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Institution

University of Arkansas

EducationFayetteville, Arkansas, United States
About: University of Arkansas is a education organization based out in Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 17225 authors who have published 33329 publications receiving 941102 citations. The organization is also known as: Arkansas & UA.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Persistent neutropenia was the single prognostic factor for death identified by multivariate analysis in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients.
Abstract: To characterize the epidemiology and prognostic factors of invasive fusariosis in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients, the records of HSCT recipients from 9 hospitals (7 in Brazil and 2 in the United States) were retrospectively reviewed. Sixty-one cases were identified: 54 in allogeneic HSCT recipients and 7 in autologous HSCT recipients. The incidence of fusariosis among allogeneic HSCT recipients varied between a range of 4.21-5.0 cases per 1000 in human leukocyte antigen (HLA)--matched related transplant recipients to 20.19 cases per 1000 in HLA-mismatched transplant recipients. The median time period between transplantation and diagnosis of fusariosis was 48 days. Among allogeneic HSCT recipients, a trimodal distribution was observed: a first peak before engraftment, a second peak at a median of 62 days after transplantation, and a third peak >1 year after transplantation. The actuarial survival was 13% (median, 13 days). Persistent neutropenia was the single prognostic factor for death identified by multivariate analysis.

299 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors assess consumers' willingness to pay (WTP) for organic chicken using a choice experiment and find that consumers are willing to pay a premium of 1.193$/lb (34.8%) for the general organic label and 3.545 $/lb(103.5%) for a USDA organic label.

298 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors tested 9 interventions (8 real and 1 sham) to reduce implicit racial preferences over time and found that none were effective after a delay of several hours to several days, and also found that these interventions did not change explicit racial preferences and were not reliably moderated by motivations to respond without prejudice.
Abstract: Implicit preferences are malleable, but does that change last? We tested 9 interventions (8 real and 1 sham) to reduce implicit racial preferences over time. In 2 studies with a total of 6,321 participants, all 9 interventions immediately reduced implicit preferences. However, none were effective after a delay of several hours to several days. We also found that these interventions did not change explicit racial preferences and were not reliably moderated by motivations to respond without prejudice. Short-term malleability in implicit preferences does not necessarily lead to long-term change, raising new questions about the flexibility and stability of implicit preferences. (PsycINFO Database Record

298 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Testing the hypothesis that alternate wetting and drying (AWD--flooding the soil and then allowing to dry down before being reflooded) water management practices will maintain grain yields and concurrently reduce water use, greenhouse gas emissions and arsenic levels in rice highlights that multiple environmental benefits can be realized without sacrificing yield.
Abstract: Agriculture is faced with the challenge of providing healthy food for a growing population at minimal environmental cost. Rice (Oryza sativa), the staple crop for the largest number of people on earth, is grown under flooded soil conditions and uses more water and has higher greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions than most crops. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that alternate wetting and drying (AWD--flooding the soil and then allowing to dry down before being reflooded) water management practices will maintain grain yields and concurrently reduce water use, greenhouse gas emissions and arsenic (As) levels in rice. Various treatments ranging in frequency and duration of AWD practices were evaluated at three locations over 2 years. Relative to the flooded control treatment and depending on the AWD treatment, yields were reduced by <1-13%; water-use efficiency was improved by 18-63%, global warming potential (GWP of CH4 and N2 O emissions) reduced by 45-90%, and grain As concentrations reduced by up to 64%. In general, as the severity of AWD increased by allowing the soil to dry out more between flood events, yields declined while the other benefits increased. The reduction in GWP was mostly attributed to a reduction in CH4 emissions as changes in N2 O emissions were minimal among treatments. When AWD was practiced early in the growing season followed by flooding for remainder of season, similar yields as the flooded control were obtained but reduced water use (18%), GWP (45%) and yield-scaled GWP (45%); although grain As concentrations were similar or higher. This highlights that multiple environmental benefits can be realized without sacrificing yield but there may be trade-offs to consider. Importantly, adoption of these practices will require that they are economically attractive and can be adapted to field scales.

298 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The working hypothesis involves signaling events associated with increased ABA levels, decreased glucose levels, disruption of ABA/sugar signaling, activation of programmed cell death/senescence through repression of a phospholipase C-mediated signaling pathway, and arrest of the cell cycle in the stressed ovary at 1 d after pollination.
Abstract: Drought stress affects cereals especially during the reproductive stage. The maize (Zea mays) drought transcriptome was studied using RNA-Seq analysis to compare drought-treated and well-watered fertilized ovary and basal leaf meristem tissue. More drought-responsive genes responded in the ovary compared with the leaf meristem. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis revealed a massive decrease in transcript abundance of cell division and cell cycle genes in the drought-stressed ovary only. Among Gene Ontology categories related to carbohydrate metabolism, changes in starch and Suc metabolism-related genes occurred in the ovary, consistent with a decrease in starch levels, and in Suc transporter function, with no comparable changes occurring in the leaf meristem. Abscisic acid (ABA)-related processes responded positively, but only in the ovaries. Related responses suggested the operation of low glucose sensing in drought-stressed ovaries. The data are discussed in the context of the susceptibility of maize kernel to drought stress leading to embryo abortion and the relative robustness of dividing vegetative tissue taken at the same time from the same plant subjected to the same conditions. Our working hypothesis involves signaling events associated with increased ABA levels, decreased glucose levels, disruption of ABA/sugar signaling, activation of programmed cell death/senescence through repression of a phospholipase C-mediated signaling pathway, and arrest of the cell cycle in the stressed ovary at 1 d after pollination. Increased invertase levels in the stressed leaf meristem, on the other hand, resulted in that tissue maintaining hexose levels at an “unstressed” level, and at lower ABA levels, which was correlated with successful resistance to drought stress.

298 citations


Authors

Showing all 17387 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Robert M. Califf1961561167961
Hugh A. Sampson14781676492
Stephen Boyd138822151205
Nikhil C. Munshi13490667349
Jian-Guo Bian128121980964
Bart Barlogie12677957803
Robert R. Wolfe12456654000
Daniel B. Mark12457678385
E. Magnus Ohman12462268976
Benoît Roux12049362215
Robert C. Haddon11257752712
Rodney J. Bartlett10970056154
Baoshan Xing10982348944
Gareth J. Morgan109101952957
Josep Dalmau10856849331
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202380
2022243
20211,973
20201,889
20191,736
20181,636