Institution
University of Bath
Education•Bath, Bath and North East Somerset, United Kingdom•
About: University of Bath is a education organization based out in Bath, Bath and North East Somerset, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Photonic-crystal fiber. The organization has 15830 authors who have published 39608 publications receiving 1358769 citations. The organization is also known as: Bath University.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
••
TL;DR: In this paper, the impact of regulations and supervision approaches on banks' technical efficiency was investigated using Tobit regression and a two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) method.
Abstract: This study uses a sample of 715 banks from 95 countries and two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) to provide international evidence on the impact of regulations and supervision approaches on banks’ efficiency. We first use DEA to estimate technical and scale efficiency. We then use Tobit regression to investigate the impact of several regulations related to capital adequacy, private monitoring, banks’ activities, deposit insurance schemes, disciplinary power of the authorities, and entry into banking on banks’ technical efficiency. We estimate several specifications while controlling for bank-specific attributes and country-level characteristics accounting for macroeconomic conditions, financial development, market structure, overall institutional development, and access to banking services. In several cases, the results provide evidence in favour of all three pillars of Basel II that promote the adoption of strict capital adequacy standards, the development of powerful supervisory agencies, and the creation of market disciplining mechanisms. However, only the latter one is significant in all of our specifications. While the remaining regulations do not appear to have a robust impact on efficiency, several other country-specific characteristics are significantly related to efficiency.
272 citations
••
TL;DR: People in countries with Scandinavian and Anglo-Saxon welfare regimes were observed to have better self-perceived general health in comparison to Southern and East European welfare regimes.
272 citations
••
TL;DR: Using a combination of x-ray and neutron scattering methods with vibrational and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, it is shown that celery collenchyma microfibrils were 2.9 to 3.0 nm in mean diameter, with a most probable structure containing 24 chains in cross section, arranged in eight hydrogen-bonded sheets of three chains, with extensive disorder in lateral packing, conformation, and hydrogen bonding.
Abstract: In the primary walls of growing plant cells, the glucose polymer cellulose is assembled into long microfibrils a few nanometers in diameter. The rigidity and orientation of these microfibrils control cell expansion; therefore, cellulose synthesis is a key factor in the growth and morphogenesis of plants. Celery (Apium graveolens) collenchyma is a useful model system for the study of primary wall microfibril structure because its microfibrils are oriented with unusual uniformity, facilitating spectroscopic and diffraction experiments. Using a combination of x-ray and neutron scattering methods with vibrational and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, we show that celery collenchyma microfibrils were 2.9 to 3.0 nm in mean diameter, with a most probable structure containing 24 chains in cross section, arranged in eight hydrogen-bonded sheets of three chains, with extensive disorder in lateral packing, conformation, and hydrogen bonding. A similar 18-chain structure, and 24-chain structures of different shape, fitted the data less well. Conformational disorder was largely restricted to the surface chains, but disorder in chain packing was not. That is, in position and orientation, the surface chains conformed to the disordered lattice constituting the core of each microfibril. There was evidence that adjacent microfibrils were noncovalently aggregated together over part of their length, suggesting that the need to disrupt these aggregates might be a constraining factor in growth and in the hydrolysis of cellulose for biofuel production.
272 citations
••
TL;DR: In this paper, a field experiment was conducted among 800 participants, who received either an intervention promoting sustainable behaviours, or were in a no-intervention control condition, and half of the households had recently relocated, and were matched with households that had not relocated.
272 citations
••
TL;DR: An experimental proof of concept is reported by using photonic crystal fiber techniques to make the transitions, demonstrating a multimode fiber filter with the transmission spectrum of a single-mode fiber grating.
Abstract: A taper transition can couple light between a multimode fiber and several single-mode fibers. If the number of single-mode fibers matches the number of spatial modes in the multimode fiber, the transition can have low loss in both directions. This enables the high performance of single-mode fiber devices to be attained in multimode fibers. We report an experimental proof of concept by using photonic crystal fiber techniques to make the transitions, demonstrating a multimode fiber filter with the transmission spectrum of a single-mode fiber grating.
272 citations
Authors
Showing all 16056 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Michael Grätzel | 248 | 1423 | 303599 |
Brenda W.J.H. Penninx | 170 | 1139 | 119082 |
Amartya Sen | 149 | 689 | 141907 |
Gilbert Laporte | 128 | 730 | 62608 |
Andre K. Geim | 125 | 445 | 206833 |
Matthew Jones | 125 | 1161 | 96909 |
Benoît Roux | 120 | 493 | 62215 |
Stephen Mann | 120 | 669 | 55008 |
Bruno S. Frey | 119 | 900 | 65368 |
Raymond A. Dwek | 118 | 603 | 52259 |
David Cutts | 114 | 778 | 64215 |
John Campbell | 107 | 1150 | 56067 |
David Chandler | 107 | 424 | 52396 |
Peter H.R. Green | 106 | 843 | 60113 |
Huajian Gao | 105 | 667 | 46748 |