University of California

About: University of California is a education organization based out in Oakland, California, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Layer (electronics). The organization has 55175 authors who have published 52933 publications receiving 1491169 citations. The organization is also known as: UC & University of California System.

Listing All Maximal Cliques in Sparse Graphs in Near-optimal Time

Abstract: The degeneracy of an $n$-vertex graph $G$ is the smallest number $d$ such that every subgraph of $G$ contains a vertex of degree at most $d$. We show that there exists a nearly-optimal fixed-parameter tractable algorithm for enumerating all maximal cliques, parametrized by degeneracy. To achieve this result, we modify the classic Bron--Kerbosch algorithm and show that it runs in time $O(dn3^{d/3})$. We also provide matching upper and lower bounds showing that the largest possible number of maximal cliques in an $n$-vertex graph with degeneracy $d$ (when $d$ is a multiple of 3 and $n\ge d+3$) is $(n-d)3^{d/3}$. Therefore, our algorithm matches the $\Theta(d(n-d)3^{d/3})$ worst-case output size of the problem whenever $n-d=\Omega(n)$.

Libraries of modified peptides with protease resistance

Abstract: Peptoids are provided which are polymers comprised of monomer units wherein the monomer units include at least some substitute amino acids and may include conventional amino acids. The peptoids can be synthesized in large numbers so as to provide libraries of peptoids which can be screened in order to isolate peptoids of desired biological activity. Certain peptoids are designed to mimic as closely as possible the activity of known proteins. Other peptoids are designed so as to have greater or lesser activity than known proteins and may be designed so as to block known receptor sites and/or elicit a desired immunogenic response and thereby act as vaccines. A range of different amino acid substitutes are disclosed, as are their methods of synthesis and methods of using such amino acid substitutes in the synthesis of peptoids and peptoid libraries. Methods of screening the libraries in order to obtain desired peptoids of a particular biological activity are also disclosed. The peptoids are preferably linked to a pharmaceutically active drug forming a conjugate with increased binding affinity to a particular biological receptor site.

Dynamic Replica Placement for Scalable Content Delivery

Abstract: In this paper, we propose the dissemination tree, a dynamic content distribution system built on top of a peer-to-peer location service. We present a replica placement protocol that builds the tree while meeting QoS and server capacity constraints. The number of replicas as well as the delay and bandwidth consumption for update propagation are significantly reduced. Simulation results show that the dissemination tree has close to the optimal number of replicas, good load distribution, small delay and bandwidth penalties for update multicast compared with the ideal case: static replica placement on IP multicast.