Showing papers by "University of Bologna published in 1978"
TL;DR: In this article, the authors introduce the concept of facies analysis for the Turbidites of the northern Apennines and present a facies-based approach to the analysis.
Abstract: (1978). Turbidites of the northern Apennines: introduction to facies analysis. International Geology Review: Vol. 20, No. 2, pp. 125-166.
373 citations
115 citations
111 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a new example of a radio source showing a structure with a 180° symmetry, but not of the S form, has been found as part of a systematic study of radio galaxies of lower luminosity selected from the B2 catalogue.
Abstract: THE radio emission from most strong extragalactic sources is concentrated in a band which passes through, and is symmetrical with respect to, the associated galaxy1. This structure is sometimes modified to a V or C shape with the galaxy at the apex, as in the wide angle tail sources like 3C465 (ref. 2), and occasionally to the more extreme elongation of the tail sources such as NGC1265 (ref. 3). In a few sources an S-shaped or 180° symmetry is seen. This was first noted in the outer components of Cen A4 and a better example is 3C272.1 (refs 5, 6). Other sources where the S distortion is very clear have been found with higher resolution observations (for example Cyg A7 and 3C478). In these, the structure in question subtends a small angle from the centre and they give a strong impression of a beam type of model in which the beam has wobbled or precessed by a few degrees9. A new example of a radio source showing a structure with a 180° symmetry, but not of the S form, has been found as part of a systematic study of radio galaxies of lower luminosity selected from the B2 catalogue10. The projection of a precessing beam model seems to provide a natural explanation for this strange shape and is described here.
106 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a new source of prompt electron and muon neutrinos has been observed giving (1.2±0.4) ⋅10−7 νe or νμ per incident proton with neutrino angle smaller than 1.85 mrad and Eν≳20 GeV.
82 citations
TL;DR: This is a brief presentation of the data collected during ten years of research into the behavior of respiration, alveolar ventilation, and pulmonary and systemic arterial pressure during 1–8.
Abstract: This is a brief presentation of the data collected during ten years of research into the behavior of respiration, alveolar ventilation, and pulmonary and systemic arterial pressure during 1–8
75 citations
TL;DR: In this article, existence and multiplicity theorems for nonlinear elliptic boundary value problems with noninvertible linear parts were proved for the case in which the kernel of the linear part is unidimensional and the nonlinearity is either bounded or sublinear at infinity.
69 citations
TL;DR: With both enzymes, inhibition is stronger when phospholipid vesicles rather than mitochondrial membranes are used as the substrate, and the inhibition appears to be due to steric hindrance of enzyme-substrate interaction due to the binding of the organic polycations to the phospholIPid bilayer.
66 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the design, construction and performance of a large mass detector used at CERN to study high-energy neutrino interactions in iron, which combines magnetic spectrometry and hadron calorimetry techniques.
62 citations
57 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a magnetized iron-scintillator sandwhich calorimeter was calibrated in a hadron beam, finding an energy resolution equal to 16% fwhm at 140 GeV with 5 cm sampling.
TL;DR: Evidence for a role of cytochrome c2 in respiration of Rps.
TL;DR: Analysis of the cases demonstrated that: prostheses applied with the correct surgical technique gave satisfactory results; failures were attributable to errors of technique and indication.
Abstract: The Paltrinieri-Trentani type of resurfacing the hip has been under clinical investigation for over 6 years. The prostheses consist of a metal cap, which is fitted to the head of the femur (no amputation of the neck and the head being required) and an acetabular cup made of high density polyethylene. Matched cups and caps are available in different sizes. The biomechanical preconditions upon which this hip resurfacing is based must be understood to successfully perform the operation. The series of patients reported here were aged between 32 and 70 years. The results after 6 years are 76% successful, and typical cases rate between 5 and 6 on the Charnley Scale; 12% rated between 3 and 4; 12% were failures owing either the fracture of the neck of the femur or to loosening of the femoral prosthesis. Further analysis of the cases demonstrated that: prostheses applied with the correct surgical technique gave satisfactory results; failures were attributable to errors of technique and indication.
TL;DR: lipids are investigated as a bidimensional medium required for the movement of Coenzyme Q, a lipid-soluble cofactor of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, and as a hydrophobic environment necessary to impose the proper conformation to membrane-bound enzymic proteins to postulate a working hypothesis for the mechanism of action of general anesthetics.
Abstract: The phospholipid requirement of membrane-bound enzymes may depend on several reasons. In our laboratory we have investigated lipids (1) as a bidimensional medium required for the movement of Coenzyme Q, a lipid-soluble cofactor of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, and (2) as a hydrophobic environment necessary to impose the proper conformation to membrane-bound enzymic proteins. We have found that Coenzyme Q, once reduced by NADH dehydrogenase, must cross the inner mitochondrial membrane; only quinones having long isoprenoid side chains can easily cross phospholipid bilayers, and this is the reason why a short chain quinone such as CoQ-3 inhibits NADH oxidation. The incapability of short quinones to cross lipid bilayers is due to their disposition in the lipid bilayer, stacked within the phospholipids. The conformational role of lipids has been investigated indirectly observing the kinetics of membrane-bound enzymes, e.g. the mitochondrial ATPase, and directly by circular dichroism. Lipid removal or lipid perturbation with organic solvents induce a decrease of α-helical content in mitochondrial proteins, and give rise to a series of kinetic changes in ATPase, including uncompetitive inhibition, increased activation energy, and loss of cooperativity in oligomycin inhibition. The recognition of a conformational role of lipids has allowed us to postulate a working hypothesis for the mechanism of action of general anesthetics. Such drugs have been found by us, by means of spin labels and fluorescent probes, to disrupt lipid protein interactions in several membranes, including synaptic membranes. The loosening of such interactions is believed to induce conformational changes, which will alter ion transport systems necessary to the propagation of neural impulses. Conformational changes induced by anesthetics have been found by us both directly by circular dichroism and indirectly by enzyme kinetics. The conformational effect of anesthetics is not directly exerted on the porteins but is mediated through the lipids. In agreement with this hypothesis we have found that membrane-bound acetylcholinesterase is inhibited by anesthetics, whereas the solubilized enzyme is not inhibited. However, binding of the solubilized enzyme to phospholipids restores anesthetic inhibition.
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the rate of photophosphorylation was not unequivo-cally related to the value of Ap (nor to that of A$ or ApH), as expected if a chemiosmotic mecha- nism of coupling between the redox reactions of photosynthetic electron flow and ATP synthesis operates.
TL;DR: With the experiments to be described in this paper modeccin was purified to homogeneity from the roots of Modecca digitatg and observed that tbds toxin is indeed a powerfid inhibitor of protein synthesis in cells and in a celli-free system.
TL;DR: The results indicate that in osteonic lamellar bone there are two types of inorganic particles: very long crystallites, which grow with their crystallographicc-axis parallel to the collagen fibrils and cover much more than a major collagen period.
Abstract: To obtain information on the changes in the inorganic bone fraction during calcification, low- and wide-angle X-ray diffraction techniques and electron microscopy have been applied to single osteon samples. The samples were cylindrically shaped and their axes corresponded to the axes of the Haversian canals. The selection was made according to the degree of calcification and the orientation of collagen bundles and inorganic particles. Osteons at both the initial and final stages of calcification were chosen. Arrangements of fiber bundles and inorganic particles in successive lamellae characteristic of three types of osteon were selected, that is, longitudinally structured osteons, transversely structured osteons, and alternately structured osteons. The results indicate that in osteonic lamellar bone there are two types of inorganic particles: (1) granules arranged in linear or needle-shaped entities with maximum width 40–45 A, which are regularly distributed at the level of the main band of the collagen fibrils where their maximum length reaches the length of the main band itself; that is, about 400 A; and (2) very long crystallites, with a diameter of 40–45 A, which grow with their crystallographicc-axis parallel to the collagen fibrils and cover much more than a major collagen period.
TL;DR: It is suggested that dopamine may stimulate the motor function of human large bowel through specific receptors via specific receptors.
Abstract: The effect of dopamine on human sigmoid motility has been studied in 26 subjects. To record mechanical activity of the sigmoid colon, two small, air-filled balloons mounted on a probe introduced through a sigmoidoscope were used. The recordings were made at a distance of 25 and 15 cm from the anal edge. Dopamine was infused for 10 min after a 30-min control infusion of physiologic solution. Mean amplitude, mean duration, mean frequency, percentage of motor activity, and motility index of the pressure waves were determined. The motor response to dopamine was characterized by an increased baseline pressure with phasic waves superimposed. Dopamine produced a significant response at the dose of 5 μg/kg/min. Alpha and beta antagonizing agents failed to oppose the effect of dopamine, while anticholinergic drugs enhanced its motor action. These studies suggest that dopamine may stimulate the motor function of human large bowel through specific receptors.
TL;DR: A 16‐year‐old girl, previously in good health, developed progressive generalized muscle weakness following her first parturition, and her illness emphasizes the risk of pregnancy in women with carnitine deficiency.
Abstract: A 16-year-old girl, previously in good health, developed progressive generalized muscle weakness following her first parturition. The neck and proximal limb muscles were especially weak and painful. Carnitine (4-trimethylamino-3-hydroxybutyrate) was markedly decreased in muscle, plasma, and urine. Dietary carnitine supplementation, 2.0 gm daily, was followed by clinical improvement and decreased lipid droplets in muscle biopsy. Together with previously reported cases, 2 fatal, the patient's illness emphasizes the risk of pregnancy in women with carnitine deficiency.
TL;DR: It is reported here that PGE2 inhibits PGI2 biosynthesis in rat liver endothelial cells, probably by increasing cyclic AMP levels.
Abstract: PROSTACYCLIN (PGI2), a member of the prostaglandin family first identified in blood vessel preparations1–3, has been shown to be produced by the heart4,5 and placenta6. More recently, PGI2 biosynthesis has been demonstrated in cultured endothelial cells incubated with arachidonate. Thus, it seems that endothelial cells not only in the blood vessels of the systemic circulation, but, as expected, also in the organ vasculature, are capable of producing PGI2. Studies of the mechanism of action of prostaglandins in the liver have indicated an action of PGE2 exerted exclusively on cyclic AMP levels of non-parenchymal (endothelial-rich) cells9. It was proposed that PGE2 may behave as an intercellular messenger that, once produced by parenchymal cells, would act on sinusoidal cells by increasing cyclic AMP levels10,11. We report here that PGE2 inhibits PGI2 biosynthesis in rat liver endothelial cells, probably by increasing cyclic AMP levels.
TL;DR: A primary oat-cell carcinoma of the larynx in a 63-year-old man is reported, which appeared intermingled at one edge with a squamous carcinoma.
Abstract: A primary oat-cell carcinoma of the larynx in a 63-year-old man is reported The oat-cell pattern appeared intermingled at one edge with a squamous carcinoma The origin of this mixed tumour is considered together with the literature of extrapulmonary carcinomas having an oat-cell pattern
TL;DR: It is suggested that putrescine arises by such reversal of the pathways of spermidine and spermine biosynthesis, and this hypothesis does not exclude processes of direct transamination from polyamines to α-ketoacids.
Abstract: SUMMARY
Putrescine, spermidine, spermine have been tested for their ability to substitute for inorganic nitrogen for the growth of explants from dormant tubers of Helianthus tuberosus. Explants grew as well on putrescine + indole acetic acid (IAA) as on nitrate + IAA or gluta-mine + IAA but no growth occurred with spermine + IAA and an intermediate growth effect was observed in explants grown on spermidine + IAA, although this last result was not confirmed in tubers of different years. Growth increments have been related to pH variation in culture medium. Radioactive polyamines were transformed by the tuber explants to arginine and glutamine.
The presence of radioactive putrescine after [1,4-14C] spermidine feeding to explants grown on spermidine + IAA, as well as the presence of large amounts of spermidine in explants grown on spermine + IAA, indicate a reversal of the pathways of spermidine and spermine biosynthesis. We suggest that putrescine arises by such reversal. This hypothesis does not exclude processes of direct transamination from polyamines to α-ketoacids.
TL;DR: For the first time in Arthropoda, yolk globules are reported to be present in nurse cell cytoplasm; these globules arise from the smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
Abstract: The first stages of the oogenesis of Triops cancriformis have been studied. At the outset the oocyte is smaller than the nurse cells. Meiosis begins with typical synaptonemal complexes. The significance of these complexes and of some other peculiar structures of germ cells, i.e., pore complexes and annuli within the nucleus, and annulate lamellae within the cytoplasm are discussed. The morphofunctional uniformity of some cytoplasmic structures (annulate lamellae, concentrically arranged ER, and yolk globules) in the oocyte as well as its nurse cells is also discussed.
TL;DR: In this article, an analytical i.g.F.T. model including drift and diffusion currents along the channel is developed, which is essentially equivalent to the doubleintegral formula by Pao and Sah, which provides correct results both in weak and in strong inversion.
Abstract: An analytical i.g.f.e.t. model including drift and diffusion currents along the channel is developed. The theory, which is based on a gradual-channel approximation, is essentially equivalent to the double-integral formula by Pao and Sah, which provides correct results both in weak and in strong inversion. I.G.F.E.T. characteristics such as drain current, transconductance and output conductance are analytically expressed against the surface potential at the source and drain edges of the channel, which can be numerically evaluated in a few iterative steps. The model therefore seems suitable for c.a.d. applications.
TL;DR: The effects of general anesthetics on lipid fluidity of phospholipid vesicles and mitochondrial membranes and on the kinetics of mitochondrial ATPase, a lipid-requiring enzyme are investigated.
TL;DR: In this article, an integral formulation of the Helmboltz equation is numerically tested on the problem of the wave-induced oscillations in harbours of variable depth, and the results obtained for this problem show that the volume of the harbour basin, when the bottom is varied, is of primary importance.
TL;DR: The role that animals play in the epidemiology of human mycoses is discussed here and the possible role in determining human pathology has become an emerging problem for which new data are accumulating both on pathogenic fungi and mycotoxins.
Abstract: The role that animals play in the epidemiology of human mycoses is discussed here. It can be divided as follows: Animals as vectors of mycoses — This role is especially important as far as dermatophytozoonoses are concerned, these being of both the urban type, mainly due to Microsporum canis, and of the rural type, mainly due to Trichophyton verrucosum. These dermatophytozoonoses are emerging problems in present, modern pathology, especially in urban areas. These conditions may also be responsible for important occupational diseases for livestock, rabbit and laboratory attendants. Both domestic animals and wildlife are often asymptomatic carriers. Animal substrates as growths factor for pathogenic fungi — The fact that bird or bat feces may contain factors that favour the growth of some fungous organisms in the environment has long been recognized. It is established fact that soil ‘animalization’ (i.e., the addition of such debris as hair, skin scales, droppings and other organic matters) create an environmental medium suitable for the growth of geophilic fungi such as Histoplasma capsulatum, Cryptococcus neoformans and M. gypseum. Possible role of animals in the recycling of fungi from foodstuffs and environment — The possible role of animals in determining human pathology has become an emerging problem for which new data are accumulating both on pathogenic fungi and mycotoxins. The use of animals in monitoring mycoses — Animals may reveal the presence of a pathogen in a given area. This phenomenon has been exploited to monitor the natural occurrence of various mycoses (e.g., coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, dermatomycoses) in different regions. The use of ‘sentinel animals’ (i.e., the introduction of susceptible animals in certain environments to detect the presence of a pathogen) has not been duly exploited.
TL;DR: The charge distribution of 58 Ni has been calculated by summing the squares of the proton wave functions in a one-body non-local potential whose parameters were adjusted to give the experimental centroid energies.
TL;DR: The FORTRAN implementation of an efficient algorithm which solves the 0–1 single knapsack problem is given and results are presented, showing the proposed method to be generally superior to the best known algorithms.
Abstract: The FORTRAN implementation of an efficient algorithm which solves the 0–1 single knapsack problem is given. Computational results are presented, showing the proposed method to be generally superior to the best known algorithms.
TL;DR: For instance, this article found that the development of information processing in children is largely restricted to the process of response selection within a 4-stage decomposition of RT, and that girls consistently exhibited both faster RTs and higher rates of gain of information than boys.