University of Buenos Aires

About: University of Buenos Aires is a education organization based out in Buenos Aires, Argentina. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Large Hadron Collider. The organization has 29353 authors who have published 50947 publications receiving 1086007 citations. The organization is also known as: Universidad de Buenos Aires.

Integral geometry and geometric probability

Abstract: Part I. Integral Geometry in the Plane: 1. Convex sets in the plane 2. Sets of points and Poisson processes in the plane 3. Sets of lines in the plane 4. Pairs of points and pairs of lines 5. Sets of strips in the plane 6. The group of motions in the plane: kinematic density 7. Fundamental formulas of Poincare and Blaschke 8. Lattices of figures Part II. General Integral Geometry: 9. Differential forms and Lie groups 10. Density and measure in homogenous spaces 11. The affine groups 12. The group of motions in En Part III. Integral Geometry in En: 13. Convex sets in En 14. Linear subspaces, convex sets and compact manifolds 15. The kinematic density in En 16. Geometric and statistical applications: stereology Part IV. Integral Geometry in Spaces of Constant Curvature: 17. Noneuclidean integral geometry 18. Crofton's formulas and the kinematic fundamental formula in noneuclidean spaces 19. Integral geometry and foliated spaces: trends in integral geometry.

Maximum rooting depth of vegetation types at the global scale.

Abstract: The depth at which plants are able to grow roots has important implications for the whole ecosystem hydrological balance, as well as for carbon and nutrient cycling. Here we summarize what we know about the maximum rooting depth of species belonging to the major terrestrial biomes. We found 290 observations of maximum rooting depth in the literature which covered 253 woody and herbaceous species. Maximum rooting depth ranged from 0.3 m for some tundra species to 68 m for Boscia albitrunca in the central Kalahari; 194 species had roots at least 2 m deep, 50 species had roots at a depth of 5 m or more, and 22 species had roots as deep as 10 m or more. The average for the globe was 4.6±0.5 m. Maximum rooting depth by biome was 2.0±0.3 m for boreal forest. 2.1±0.2 m for cropland, 9.5±2.4 m for desert, 5.2±0.8 m for sclerophyllous shrubland and forest, 3.9±0.4 m for temperate coniferous forest, 2.9±0.2 m for temperate deciduous forest, 2.6±0.2 m for temperate grassland, 3.7±0.5 m for tropical deciduous forest, 7.3±2.8 m for tropical evergreen forest, 15.0±5.4 m for tropical grassland/savanna, and 0.5±0.1 m for tundra. Grouping all the species across biomes (except croplands) by three basic functional groups: trees, shrubs, and herbaceous plants, the maximum rooting depth was 7.0±1.2 m for trees, 5.1±0.8 m for shrubs, and 2.6±0.1 m for herbaceous plants. These data show that deep root habits are quite common in woody and herbaceous species across most of the terrestrial biomes, far deeper than the traditional view has held up to now. This finding has important implications for a better understanding of ecosystem function and its application in developing ecosystem models.

Immunosuppressive Strategies that are Mediated by Tumor Cells

Abstract: Despite major advances in understanding the mechanisms leading to tumor immunity, a number of obstacles hinder the successful translation of mechanistic insights into effective tumor immunotherapy. Such obstacles include the ability of tumors to foster a tolerant microenvironment and the activation of a plethora of immunosuppressive mechanisms, which may act in concert to counteract effective immune responses. Here we discuss different strategies employed by tumors to thwart immune responses, including tumor-induced impairment of antigen presentation, the activation of negative costimulatory signals, and the elaboration of immunosuppressive factors. In addition, we underscore the influence of regulatory cell populations that may contribute to this immunosuppressive network; these include regulatory T cells, natural killer T cells, and distinct subsets of immature and mature dendritic cells. The current wealth of preclinical information promises a future scenario in which the synchronized blockade of immunosuppressive mechanisms may be effective in combination with other conventional strategies to overcome immunological tolerance and promote tumor regression.