Showing papers by "University of Bath published in 1968"
01 Jan 1968
TL;DR: All of the free energy reaching this planet originates in the nuclear fusion reactions that take place in the Sun and these reactions emit hard gamma radiation which, after extensive absorption and re-emission, is radiated from the surface of the Sun as sunlight as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: All of the free energy reaching this planet originates in the nuclear fusion reactions that take place in the Sun. These reactions emit hard gamma radiation which, after extensive absorption and re-emission, is radiated from the surface of the Sun as sunlight. It is from this reservoir of free energy that all living organisms (with the exception of the chemolithotrophic bacteria) directly or indirectly draw in order to exist.
289 citations
TL;DR: In this article, boundary scattering, which affects the low frequency phonons, can be important in relatively large crystals in a solid solution, even at high temperatures, and boundary scattering is strongly scattered by point imperfections.
195 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the growth of single-crystal high-energy-gap II-IV-V2 compounds using both solution and vapour-growth techniques is described, and the technique of solution synthesis is found to be particularly useful in the preparation of those compounds which dissociate near their melting point, except for the case of MgSiP2 where the compound SiP2 forms preferentially.
67 citations
45 citations
TL;DR: The maximum survival time of teleutospores in the sori on detached leaves was 8 weeks but was considerably less under moist conditions or buried in soil, while low doses of a mancozeb with zineb fungicide controlled infection by preventing penetration rather than by inhibiting sporidial germination.
Abstract: SUMMARY
Teleutospores of Puccinia horiana Henn. germinate and discharge sporidia between 4 and 23 °C. At the optimum temperature of 17 °C sporidia discharge starts within 3 h. Maximum germination of the sporidia takes place within 2·5 h between o and 30 °C, there being no clear optimum. High humidity and a film of moisture appear to be necessary for germination of both teleutospores and sporidia. Sporidia can penetrate either leaf surface of chrysanthemum to cause infection between 4 and 24 1°C and within the optimum temperature range, 17–24 °C, effectively penetrate within 2 h. The sporidia are very sensitive to desiccation at below 90 % relative humidity.
Methods are described, using leaf discs and whole plants, for screening chrysanthemum cultivars for susceptibility to white rust. Cultivars were placed in five classes ranging from susceptible to immune. Leaf discs of immune cultivars can be distinguished within 30 h by a brown discolouration at the point of inoculation. The early stages of development of the fungus in susceptible, resistant and immune hosts are described. The incubation period in susceptible plants is normally 7–10 days, teleutospores being formed a few days later. Leaves become less susceptible with age but the oldest leaves on 5-month-old plants could still be infected. The maximum survival time of teleutospores in the sori on detached leaves was 8 weeks but was considerably less under moist conditions or buried in soil. Low doses of a mancozeb with zineb fungicide controlled infection by preventing penetration rather than by inhibiting sporidial germination.
38 citations
TL;DR: In this article, new synthesized routes to the benzo[c]phenanthridine ring system have been investigated, and new syntheses of oxyavicine (2a ), 2,3-dimethoxy-8,9-methylenedioxybenzo [c] (5c ) and 2.3, 8, 9-tetramethoxybenzo[C]phenathridine (5a ) are described.
31 citations
TL;DR: Purification of pectin transeliminase from the culture filtrate of P. digitatum is described and evidence suggests that it is this enzyme which is responsible for the maceration of orange-rind tissue.
29 citations
TL;DR: A practical method is described to determine the modulo-2 feedback shift-register connections for producing advanced (or delayed) versions of a pseudorandom binary sequence.
Abstract: A practical method is described to determine the modulo-2 feedback shift-register connections for producing advanced (or delayed) versions of a pseudorandom binary sequence.
29 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an alternative synthesis of 3-deoxy-3-fluoro-α-D-xylose (4a) from methyl 2,3-anhydro-5-O-benzyl-β,D-ribofuranoside (1) is described.
27 citations
TL;DR: This survey indicated that British fresh sausages contain 1-5000 × 105 viable organisms/g, with Microbacterium thermosphactum predominant in the majority of samples, and Fermentative organisms such as microbacteria and yeasts developed at the expense of the aerobic Gram negative organisms.
Abstract: SUMMARY
This survey indicated that British fresh sausages contain 1-5000 × 105 viable organisms/g, with Microbacterium thermosphactum predominant in the majority of samples. With lightly contaminated sausages, yeasts were abundant. They made a meagre contribution, however, in samples containing >1.0 × 107 organisms/g. In such material, members of the Pseudomonas–Achromobacter complex tended to be plentiful. Coliaerogenes organisms were recovered from the majority of samples, their numbers ranged from 1.3 to 2400 × 102/g. A similar situation obtained with Group D streptococci. Little change in the size of the microbial populations occurred during brief periods of storage but there was evidence of change in the composition of the flora. Fermentative organisms such as microbacteria and yeasts developed at the expense of the aerobic Gram negative organisms. Lactic acid bacteria made only a small contribution to the initial populations of sausages and their number did not increase appreciably when the commodity was held overnight under refrigeration or at room temperature.
25 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors considered the problem of transferring a space vehicle between two points in a given gravitational field such that the minimum amount of fuel is used has been called the fundamental navigational problem of astronautics.
Abstract: The problem of transferring a space vehicle between two points in a given gravitational field such that the minimum amount of fuel is used has been called the fundamental navigational problem of astronautics. In such a problem it may be required to find the optimum thrust magnitude and thrust direction which yields a minimum fuel trajectory. Furthermore, certain end conditions may be specified which the optimal trajectory must satisfy. In a large number of published papers the velocity of the vehicle is supposed known both at the beginning of the transfer and at the end whereas the time taken to complete the manoeuvre may or may not be given. Also, other performance criteria have been chosen besides minimum fuel. For example, minimum time of transit or maximum orbital altitude at perigee. Papers mentioned in this review deal mainly with flight in two dimensions apart from those sections on general theory. Furthermore, all space vehicles considered are assumed to have a fixed exhaust velocity unless otherwise stated.
TL;DR: In this article, the colony counts were made for a year on washed and unwashed cells of Ps. aeruginosa inoculated into fluorescein sodium solution, 2 percent in water (pH 8.6), into nutrient broth, into tris buffer, and into water.
TL;DR: In this article, the acid promoted rearrangement of 1-allyl-2-methyl-1,2-dihydroisoquinoline to the corresponding 3-ally l 2 -methyl-3,4 -dihyldihydroidisquinoline salt has been studied.
TL;DR: A cheap, easily made and generally applicable template and syringe assembly is described which gives a more rapid and accurate densitometric thin layer chromatographic procedure by the estimation of sapogenin in Dioscorea tubers.
TL;DR: In this article, the effective mass of Cd 3 As 2 at 80°K was derived from the saturation magneto-Seebeck and Hall coefficients, and interpreted in terms of a Kane-type conduction band.
TL;DR: The influence of iron on the course of bacterial infection of the hen's egg was studied in this article, where the authors found that it was positively correlated with the number of eggs laid by the hen.
Abstract: (1968). The influence of iron on the course of bacterial infection of the hen's egg. British Poultry Science: Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 211-215.
TL;DR: In this paper, the electronic absorption spectra of the hexahalo anions MoCl − 6, WCl −6, WBr − 6, WCl 2 − 6 and WBr 2− 6 have been measured.
TL;DR: HISTOCHEMICAL techniques for the localization of the enzyme steroid 3β-ol-denydrogenase have been widely used to demonstrate the sites of cellular steroidogenesis, but no studies of this kind seem to have been made on the gonads of the primitive agnathans.
Abstract: HISTOCHEMICAL techniques for the localization of the enzyme steroid 3β-ol-denydrogenase have been widely used to demonstrate the sites of cellular steroidogenesis. In mammals this enzyme has been demonstrated in the adrenal cortex, gonadal interstitium and placenta, and in non-mammalian species positive reactions have been observed in the somatic gonadal tissues of birds1,2, reptiles3, elasmobranchs4 and teleosts5–7. So far no studies of this kind seem to have been made on the gonads of the primitive agnathans.
TL;DR: In this paper, it was concluded that hot-pressing is preferable to cold-pressing in the production of sintered thermoelements in the case of Bi2Te3 and its alloys.
TL;DR: A 3-port unit that satisfies the requirements of the circulator concept is realised with a differential-input operational amplifier that provides, between two of its ports, a direct measure of reflection coefficient at the third port.
Abstract: A 3-port unit that satisfies the requirements of the circulator concept is realised with a differential-input operational amplifier. It provides, between two of its ports, a direct measure of reflection coefficient at the third port. One unit may be employed as a hybrid transformer; two or more units may be connected in a ring to form an n-port circulator.
TL;DR: Very large changes of the Seebeck coefficient on the application of a high magnetic field have been observed for extrinsic (Te-doped)Bi 95 Sb 5, and it was found that these changes are compatible with a non-parabolic band structure as mentioned in this paper.
TL;DR: The chemistry of the epicryptopines, A, B and C, of the epimethylcryptopines A and B and of Epicryptopirubin chloride has been re-examined, and some new structural proposals made.
TL;DR: In this paper, the 4-benzyl-isoquinoline derivatives are briefly reviewed and the condensation of isoquinolinium salts with benzaldehyde under alkaline conditions has been examined; the structure originally proposed by Krohne 11 for one of these products has been corrected.
TL;DR: In this article, the reaction between 1,2-dihydroisoquinolines and a variety of acid chlorides is described, and some properties of the resulting 4-acyl-1, 2, 2-dioxinolines are reported.
TL;DR: In this paper, a culture sur un substrat a l'acide humique incorpore dans de la gelose a provoque la formation de sporanges dans 5 colonies d'Actinoplanaceae (Actinomycetales) isolees, dont 2, soumises a quelques autres traitements, etaient restees steriles.
Abstract: La culture sur un substrat a l'acide humique incorpore dans de la gelose a provoque la formation de sporanges dans 5 colonies d'Actinoplanaceae (Actinomycetales) isolees, dont 2, soumises a quelques autres traitements, etaient restees steriles. Des acides humiques de provenances differentes (terrestre, marginale et aquatique) ont montre divers degres d'efficacite.
TL;DR: In this article, the same species react with molten triphenylarsine oxide with greater oxidation to give Mo vi O 2 X 2,2L (XCl, Br) complexes.
01 Oct 1968
TL;DR: The operational amplifier equivalent of a hybrid transformer notch filter is presented together with the design equations.
Abstract: The operational amplifier equivalent of a hybrid transformer notch filter is presented together with the design equations.
01 Jul 1968
TL;DR: In this article, an equivalent circuit of the general 2-port network based on a controlled source having two independent control voltages is derived and a synthesis procedure is given in terms of the transmission-matrix parameters, and it is shown that the network may be realized with only one type of operational amplifier.
Abstract: An equivalent circuit of the general 2-port network based on a controlled source having two independent control voltages is derived. A synthesis procedure is given in terms of the transmission-matrix parameters, and it is shown that the network may be realised with only one type of operational amplifier. The method is applied to the ideal transformer, power amplifier and gyrator.