Institution
University of Bedfordshire
Education•Luton, Bedford, United Kingdom•
About: University of Bedfordshire is a education organization based out in Luton, Bedford, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Social work. The organization has 3860 authors who have published 6079 publications receiving 143448 citations. The organization is also known as: University of Luton.
Topics: Population, Social work, Poison control, Curriculum, Health care
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: This study provides proof‐of‐concept evidence that senescent melanocytes affect keratinocyte function and act as drivers of human skin ageing.
Abstract: Cellular senescence has been shown to contribute to skin ageing. However, the role of melanocytes in the process is understudied. Our data show that melanocytes are the only epidermal cell type to express the senescence marker p16(INK4A) during human skin ageing. Aged melanocytes also display additional markers of senescence such as reduced HMGB1 and dysfunctional telomeres, without detectable telomere shortening. Additionally, senescent melanocyte SASP induces telomere dysfunction in paracrine manner and limits proliferation of surrounding cells via activation of CXCR3-dependent mitochondrial ROS. Finally, senescent melanocytes impair basal keratinocyte proliferation and contribute to epidermal atrophy in vitro using 3D human epidermal equivalents. Crucially, clearance of senescent melanocytes using the senolytic drug ABT737 or treatment with mitochondria-targeted antioxidant MitoQ suppressed this effect. In conclusion, our study provides proof-of-concept evidence that senescent melanocytes affect keratinocyte function and act as drivers of human skin ageing.
112 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore the variables contributing to the growth of women-owned enterprises in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and reveal that women entrepreneurs' personal resources and social capital have a significant role in their business growth.
Abstract: This study seeks to explore the variables contributing to the growth of women-owned enterprises in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. Based on a previously established multivariate model, it uses two econometric approaches: first classifying variables into predetermined blocks; and second, using the general to specific approach. Statistical analyses and in-depth interviews confirm that women entrepreneurs’ personal resources and social capital have a significant role in their business growth. Further, it reveals that the moral support of immediate family, independent mobility and being allowed to meet with men play a decisive role in the sales and employment growth of women-owned enterprises in an Islamic country such as Pakistan.
112 citations
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TL;DR: The results show that CYP-dependent metabolism can be preserved or even activated in immortalized keratinocytes, and indicate presence of several CYPs of which some may contribute to significant xenobiotic metabolism in human buccal epithelium.
Abstract: Constituents in food and fluids, tobacco chemicals and many drugs are candidates for oral absorption and oxidative metabolism. On this basis, the expression of cytochrome P450 isozymes (CYPs) and the conversion of CYP substrates were analysed in reference to buccal mucosa. A RT-PCR based analysis of human buccal tissue from 13 individuals demonstrated consistent expression of mRNA for the CYPs 1A1, 1A2, 2C, 2E1, 3A4/7 and 3A5. CYP 2D6 was expressed in six out of the 13 specimens, whereas all samples were negative for 2A6 and 2B6. Serum-free monolayer cultures of the Siman virus 40 large T-antigen-immortalized SVpgC2a and the carcinoma SqCC/Y1 buccal keratinocyte lines expressed the same CYPs as tissue except 3A4/7 and 3A5 (SVpgC2a), and 2C, 2D6 and 3A4/7 (SqCC/Y1). Dealkylation of ethoxyresorufin and methoxyresorufin in both normal and transformed cells indicated functional 1A1 and 1A2, respectively. SVpgC2a showed similar activity as normal keratinocytes for both substrates, whereas SqCC/Y1 showed about 2-fold lower 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylation and 7-methoxyresorufin O-demethylation activities. SVpgC2a showed detectable and many-fold higher activity than the other cell types towards chlorzoxazone, a substrate for 2E1. Absent or minute catalytic activity of 2C9, 2D6 and 3A4 in the various cell types was indicated by lack of detectable diclofenac, dextromethorphan and testosterone metabolism (<0.2-0.5 pmol/min/mg). Metabolic activation of the tobacco-specific N-nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) and the mycotoxin aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) to covalently bound adducts was indicated by autoradiographic analysis of both monolayer and organotypic cultures of SVpgC2a. In contrast, SqCC/Y1 showed lower or absent metabolic activity for these substrates. Finally, measurements of various non-reactive AFB1 metabolites indicated rates of formation <0.1 pmol/min/mg in both normal and transformed cells. The results indicate presence of several CYPs of which some may contribute to significant xenobiotic metabolism in human buccal epithelium. Notably, metabolic activation of AFB1 was not previously implicated for oral mucosa. Further, the results show that CYP-dependent metabolism can be preserved or even activated in immortalized keratinocytes. Metabolic activity in SVpgC2a under both monolayer and organotypic culture conditions suggests that this cell line may be useful to pharmaco-toxicological and carcinogenesis studies.
111 citations
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TL;DR: An introduction is given to the physics of mixed biopolymer solutions and the behaviour of their phases, with a view to highlighting the unique aspects of such materials in comparison to other liquid-liquid mixtures, and also the more interesting topics for future research in these fascinating materials.
110 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, a novel application of data envelopment analysis (DEA) is described to help extend a specific debate in the literature on Porter's hypothesis in environmental policy, which deals with the impact of flexibility of regulations on the relationship between innovation capabilities on financial performance in organisations.
Abstract: Operational research models have been employed to understand development issues associated with environmental sustainability. This article describes a novel application of data envelopment analysis (DEA) to help extend a specific debate in the literature on Porter's hypothesis in environmental policy. The debate deals with the impact of flexibility of regulations on the relationship between innovation capabilities on financial performance in organisations. Using the resource based view of a firm, we hypothesise that relationship between innovation capabilities and financial performance in firms depends on how flexible or inflexible environmental regulations are. We apply DEA to capture the flexibility of environmental regulations. Our results indicate that innovation capabilities significantly influence financial performance of firms if firms feel that the environmental regulations they face are flexible and offer more freedom in meeting the requirements of regulations. On the other hand, corporations that feel that they face more inflexible regulations are not so effective in improving their financial performance with their innovation capabilities.
110 citations
Authors
Showing all 3892 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Jie Zhang | 178 | 4857 | 221720 |
Oscar H. Franco | 111 | 822 | 66649 |
Timothy J. Foster | 98 | 420 | 32338 |
Christopher P. Denton | 95 | 675 | 42040 |
Ian Kimber | 91 | 620 | 28629 |
Michael J. Gidley | 86 | 420 | 24313 |
David Carling | 86 | 186 | 45066 |
Anthony Turner | 79 | 489 | 24734 |
Rhys E. Green | 78 | 285 | 30428 |
Vijay Kumar Thakur | 74 | 375 | 17719 |
Dave J. Adams | 73 | 283 | 19526 |
Naresh Magan | 72 | 400 | 17511 |
Aedin Cassidy | 70 | 218 | 17788 |
David A. Basketter | 70 | 325 | 16639 |
Richard C. Strange | 67 | 249 | 17805 |