Showing papers by "University of Arkansas published in 1973"
TL;DR: Application of the technology to infertility, as "insurance" for men undergoing vasectomy, and as a method for improving genetic characteristics are discussed, and commercial banks with regulated standards and a clarified policy of no guarantee of fertility were endorsed.
207 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a relationship between the degree of coordinative unsaturation and the set of elementary reactions involving hydrogen and simple alkenes which may occur at a particular reaction site on the surface of a transition metal oxide is proposed.
92 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that the Kullback measure, unlike the Shannon measure, provides the basis for a consistent theory of information which extends to continuous sample spaces and to nonconstant prior distributions.
Abstract: Two widely used information measures are compared. It is shown that the Kullback measure, unlike the Shannon measure, provides the basis for a consistent theory of information which extends to continuous sample spaces and to nonconstant prior distributions. It is shown that the Kullback measure is a generalization of the Shannon measure, and that the Kullback measure has more reasonable additivity properties than does the Shannon measure. The results lend support to Jaynes's entropy maximization procedure.
91 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a theoretical investigation of the reaction mechanisms in eight different three-body hydrogen-halogen reactions has been accomplished by means of Monte Carlo averages over classical trajectories computed on reasonable semi-empirical potential energy surfaces.
Abstract: A theoretical investigation of the reaction mechanisms in eight different three‐body hydrogen‐halogen reactions has been accomplished by means of Monte Carlo averages over classical trajectories computed on reasonable semiempirical potential‐energy surfaces. Two of the surfaces employed contain a single adjustable parameter characteristic of a halogen core charge while six others result from unadjusted computations. The analysis shows that dynamic effects resulting from momentum transfer require the reactions M2+X=MX+M (M=H,D, or T; X=Br or I) to proceed through excited vibrational states of M2. Reaction of the ground vibrational state is dynamically forbidden in each case. Reaction rate coefficients, associated activation energies, pre‐exponential factors, and kinetic isotope effects calculated from rotationally averaged reaction cross sections are in reasonable agreement with experiment. The computations further suggest an origin for the isotope effect that is significantly different from that derived f...
80 citations
TL;DR: Direct evidence is given that gene 32 product is required for both T4 DNA replication and genetic recombination and that, in vivo, this protein is also essential for the UV repair mechanism.
Abstract: A temperature-sensitive mutation in gene 32 was used to study the role of gene 32 protein in the repair of UV-damaged DNA of bacteriophage T4. It was possible to distinguish between repair and replication of DNA at 33 C. At this temperature, DNA replication continued, and the intracellular DNA was stable. In contrast, no significant repair of UV-damaged DNA was observed even 40 min after the irradiation. Therefore, it was concluded that the defect in the repair mechanism at this temperature is not a simple consequence of the defect in DNA replication but that gene 32 apparently has an independent role for DNA repair. It was reported previously that gene 32 product is required for both T4 DNA replication and genetic recombination. In addition to these findings, this study has given direct evidence that, in vivo, this protein is also essential for the UV repair mechanism.
70 citations
TL;DR: The administration of exogenous human growth hormone failed to produce an acute metabolic response as measured by mineral retention, nitrogen retention, somatomedin generation, or release of free fatty acid from adipose tissue; however, an unsustained growth response to long-term administration of human growth hormones was observed.
53 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a branch and bound technique is used to identify the global minimum extreme point of a convex polyhedron and a linear undrestimator for the constrained concave objective function is developed.
Abstract: A general algorithm is developed for minimizing a well defined concave function over a convex polyhedron. The algorithm is basically a branch and bound technique which utilizes a special cutting plane procedure to' identify the global minimum extreme point of the convex polyhedron. The indicated cutting plane method is based on Glover's general theory for constructing legitimate cuts to identify certain points in a given convex polyhedron. It is shown that the crux of the algorithm is the development of a linear undrestimator for the constrained concave objective function. Applications of the algorithm to the fixed-charge problem, the separable concave programming problem, the quadratic problem, and the 0-1 mixed integer problem are discussed. Computer results for the fixed-charge problem are also presented.
46 citations
TL;DR: Chicks fed experimental diets showed a significant reduction in weight gain and feed efficiency when molded corn that had been incubated for 4, 6 and 8 weeks was fed and percent dry matter digestibility was reduced by chicks fed the molded corn diets.
46 citations
45 citations
TL;DR: The Nodamura virus is classified as an unusual kind of arbovirus because it is resistant to ether and its property is reminiscent of acute bee-paralysis virus, and its effect on the honey-bee is examined and its pathogenicity for the wax moth is tested.
Abstract: NODAMURA virus, which was originally isolated from mosquitoes from Nodamura, near Tokyo, multiplies in several insect and tick species, apparently without causing symptoms. It is transmissible to suckling mice by infected Aedes aegypti, and is fatal1. In Japan young pigs have been found with antibodies to the Nodamura virus, which has been classified as an unusual kind of arbovirus because it is resistant to ether2. This property, together wjth other features of the virus particles3 are reminiscent of acute bee-paralysis virus4 and we therefore examined its effect on the honey-bee, Apis mellifera. We also tested its pathogenicity for the wax moth, Galleria mellonella.
44 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a counterexample to the conjecture of Joreskog concerning sufficiency conditions for uniqueness of a restricted factor matrix is presented, and a substitute condition is proved for the most common situation where the restricted elements are specified to be zero.
Abstract: A counterexample is produced to a conjecture by K. G. Joreskog concerning sufficiency conditions for uniqueness of a restricted factor matrix. A substitute condition is stated and proved for the most common situation where the restricted elements are specified to be zero.
TL;DR: Four tiers of cages were built and no significant differences were found for 8-week live body weights among the floor and cage reared broilers although the cage rearing broilers were heavier than those grown on the floor.
TL;DR: The thalamus is a more prominent target of limbic connections than heretofore realized and its effects on thalamic perceptive mechanisms as well as effects on the hypothalamus must be considered.
Abstract: Degeneration density and topography in the thalamus of the squirrel monkey was studied following lesions in the septal area, fornix, and cingulate gyrus. It was found that the hippocampus projects more fibers to the anteroventral nucleus of the thalamus and the cingulate gyrus projects fewer fibers to it than does the septal area. The septal fibers to the anteromedial nucleus were more marked than were its projections to the anteroventral nucleus. The hippocampus and cingulate gyrus did not show this preferential projection. The thalamus is a more prominent target of limbic connections than heretofore realized. They appear to quantitatively rival known limbic-hypothalamic pathways. Therefore, in order to understand the total influence of the limbic system on cerebral function, one must consider its effects on thalamic perceptive mechanisms as well as effects on the hypothalamus.
TL;DR: The indications for digitalis are congestive heart failure and arrhythmias, and use of the drug in heart failure should be based on the principles that ‘optimum’ doses may not be maximum tolerated doses and that a small dose does improve cardiac performance.
Abstract: Digitalis glycosides remain the principal drug utilised in the management of congestive heart failure and cardiac arrhythmias.
TL;DR: In this paper, the distribution of stress within Carboniferous-age rock of northwestern Arkansas has been determined from dynamic analysis of calcite twin lamellae in gently deformed limestone.
Abstract: Distribution of stress within Carboniferous-age rock of northwestern Arkansas has been determined from dynamic analysis of calcite twin lamellae in gently deformed limestone. In the southern part of the area, compression axes are essentially normal to mapped east-trending fold axes that define the northern limits of the Ouachita orogeny. Farther north where this folding has not been recognized, a similar stress field is preserved in limestone. This relation shows that favorably oriented calcite crystals will twin very early under stress conditions that are insufficient to produce discernible fold forms.
TL;DR: In this paper, the structure of cis-1,4-ditertiary butylcyclohexane (DTBC) was investigated by combined electron diffraction, conformational and vibrational analyses.
TL;DR: Pronounced formation of paramural bodies and subsequent abnormal cell wall protrusions were induced in bean leaves in early stages of infection by bean pod mottle virus.
TL;DR: Increased urinary volume without change in glomerular filtration rate does not increase excretion of digoxin, and would not be expected to decrease the duration of digitalis toxicity.
Abstract: The effect of chronically increased urinary volumes on renal digoxin excretion and digoxin turnover was studied in 2 patients with nephritogenic diabetes insipidus and urinary volumes in excess of 9 liters/ 24 hours. The serum half-lives were 48 and 54 hours and the 7 day urinary excretion totals 46 and 41 percent, respectively. Comparison with values obtained in patients with congestive heart failure demonstrated no increase in excretion of renal digoxin. Increased urinary volume without change in glomerular filtration rate does not increase excretion of digoxin, and would not be expected to decrease the duration of digitalis toxicity.
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of gossypol-induced olive yolk discoloration was investigated with commercial egg production-type hens to determine the effectiveness of iron-salts in reducing or eliminating the yolks' olive color.
TL;DR: In this study, steam scalding was more effective (although not statistically significant) than conventional hot water scalded in reducing the number of chicken carcasses contaminated with Salmonella.
Abstract: This study was made to compare the effectiveness of two methods of scalding in reducing Salmonella surface contamination on carcasses of broilers processed under commercial conditions. The number of chickens contaminated with Salmonella approximately doubled between scalding and defeathering and between defeathering and chilling. More than two times as many positive samples were found on water-scalded birds as on steam-scalded birds. Of 348 carcasses sampled from each method of scalding, 27 water-scalded carcasses and 12 steam-scalded carcasses were contaminated with Salmonella. Seven serotypes were found on water-scalded poultry, only three were found on Steam-scalded poultry. In this study, steam scalding was more effective (although not statistically significant) than conventional hot water scalding in reducing the number of chicken carcasses contaminated with Salmonella. Salmonella surface contamination present after scalding may be a source of subsequent contamination of other carcasses during proces...
TL;DR: Chill-cut birds had higher cut-up yields than hot- cut birds at the time of tray packing and after termination of a 10 day storage period at −2°C and higher shear values for both breast and thigh muscle were obtained when birds were hot-cut.
TL;DR: Two rapid tests for anti-Entamoeba histolytica antibody, cellulose acetate diffusion, and latex agglutination have been contrasted with the more commonly employed agar gel diffusion and indirect hemagglutination tests.
TL;DR: Phenyldiguanide and veratridine were found to depress “spontaneous” EMG activity and muscle tone in “gamma-type” decerebrate preparations and in animals under light chloralose-urethane anaesthesia, suggesting that both effects arose from the same type of receptor.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors determined the temperatures of tetrahydrofuran, triethylamine and triethylphosphine with solutions of n-butyllithium in hexane by high dilution solution calorimetry.
TL;DR: Results indicate that the incipient upper lethal temperature of the bluegill, with a 2 C rise in temperature per day, is 35.5 C and that of the duskystripe shiner is approximately 32.0 C.
Abstract: Sublethal, incipient upper lethal, and total lethal temperatures were obtained for the duskystripe shiner, Notropis pilsbryi, and the bluegill, Lepomis macrochirus. Both species were exposed to a gradual temperature increase of 2 C per day and to sudden temperature increases after being acclimated to a temperature of 21.5 C. Results indicate that the incipient upper lethal temperature of the bluegill, with a 2 C rise in temperature per day, is 35.5 C and that of the duskystripe shiner is approximately 32.0 C. Resistance times of both species to a sudden temperature increase were also determined.
TL;DR: The motor depressant effect of nicotine was duplicated by the quaternary nicotinic agent sebacylcholine and also by acetylcholine, and was blocked by hexamethonium, confirming the peripheral reflex nature of the effect.
TL;DR: On the basis of morphological, hybridization, genetic, and field studies, it is proposed thatCoreopsis saxicola Alex.
Abstract: On the basis of morphological, hybridization, genetic, and field studies, it is proposed thatCoreopsis saxicola Alex. be reduced to varietal rank asC. grandiflora var. saxicola.
TL;DR: Cryoinjury of RER, which occurred during all treatments compared, was manifested in irregularity, dilatation, vesiculation, and altered matrix density of cisternae, and ribosomal derangement or disjunction.