Institution
University of British Columbia
Education•Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada•
About: University of British Columbia is a education organization based out in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 89939 authors who have published 209679 publications receiving 9226862 citations. The organization is also known as: UBC & The University of British Columbia.
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834 citations
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Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center1, University of Minnesota2, Medical College of Wisconsin3, University of Utah4, University of Texas at Austin5, University of California, Los Angeles6, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center7, University of Kentucky8, Gulf Coast Regional Blood Center9, University of British Columbia10, Stanford University11
TL;DR: The National Marrow Donor Program has benefited a substantial number of patients in need of marrow transplants from closely HLA-matched unrelated donors and has facilitated the recruitment of unrelated donors into the donor pool and the access to suitable marrow.
Abstract: Background and Methods Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation is curative in a substantial number of patients with hematologic cancers, marrow-failure disorders, immunodeficiency syndromes, and certain metabolic diseases. Unfortunately, only 25 to 30 percent of potential recipients have HLA-identical siblings who can act as donors. In 1986 the National Marrow Donor Program was created in the United States to facilitate the finding and procurement of suitable marrow from unrelated donors for patients lacking related donors. Results During the first four years of the program, 462 patients with acquired and congenital lymphohematopoietic disorders or metabolic diseases received marrow transplants from unrelated donors. The probability of engraftment by 100 days after transplantation was 94 percent, although 8 percent of patients later had secondary graft failure. The probability of grade II, III, or IV acute graft-versus-host disease was 64 percent, and the probability of chronic graft-versus-host disease at...
833 citations
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McMaster University1, Dalhousie University2, University of Calgary3, Charité4, Kaiser Permanente5, University of Auckland6, Matsumoto Dental University7, University of California, Los Angeles8, University of Florence9, University of Alberta10, University of Sheffield11, University of Toronto12, McGill University13, Jordan Hospital14, University of Southampton15, University of Oxford16, University of Alabama at Birmingham17, Medical University of Graz18, Aarhus University19, University of Victoria20, University of British Columbia21, University of Oulu22, International Osteoporosis Foundation23, King Saud University24, Laval University25, University of Cambridge26
TL;DR: In those patients at high risk for the development of ONJ, including cancer patients receiving high‐dose BP or Dmab therapy, consideration should be given to withholding antiresorptive therapy following extensive oral surgery until the surgical site heals with mature mucosal coverage.
Abstract: This work provides a systematic review of the literature from January 2003 to April 2014 pertaining to the incidence, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ), and offers recommendations for its management based on multidisciplinary international consensus. ONJ is associated with oncology-dose parenteral antiresorptive therapy of bisphosphonates (BP) and denosumab (Dmab). The incidence of ONJ is greatest in the oncology patient population (1% to 15%), where high doses of these medications are used at frequent intervals. In the osteoporosis patient population, the incidence of ONJ is estimated at 0.001% to 0.01%, marginally higher than the incidence in the general population (<0.001%). New insights into the pathophysiology of ONJ include antiresorptive effects of BPs and Dmab, effects of BPs on gamma delta T-cells and on monocyte and macrophage function, as well as the role of local bacterial infection, inflammation, and necrosis. Advances in imaging include the use of cone beam computerized tomography assessing cortical and cancellous architecture with lower radiation exposure, magnetic resonance imaging, bone scanning, and positron emission tomography, although plain films often suffice. Other risk factors for ONJ include glucocorticoid use, maxillary or mandibular bone surgery, poor oral hygiene, chronic inflammation, diabetes mellitus, ill-fitting dentures, as well as other drugs, including antiangiogenic agents. Prevention strategies for ONJ include elimination or stabilization of oral disease prior to initiation of antiresorptive agents, as well as maintenance of good oral hygiene. In those patients at high risk for the development of ONJ, including cancer patients receiving high-dose BP or Dmab therapy, consideration should be given to withholding antiresorptive therapy following extensive oral surgery until the surgical site heals with mature mucosal coverage. Management of ONJ is based on the stage of the disease, size of the lesions, and the presence of contributing drug therapy and comorbidity. Conservative therapy includes topical antibiotic oral rinses and systemic antibiotic therapy. Localized surgical debridement is indicated in advanced nonresponsive disease and has been successful. Early data have suggested enhanced osseous wound healing with teriparatide in those without contraindications for its use. Experimental therapy includes bone marrow stem cell intralesional transplantation, low-level laser therapy, local platelet-derived growth factor application, hyperbaric oxygen, and tissue grafting.
832 citations
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TL;DR: Adalimumab, a fully human tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antagonist, is an effective treatment for patients with Crohn disease who are naive to the chimeric TNF antagonist, infliximab as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: BACKGROUND Adalimumab, a fully human tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antagonist, is an effective treatment for patients with Crohn disease who are naive to the chimeric TNF antagonist, infliximab. No anti-TNF agent has been evaluated prospectively in patients with Crohn disease who had responded to another anti-TNF agent and then lost that response or were intolerant of the agent. OBJECTIVE To determine whether adalimumab induces remissions more frequently than placebo in adult patients with Crohn disease who have symptoms despite infliximab therapy or who cannot take infliximab because of adverse events. DESIGN 4-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (November 2004 to December 2005). SETTING 52 sites in the United States, Canada, and Europe. PATIENTS 325 adults 18 to 75 years of age who had a history of Crohn disease for 4 months or more that was moderate to severe at baseline (Crohn's Disease Activity Index [CDAI] score, 220 to 450 points). INTERVENTION Patients were randomly assigned to receive induction doses of adalimumab, 160 mg and 80 mg, at weeks 0 and 2, respectively, or placebo at the same time points. MEASUREMENTS The primary end point was induction of remission at week 4. Decreases in CDAI score by 70 or more and 100 or more points (secondary end points) were also measured. RESULTS A total of 301 patients completed the trial. Twenty-one percent (34 of 159) of patients in the adalimumab group versus 7% (12 of 166) of those in the placebo group achieved remission at week 4 (P < 0.001). The absolute difference in clinical remission rates was 14.2 percentage points (95% CI, 6.7 to 21.6 percentage points). A 70-point response occurred at week 4 in 52% (82 of 159) of patients in the adalimumab group versus 34% (56 of 166) of patients in the placebo group (P = 0.001). The absolute difference in 70-point response rates was 17.8 percentage points (CI, 7.3 to 28.4 percentage points). Two of 159 patients in the adalimumab group and 4 of 166 patients in the placebo group discontinued treatment because of adverse events. No patients in the adalimumab group and 4 of 166 patients in the placebo group had a serious infection. LIMITATIONS The trial did not directly compare alternative active treatments and did not evaluate maintenance of response or long-term immunogenicity of adalimumab. CONCLUSION Adalimumab induces remissions more frequently than placebo in adult patients with Crohn disease who cannot tolerate infliximab or have symptoms despite receiving infliximab therapy. For more information on adalimumab in Crohn disease, click here. ClinicalTrials.gov registration number: NCT00105300.
831 citations
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TL;DR: Biochemical-genetic and genomic approaches in Arabidopsis thaliana promise to be particularly useful in identifying and characterizing gene products involved in wax biosynthesis, secretion and function, and the current review will, therefore, focus onArabidopsis as a model for studying these processes.
831 citations
Authors
Showing all 90682 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Gordon H. Guyatt | 231 | 1620 | 228631 |
John C. Morris | 183 | 1441 | 168413 |
Douglas Scott | 178 | 1111 | 185229 |
John R. Yates | 177 | 1036 | 129029 |
Deborah J. Cook | 173 | 907 | 148928 |
Richard A. Gibbs | 172 | 889 | 249708 |
Evan E. Eichler | 170 | 567 | 150409 |
James F. Sallis | 169 | 825 | 144836 |
Michael Snyder | 169 | 840 | 130225 |
Jiawei Han | 168 | 1233 | 143427 |
Michael Kramer | 167 | 1713 | 127224 |
Bruce L. Miller | 163 | 1153 | 115975 |
Peter A. R. Ade | 162 | 1387 | 138051 |
Marc W. Kirschner | 162 | 457 | 102145 |
Kaj Blennow | 160 | 1845 | 116237 |