Institution
University of Bordeaux
Education•Bordeaux, France•
About: University of Bordeaux is a education organization based out in Bordeaux, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Laser. The organization has 28811 authors who have published 55536 publications receiving 1619635 citations. The organization is also known as: UB.
Topics: Population, Laser, Context (language use), Raman spectroscopy, Medicine
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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Los Alamos National Laboratory1, National Center for Atmospheric Research2, University of Bordeaux3, Duke University4, University of Helsinki5, University at Buffalo6, University of Utah7, University of New Mexico8, University of Arizona9, University of Edinburgh10, Institut national de la recherche agronomique11, Colorado State University12, United States Forest Service13, Oregon State University14, Sonora Institute of Technology15
TL;DR: It is suggested that for some ecosystems, integration of mechanistic pathogen models into current vegetation models, and evaluation against observations, could result in a breakthrough capability to simulate vegetation dynamics.
Abstract: 'Summary' 305
I. 'Background' 305
II. 'Model–experiment approach' 306
III. 'Simulations of hydraulic failure and carbon starvation' 310
IV. 'On thresholds vs duration of stress as drivers of mortality' 311
V. 'Interdependence of hydraulic failure and carbon starvation' 314
VI. 'Next-generation, traditional, and empirical models' 316
VII. 'A path forward' 317
VIII. 'Conclusions' 318
'Acknowledgements' 318
References 318
Summary
Model–data comparisons of plant physiological processes provide an understanding of mechanisms underlying vegetation responses to climate. We simulated the physiology of a pinon pine–juniper woodland (Pinus edulis–Juniperus monosperma) that experienced mortality during a 5 yr precipitation-reduction experiment, allowing a framework with which to examine our knowledge of drought-induced tree mortality. We used six models designed for scales ranging from individual plants to a global level, all containing state-of-the-art representations of the internal hydraulic and carbohydrate dynamics of woody plants. Despite the large range of model structures, tuning, and parameterization employed, all simulations predicted hydraulic failure and carbon starvation processes co-occurring in dying trees of both species, with the time spent with severe hydraulic failure and carbon starvation, rather than absolute thresholds per se, being a better predictor of impending mortality. Model and empirical data suggest that limited carbon and water exchanges at stomatal, phloem, and below-ground interfaces were associated with mortality of both species. The model–data comparison suggests that the introduction of a mechanistic process into physiology-based models provides equal or improved predictive power over traditional process-model or empirical thresholds. Both biophysical and empirical modeling approaches are useful in understanding processes, particularly when the models fail, because they reveal mechanisms that are likely to underlie mortality. We suggest that for some ecosystems, integration of mechanistic pathogen models into current vegetation models, and evaluation against observations, could result in a breakthrough capability to simulate vegetation dynamics.
362 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used the method of adiabatic following to prepare a single molecule in its fluorescing excited state, and showed that up to 74% of the sweeps lead to the emission of a single photon.
Abstract: We use the method of adiabatic following to prepare a single molecule in its fluorescing excited state. Spontaneous emission from this state gives rise to a single photon. With our current experimental conditions, up to 74% of the sweeps lead to the emission of a single photon. Since the adiabatic passage is done on command, the molecule performs as a high rate source of triggered photons. The experimental results are in quantitative agreement with quantum Monte Carlo simulations.
361 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared the 13C/12C ratios of Upper Holocene benthic foraminiferal tests (genera Cibicides and Uvigerina) of deep sea cores from various world ocean basins.
361 citations
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01 Jan 2004TL;DR: The research by the information visualization community (“Info Viz”) shows clearly that using a visual representation of data-sets enables faster analysis by the end users.
Abstract: The research by the information visualization community (“Info Viz”) shows clearly that using a visual representation of data-sets enables faster analysis by the end users. Several scientific reasons explain these results. First of all, the visual perception system is the most powerful of all the human perception systems. In the human brain, 70% of the receptors and 40% of the cortex are used for the vision process [27,34]. Furthermore, human beings are better at “recognition” tasks than at “memorization” tasks [10]. This implies that textual representations are less efficient than visual metaphors when one wants to analyze huge data-sets. This comes from the fact that reading is both a memorization task and a recognition task.
361 citations
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University of Bordeaux1, Centre national de la recherche scientifique2, Simón Bolívar University3, University of Wollongong4, Metz5, Institut de radioprotection et de sûreté nucléaire6, Hampton University7, Karolinska Institutet8, European Space Research and Technology Centre9, Niels Bohr Institute10
TL;DR: An overview of the whole on-going Geant4-DNA project is presented, including its most recent developments that are available in the Geant 4 toolkit since December 2009, as well as an illustration example simulating the direct irradiation of a biological chromatin fiber.
Abstract: The Geant4-DNA project proposes to develop an open-source simulation software based and fully included in the general-purpose Geant4 Monte-Carlo simulation toolkit. The main objective of this software is to simulate biological damages induced by ionizing radiations at the cellular and sub-cellular scale. This project was originally initiated by the European Space Agency for the prediction of the deleterious effects of radiations that may affect astronauts during future long duration space exploration missions. In this paper, the Geant4-DNA collaboration presents an overview of the whole on-going project, including its most recent developments that are available in the Geant4 toolkit since December 2009 (release 9.3), as well as an illustration example simulating the direct irradiation of a biological chromatin fiber. Expected extensions involving several research domains, such as particle physics, chemistry and cellular and molecular biology, within a fully interdisciplinary activity of the Geant4 collaboration are also discussed.
360 citations
Authors
Showing all 28995 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Nicholas G. Martin | 192 | 1770 | 161952 |
George F. Koob | 171 | 935 | 112521 |
Daniel J. Jacob | 162 | 656 | 76530 |
Arthur W. Toga | 159 | 1184 | 109343 |
James M. Tour | 143 | 859 | 91364 |
Floyd E. Bloom | 139 | 616 | 72641 |
Herbert Y. Meltzer | 137 | 1148 | 81371 |
Jean-Marie Tarascon | 136 | 853 | 137673 |
Stanley Nattel | 132 | 778 | 65700 |
Michel Haïssaguerre | 117 | 757 | 62284 |
Liquan Chen | 111 | 689 | 44229 |
Marion Leboyer | 110 | 773 | 50767 |
Jean-François Dartigues | 106 | 631 | 46682 |
Alexa S. Beiser | 106 | 366 | 47457 |
Robert Dantzer | 105 | 497 | 46554 |