University of Bordeaux

About: University of Bordeaux is a education organization based out in Bordeaux, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Laser. The organization has 28811 authors who have published 55536 publications receiving 1619635 citations. The organization is also known as: UB.

The complete genome sequence of the murine respiratory pathogen Mycoplasma pulmonis.

Abstract: Mycoplasma pulmonis is a wall-less eubacterium belonging to the Mollicutes (trivial name, mycoplasmas) and responsible for murine respiratory diseases. The genome of strain UAB CTIP is composed of a single circular 963 879 bp chromosome with a G + C content of 26.6 mol%, i.e. the lowest reported among bacteria, Ureaplasma urealyticum apart. This genome contains 782 putative coding sequences (CDSs) covering 91.4% of its length and a function could be assigned to 486 CDSs whilst 92 matched the gene sequences of hypothetical proteins, leaving 204 CDSs without significant database match. The genome contains a single set of rRNA genes and only 29 tRNAs genes. The replication origin oriC was localized by sequence analysis and by using the G + C skew method. Sequence polymorphisms within stretches of repeated nucleotides generate phase-variable protein antigens whilst a recombinase gene is likely to catalyse the site-specific DNA inversions in major M.pulmonis surface antigens. Furthermore, a hemolysin, secreted nucleases and a glyco-protease are predicted virulence factors. Surprisingly, several of the genes previously reported to be essential for a self-replicating minimal cell are missing in the M.pulmonis genome although this one is larger than the other mycoplasma genomes fully sequenced until now.

Gender and incidence of dementia in the Framingham Heart Study from mid-adult life

Abstract: Background Gender-specific risks for dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) starting in midlife remain largely unknown. Methods Prospectively ascertained dementia/AD and cause-specific mortality in Framingham Heart Study (FHS) participants was used to generate 10- to 50-year risk estimates of dementia/AD on the basis of the Kaplan–Meier method (cumulative incidence) or accounting for competing risk of death (lifetime risk [LTR]). Results Overall, 777 cases of incident dementia (601 AD) occurred in 7901 participants (4333 women) over 136,266 person-years. Whereas cumulative incidences were similar in women and men, LTRs were higher in women older than 85 years of age. LTR of dementia/AD at age 45 was 1 in 5 in women and 1 in 10 in men. Cardiovascular mortality was higher in men with rate ratios decreasing from approximately 6 at 45 to 54 years of age to less than 2 after age 65. Conclusion Selective survival of men with a healthier cardiovascular risk profile and hence lower propensity to dementia might partly explain the higher LTR of dementia/AD in women.

Safety, tolerability, and antibody response of active Aβ immunotherapy with CAD106 in patients with Alzheimer's disease: randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, first-in-human study

Abstract: Summary Background Immunotherapy targeting the amyloid β (Aβ) peptide is a potential strategy to slow the progression of Alzheimer's disease We aimed to assess the safety and tolerability of CAD106, a novel active Aβ immunotherapy for patients with Alzheimer's disease, designed to induce N-terminal Aβ-specific antibodies without an Aβ-specific T-cell response Methods We did a phase 1, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 52-week study in two centres in Sweden Participants, aged 50–80 years, with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease were entered into one of two cohorts according to time of study entry and then randomly allocated (by use of a computer-generated randomisation sequence) to receive either CAD106 or placebo (4:1; cohort one received CAD106 50 μg or placebo, cohort two received CAD106 150 μg or placebo) Each patient received three subcutaneous injections All patients, caregivers, and investigators were masked to treatment allocation throughout the study Primary objectives were to assess the safety and tolerability of CAD106 and to identify the Aβ-specific antibody response Safety assessment was done by recording of all adverse events, assessment of MRI scans, physical and neurological examinations, vital signs, electrocardiography, electroencephalography, and laboratory analysis of blood and CSF Patients with Aβ-IgG serum titres higher than 16 units at least once during the study were classified as responders This study is registered with ClinicalTrialsgov, number NCT00411580 Findings Between August, 2005, and March, 2007, we randomly allocated 31 patients into cohort one (24 patients to CAD106 treatment and seven to placebo) and 27 patients into cohort two (22 patients to CAD106 treatment and five to placebo) 56 of 58 patients reported adverse events In cohort one, nasopharyngitis was the most commonly reported adverse event (10 of 24 CAD106-treated patients) In cohort two, injection site erythema was the most commonly reported adverse event (14 of 22 CAD106-treated patients) Overall, nine patients reported serious adverse events—none was thought to be related to the study drug We recorded no clinical or subclinical cases of meningoencephalitis 16 of 24 (67%) CAD106-treated patients in cohort one and 18 of 22 (82%) in cohort two developed Aβ antibody response meeting pre-specified responder threshold One of 12 placebo-treated patients (8%) had Aβ-IgG concentrations that qualified them as a responder Interpretation Our findings suggest that CAD106 has a favourable safety profile and acceptable antibody response in patients with Alzheimer's disease Larger trials with additional dose investigations are needed to confirm the safety and establish the efficacy of CAD106 Funding Novartis Pharma AG

Transport in ordered and disordered porous media. II: Generalized volume averaging

Abstract: In this paper we develop the averaged form of the Stokes equations in terms of weighting functions. The analysis clearly indicates at what point one must choose a media-specific weighting function in order to achieve spatially smoothed transport equations. The form of the weighting function that produces the cellular average is derived, and some important geometrical theorems are presented.