans and their ancestors are unique in being a fire-making species, but ‘natural’ (i.e. independent of humans) fires have an ancient, geological history on Earth. Natural fires have influenced biological evolution and global biogeochemical cycles, making fire integral to the functioning of some biomes. Globally, debate rages about the impact on ecosystems of prehistoric human-set fires, with views ranging from catastrophic to negligible. Understanding of the diversity of human fire regimes on Earth in the past, present and future remains rudimentary. It remains uncertain how humans have caused a departure from ‘natural’ background levels that vary with climate change. Available evidence shows that modern humans can increase or decrease background levels of natural fire activity by clearing forests, promoting grazing, dispersing plants, altering ignition patterns and actively suppressing fires, thereby causing substantial ecosystem changes and loss of biodiversity. Some of these contemporary fire regimes cause substantial economic disruptions owing to the destruction of infrastructure, degradation of ecosystem services, loss of life, and smoke-related health effects. These episodic disasters help frame negative public attitudes towards landscape fires, despite the need for burning to sustain some ecosystems. Greenhouse gas-induced warming and changes in the hydrological cycle may increase the occurrence of large, severe fires, with potentially significant feedbacks to the Earth system. Improved understanding of human fire regimes demands: (1) better data on past and current human influences on fire regimes to enable global comparative analyses, (2) a greater understanding of different cultural traditions of landscape burning and their positive and negative social, economic and ecological effects, and (3) more realistic representations of anthropogenic fire in global vegetation and climate change models. We provide an historical framework to promote understanding of the development and diversification of fire regimes, covering the pre-human period, human domestication of fire, and the subsequent transition from subsistence agriculture to industrial economies. All of these phases still occur on Earth, providing opportunities for comparative research.
735 citations
••
TL;DR: In this article, a two-stage scheme is presented to study structural perturbations of the sine-Gordon equation, which is based upon the inverse scattering transform, detailed knowledge of this technical apparatus is not necessary in order to effect the calculations.
Abstract: A two-stage scheme is presented to study structural perturbations of the sine-Gordon equation. Although the method is based upon the inverse scattering transform, detailed knowledge of this technical apparatus is not necessary in order to effect the calculations. In the first stage, slow modulations of speeds and positions for the soliton components are computed. The radiation resulting from the acceleration of the solitons is then calculated as a first-order correction through an easily constructed radiative Green's function. The method is exemplified by using it to study several outstanding problems that arise in applications of the Josephson transmission line. In particular we consider: (i) the pinning of flux quanta by microshorts, (ii) the quantum flux shuttle, (iii) annihilation conditions for fluxon-antifluxon collisions, (iv) breather decay, and (v) radiation from a moving fluxon.
735 citations
Authors
Showing all 64388 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Simon D. M. White | 189 | 795 | 231645 |
Julie E. Buring | 186 | 950 | 132967 |
David H. Weinberg | 183 | 700 | 171424 |
Richard Peto | 183 | 683 | 231434 |
Xiaohui Fan | 183 | 878 | 168522 |
Dennis S. Charney | 179 | 802 | 122408 |
Daniel J. Eisenstein | 179 | 672 | 151720 |
David Haussler | 172 | 488 | 224960 |
Carlos S. Frenk | 165 | 799 | 140345 |
Jian-Kang Zhu | 161 | 550 | 105551 |
Tobin J. Marks | 159 | 1621 | 111604 |
Todd Adams | 154 | 1866 | 143110 |
Jane A. Cauley | 151 | 914 | 99933 |
Wei Zheng | 151 | 1929 | 120209 |
Daniel L. Schacter | 149 | 592 | 90148 |