scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Institution

University of Bremen

EducationBremen, Germany
About: University of Bremen is a education organization based out in Bremen, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Glacial period. The organization has 14563 authors who have published 37279 publications receiving 970381 citations. The organization is also known as: Universität Bremen.


Papers
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: MST1 is identified as a proapoptotic kinase and key mediator of apoptotic signaling and beta cell dysfunction and suggested that it may serve as target for the development of new therapies for diabetes.
Abstract: Apoptotic cell death is a hallmark of the loss of insulin-producing beta cells in all forms of diabetes mellitus. Current treatments fail to halt the decline in functional beta cell mass, and strategies to prevent beta cell apoptosis and dysfunction are urgently needed. Here, we identified mammalian sterile 20–like kinase-1 (MST1) as a critical regulator of apoptotic beta cell death and function. Under diabetogenic conditions, MST1 was strongly activated in beta cells in human and mouse islets and specifically induced the mitochondrial-dependent pathway of apoptosis through upregulation of the BCL-2 homology-3 (BH3)-only protein BIM. MST1 directly phosphorylated the beta cell transcription factor PDX1 at T11, resulting in the latter’s ubiquitination and degradation and thus in impaired insulin secretion. MST1 deficiency completely restored normoglycemia, beta cell function and survival in vitro and in vivo. We show MST1 as a proapoptotic kinase and key mediator of apoptotic signaling and beta cell dysfunction and suggest that it may serve as target for the development of new therapies for diabetes.

180 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The history of the Late Weichselian northwestern Barents Shelf, including western Svalbard, has been investigated by provenance/sedimentologist studies of five cores.

180 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a rotating disk technique was used to investigate the effect of the DBL on the dissolution rates of CaCO 3, which allowed an exact adjustment of the thickness of the diffusion boundary layer by controlling the rotation speed of a circular sample of Ca CO 3.

180 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
12 May 2016-Nature
TL;DR: Palaeoclimatic evidence of monsoon rainfall dynamics across different regions and timescales could help to understand and predict the sensitivity and response of monsoons to various forcing mechanisms.
Abstract: Monsoons are the dominant seasonal mode of climate variability in the tropics and are critically important conveyors of atmospheric moisture and energy at a global scale. Predicting monsoons, which have profound impacts on regions that are collectively home to more than 70 per cent of Earth's population, is a challenge that is difficult to overcome by relying on instrumental data from only the past few decades. Palaeoclimatic evidence of monsoon rainfall dynamics across different regions and timescales could help us to understand and predict the sensitivity and response of monsoons to various forcing mechanisms. This evidence suggests that monsoon systems exhibit substantial regional character.

180 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present results from ice flow model simulations from 13 international groups focusing on the evolution of the Antarctic ice sheet during the period 2015-2100 as part of the Ice Sheet Model Comparison for CMIP6 (ISMIP6).
Abstract: . Ice flow models of the Antarctic ice sheet are commonly used to simulate its future evolution in response to different climate scenarios and assess the mass loss that would contribute to future sea level rise. However, there is currently no consensus on estimates of the future mass balance of the ice sheet, primarily because of differences in the representation of physical processes, forcings employed and initial states of ice sheet models. This study presents results from ice flow model simulations from 13 international groups focusing on the evolution of the Antarctic ice sheet during the period 2015–2100 as part of the Ice Sheet Model Intercomparison for CMIP6 (ISMIP6). They are forced with outputs from a subset of models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5), representative of the spread in climate model results. Simulations of the Antarctic ice sheet contribution to sea level rise in response to increased warming during this period varies between −7.8 and 30.0 cm of sea level equivalent (SLE) under Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5 scenario forcing. These numbers are relative to a control experiment with constant climate conditions and should therefore be added to the mass loss contribution under climate conditions similar to present-day conditions over the same period. The simulated evolution of the West Antarctic ice sheet varies widely among models, with an overall mass loss, up to 18.0 cm SLE, in response to changes in oceanic conditions. East Antarctica mass change varies between −6.1 and 8.3 cm SLE in the simulations, with a significant increase in surface mass balance outweighing the increased ice discharge under most RCP 8.5 scenario forcings. The inclusion of ice shelf collapse, here assumed to be caused by large amounts of liquid water ponding at the surface of ice shelves, yields an additional simulated mass loss of 28 mm compared to simulations without ice shelf collapse. The largest sources of uncertainty come from the climate forcing, the ocean-induced melt rates, the calibration of these melt rates based on oceanic conditions taken outside of ice shelf cavities and the ice sheet dynamic response to these oceanic changes. Results under RCP 2.6 scenario based on two CMIP5 climate models show an additional mass loss of 0 and 3 cm of SLE on average compared to simulations done under present-day conditions for the two CMIP5 forcings used and display limited mass gain in East Antarctica.

180 citations


Authors

Showing all 14961 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Roger Y. Tsien163441138267
Klaus-Robert Müller12976479391
Ron Kikinis12668463398
Ulrich S. Schubert122222985604
Andreas Richter11076948262
Michael Böhm10875566103
Juan Bisquert10745046267
John P. Sumpter10126646184
Jos Lelieveld10057037657
Michael Schulz10075950719
Peter Singer9470237128
Charles R. Tyler9232531724
John P. Burrows9081536169
Hans-Peter Kriegel8944473932
Harald Haas8575034927
Network Information
Related Institutions (5)
ETH Zurich
122.4K papers, 5.1M citations

93% related

University of Hamburg
89.2K papers, 2.8M citations

92% related

Centre national de la recherche scientifique
382.4K papers, 13.6M citations

92% related

Technische Universität München
123.4K papers, 4M citations

91% related

École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
98.2K papers, 4.3M citations

91% related

Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023343
2022709
20212,106
20202,309
20192,191
20181,965