University of Bedfordshire

About: University of Bedfordshire is a education organization based out in Luton, Bedford, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Social work. The organization has 3860 authors who have published 6079 publications receiving 143448 citations. The organization is also known as: University of Luton.

Repeat-sequence turnover shifts fundamentally in species with large genomes

Abstract: Given the 2,400-fold range of genome sizes (0.06–148.9 Gbp (gigabase pair)) of seed plants (angiosperms and gymnosperms) with a broadly similar gene content (amounting to approximately 0.03 Gbp), the repeat-sequence content of the genome might be expected to increase with genome size, resulting in the largest genomes consisting almost entirely of repetitive sequences. Here we test this prediction, using the same bioinformatic approach for 101 species to ensure consistency in what constitutes a repeat. We reveal a fundamental change in repeat turnover in genomes above around 10 Gbp, such that species with the largest genomes are only about 55% repetitive. Given that genome size influences many plant traits, habits and life strategies, this fundamental shift in repeat dynamics is likely to affect the evolutionary trajectory of species lineages. Genomic analyses of 101 plant species reveals a fundamental shift in the proportion of repetitive sequences in genomes above around 10 Gbp—species with the largest genomes are only about 55% repetitive, and this proportion does not increase further with genome size.

A critical evaluation of recent progress in understanding the role of the research-teaching link in higher education

Abstract: Research into the relationship between research and teaching in higher education has flourished over several decades, and the most recent research phase has focused particularly on how the research-teaching nexus can enhance the quality and outcomes of the learning experience for both students and academics. On the basis of bibliographic review, this article concludes that progress in answering the fundamental questions posed by researchers in the early 1990s and earlier has been limited. Diverse practice has been categorised, shared and evaluated against broad criteria, while questions about the inherent nature and value of the nexus in higher education remain as yet unanswered within the research theme and within the broader consideration of higher education policy and practice. Recent research provides an enriched evidence base on which earlier questions of principle and policy might usefully be reconsidered.

Targeting the endothelin axis in scleroderma renal crisis: rationale and feasibility

Abstract: Background: We have studied endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels and ET-1 ligand and receptor tissue expression in scleroderma renal crisis (SRC) and undertaken a pilot open label safety study of bosentan, a non-selective ET-1 receptor antagonist, in SRC [Bosentan in Renal Disease-1 (BIRD-1)]. Methods: Serum levels of ET-1 were measured in healthy controls ( n = 20) or systemic sclerosis (SSc) ( n = 80) with or without SRC, including cases of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Renal biopsies ( n = 27) from patients with SRC were stained for endothelin ligand and receptors. Six cases of SRC received 6 months bosentan. Outcome measures were compared with SRC cases managed at our centre from 2000 to 2004 ( n = 49). Results: Serum ET-1 was elevated in SRC but less than in PAH. ET-1 and both endothelin A and endothelin B receptor expression was increased in SRC biopsies in glomeruli, interstitium and hallmark vascular lesions of SRC. In the BIRD-1 cohort, serum ET-1 was elevated in all cases at SRC (median healthy controls 0.50 pg/ml; SRC 1.48 pg/ml; P < 0.0005), and increased further with bosentan therapy (1.46 vs. 3.05 pg/ml; t -test P < 0.05). Bosentan was well tolerated with no significant drug-related serious adverse events and long-term outcomes were favourable compared with historic cases. Three patients developed rebound hypertension on withdrawal of bosentan and one appeared to further benefit from maintenance therapy. Conclusions: Upregulation of ET-1 ligand axis suggests that ET-1 receptor blockade is logical and treatment with bosentan appears to be safe in SRC. Future studies to assess therapeutic benefit and compare selective or non-selective receptor antagonists are justified.