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Institution

University of Bath

EducationBath, Bath and North East Somerset, United Kingdom
About: University of Bath is a education organization based out in Bath, Bath and North East Somerset, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Photonic-crystal fiber. The organization has 15830 authors who have published 39608 publications receiving 1358769 citations. The organization is also known as: Bath University.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The structural features of current inhibitors are discussed and how next-generation ACE inhibitors could be designed by using the three-dimensional molecular structure of human testis ACE are outlined.
Abstract: Current-generation angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are widely used for cardiovascular diseases, including high blood pressure, heart failure, heart attack and kidney failure, and have combined annual sales in excess of US $6 billion. However, the use of these ACE inhibitors, which were developed in the late 1970s and early 1980s, is hampered by common side effects. Moreover, we now know that ACE actually consists of two parts (called the N- and C-domains) that have different functions. Therefore, the design of specific domain-selective ACE inhibitors is expected to produce next-generation drugs that might be safer and more effective. Here we discuss the structural features of current inhibitors and outline how next-generation ACE inhibitors could be designed by using the three-dimensional molecular structure of human testis ACE. The ACE structure provides a unique opportunity for rational drug design, based on a combination of in silico modelling using existing inhibitors as scaffolds and iterative lead optimization to drive the synthetic chemistry.

290 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper presents a literature review of the methods for computing ac losses in HTS tapes, wires, and devices and provides an estimation of the losses occurring in a variety of power applications.
Abstract: Numerical modeling of superconductors is widely recognized as a powerful tool for interpreting experimental results, understanding physical mechanisms, and predicting the performance of high-temperature-superconductor (HTS) tapes, wires, and devices. This is particularly true for ac loss calculation since a sufficiently low ac loss value is imperative to make these materials attractive for commercialization. In recent years, a large variety of numerical models, which are based on different techniques and implementations, has been proposed by researchers around the world, with the purpose of being able to estimate ac losses in HTSs quickly and accurately. This paper presents a literature review of the methods for computing ac losses in HTS tapes, wires, and devices. Technical superconductors have a relatively complex geometry (filaments, which might be twisted or transposed, or layers) and consist of different materials. As a result, different loss contributions exist. In this paper, we describe the ways of computing such loss contributions, which include hysteresis losses, eddy-current losses, coupling losses, and losses in ferromagnetic materials. We also provide an estimation of the losses occurring in a variety of power applications.

290 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Findings support emerging research suggesting the general public is struggling with uncertainty, more so than normal, and suggest two modifiable factors that could act as treatment targets when adapting interventions for mental health during the COVID-19 global health crisis.
Abstract: The current pandemic wave of COVID-19 has resulted in significant uncertainty for the general public. Mental health and examining factors that may influence distress have been outlined as key research priorities to inform interventions. This research sought to examine whether intolerance of uncertainty and coping responses influence the degree of distress experienced by the U.K. general public during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a cross-sectional online questionnaire design, participants were recruited (N = 842) using snowball sampling over a 10-day period in the early "lockdown" phase of the pandemic. Around a quarter of participants demonstrated significantly elevated anxiety and depression, with 14.8% reaching clinical cutoff for health anxiety. A one-way multivariate analysis of variance indicated those in "vulnerable" groups were significantly more anxious (p < .001), and also more anxious in relation to their health (p < .001). Mediation modeling demonstrated maladaptive coping responses partially mediated the predictive relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and psychological distress. Mental health difficulties have become significantly raised during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom, particularly for the vulnerable. Findings support emerging research suggesting the general public is struggling with uncertainty, more so than normal. Vulnerable groups are more anxious about their health, but not more intolerant of uncertainty than the nonvulnerable. Finally, this study indicated two modifiable factors that could act as treatment targets when adapting interventions for mental health during the COVID-19 global health crisis. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

289 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide an empirical reconstruction of the US CDS network based on the FDIC Call Reports for off-balance sheet bank data for the 4th quarter in 2007 and 2008.
Abstract: A small segment of credit default swaps (CDS) on residential mortgage backed securities (RMBS) stand implicated in the 2007 financial crisis. The dominance of a few big players in the chains of insurance and reinsurance for CDS credit risk mitigation for banks’ assets has led to the idea of too interconnected to fail (TITF) resulting, as in the case of AIG, of a tax payer bailout. We provide an empirical reconstruction of the US CDS network based on the FDIC Call Reports for off balance sheet bank data for the 4th quarter in 2007 and 2008. The propagation of financial contagion in networks with dense clustering which reflects high concentration or localization of exposures between few participants will be identified as one that is TITF. Those that dominate in terms of network centrality and connectivity are called ‘super-spreaders’. Management of systemic risk from bank failure in uncorrelated random networks is different to those with clustering. As systemic risk of highly connected financial firms in the CDS (or any other) financial markets is not priced into their holding of capital and collateral, we design a super-spreader tax based on eigenvector centrality of the banks which can mitigate potential socialized losses.

289 citations

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 1968
TL;DR: All of the free energy reaching this planet originates in the nuclear fusion reactions that take place in the Sun and these reactions emit hard gamma radiation which, after extensive absorption and re-emission, is radiated from the surface of the Sun as sunlight as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: All of the free energy reaching this planet originates in the nuclear fusion reactions that take place in the Sun. These reactions emit hard gamma radiation which, after extensive absorption and re-emission, is radiated from the surface of the Sun as sunlight. It is from this reservoir of free energy that all living organisms (with the exception of the chemolithotrophic bacteria) directly or indirectly draw in order to exist.

289 citations


Authors

Showing all 16056 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Michael Grätzel2481423303599
Brenda W.J.H. Penninx1701139119082
Amartya Sen149689141907
Gilbert Laporte12873062608
Andre K. Geim125445206833
Matthew Jones125116196909
Benoît Roux12049362215
Stephen Mann12066955008
Bruno S. Frey11990065368
Raymond A. Dwek11860352259
David Cutts11477864215
John Campbell107115056067
David Chandler10742452396
Peter H.R. Green10684360113
Huajian Gao10566746748
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202386
2022404
20212,474
20202,371
20192,144
20181,972