Institution
University of California
Education•Oakland, California, United States•
About: University of California is a education organization based out in Oakland, California, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Layer (electronics). The organization has 55175 authors who have published 52933 publications receiving 1491169 citations. The organization is also known as: UC & University of California System.
Topics: Population, Layer (electronics), Cancer, Context (language use), Gene
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: The various structural and behavioral adaptations of female bees for acquiring and transporting pollen are the basis of this review.
Abstract: Bees require pollen for their reproduction and pollen comprises the basic larval food for bees. Most bees acquire pollen passively during flower visitation, but female bees may also collect pollen actively with the aid of various structural and behavioral adaptations. Most bees have evolved adaptations to concentrate pollen into discrete loads and transport pollen back to their nests. The various structural and behavioral adaptations of female bees for acquiring and transporting pollen are the basis of this review.
233 citations
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TL;DR: Dosing characteristics appear important for successful treatment of breast cancer, and longer treatment, higher cumulative doses of anthracyclines and taxanes, and the addition of capecitabine and trastuzumab are associated with better response.
Abstract: Pathological complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant treatment correlates with outcome in breast cancer. We determined whether characteristics of neoadjuvant therapy are associated with pCR. We used multi-level models, which accounted for heterogeneity in pCR across trials and trial arms, to analyze individual patient data from 3332 women included in 7 German neoadjuvant trials with uniform protocols. PCR was associated with an increase in number of chemotherapy cycles (odds ratio [OR] 1.2 for every two additional cycles; P = 0.009), with higher cumulative anthracycline doses (OR 1.6; P = 0.002), higher cumulative taxane doses (OR 1.6; P = 0.009), and with capecitabine containing regimens (OR 1.62; P = 0.022). Association of pCR with increase in number of cycles appeared more pronounced in hormone receptor (HR)-positive tumors (OR 1.35) than in HR-negative tumors (OR 1.04; P for interaction = 0.046). Effect of anthracycline dose was particularly pronounced in HER2-negative tumors (OR 1.61), compared to HER2-positive tumors (OR 0.83; P for interaction = 0.14). Simultaneous trastuzumab treatment in HER2-positive tumors increased odds of pCR 3.2-fold (P < 0.001). No association of pCR and number of trastuzumab cycles was found (OR 1.20, P = 0.39). Dosing characteristics appear important for successful treatment of breast cancer. Longer treatment, higher cumulative doses of anthracyclines and taxanes, and the addition of capecitabine and trastuzumab are associated with better response. Tailoring according to breast cancer phenotype might be possible: longer treatment in HR-positive tumors, higher cumulative anthracycline doses for HER2-negative tumors, shorter treatment at higher cumulative doses for triple-negative tumors, and limited number of preoperative trastuzumab cycles in HER2-positive tumors.
233 citations
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Scripps Institution of Oceanography1, Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute2, National Oceanography Centre3, Oregon State University4, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution5, IFREMER6, University of California7, Tohoku University8, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research9, University of East Anglia10, Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory11, Met Office12, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources13, Marine Institute of Memorial University of Newfoundland14, Halifax15, Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research16, Massachusetts Institute of Technology17, Fisheries and Oceans Canada18, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology19, Bedford Institute of Oceanography20, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration21, University of Tokyo22, Korea Meteorological Administration23, Bangor University24, South African Weather Service25, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology26, Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services27, University of Washington28, Pierre-and-Marie-Curie University29, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute30, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research31, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology32, Cooperative Research Centre33, Polish Academy of Sciences34, Xiamen University35, University of British Columbia36, McMaster University37
TL;DR: The objective is to create a fully global, top-to-bottom, dynamically complete, and multidisciplinary Argo Program that will integrate seamlessly with satellite and with other in situ elements of the Global Ocean Observing System.
Abstract: The Argo Program has been implemented and sustained for almost two decades, as a global array of about 4000 profiling floats Argo provides continuous observations of ocean temperature and salinity versus pressure, from the sea surface to 2000 dbar The successful installation of the Argo array and its innovative data management system arose opportunistically from the combination of great scientific need and technological innovation Through the data system, Argo provides fundamental physical observations with broad societally-valuable applications, built on the cost-efficient and robust technologies of autonomous profiling floats Following recent advances in platform and sensor technologies, even greater opportunity exists now than 20 years ago to (i) improve Argo’s global coverage and value beyond the original design, (ii) extend Argo to span the full ocean depth, (iii) add biogeochemical sensors for improved understanding of oceanic cycles of carbon, nutrients, and ecosystems, and (iv) consider experimental sensors that might be included in the future, for example to document the spatial and temporal patterns of ocean mixing For Core Argo and each of these enhancements, the past, present, and future progression along a path from experimental deployments to regional pilot arrays to global implementation is described The objective is to create a fully global, top-to-bottom, dynamically complete, and multidisciplinary Argo Program that will integrate seamlessly with satellite and with other in situ elements of the Global Ocean Observing System (Legler et al, 2015) The integrated system will deliver operational reanalysis and forecasting capability, and assessment of the state and variability of the climate system with respect to physical, biogeochemical, and ecosystems parameters It will enable basic research of unprecedented breadth and magnitude, and a wealth of ocean-education and outreach opportunities
233 citations
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TL;DR: The molecular cloning of human and mouse homologs of the selD gene, designated Sps2, which contains an in-frame TGA codon at a site corresponding to the enzyme's putative active site suggests the existence of an autoregulatory mechanism involving the incorporation of Sec into SPS2 that might be relevant to blood cell biology.
Abstract: Escherichia coli selenophosphate synthetase (SPS, the
selD gene product) catalyzes the production of
monoselenophosphate, the selenium donor compound required for synthesis
of selenocysteine (Sec) and seleno-tRNAs. We report the molecular
cloning of human and mouse homologs of the selD gene,
designated Sps2 , which contains an in-frame TGA codon at a
site corresponding to the enzyme’s putative active site. These
sequences allow the identification of selD gene homologs in
the genomes of the bacterium Haemophilus influenzae and the archaeon Methanococcus jannaschii , which had been
previously misinterpreted due to their in-frame TGA codon.
Sps2 mRNA levels are elevated in organs previously
implicated in the synthesis of selenoproteins and in active sites of
blood cell development. In addition, we show that Sps2 mRNA
is up-regulated upon activation of T lymphocytes and have mapped the
Sps2 gene to mouse chromosome 7. Using the mouse gene
isolated from the hematopoietic cell line FDCPmixA4, we devised a
construct for protein expression that results in the insertion of a
FLAG tag sequence at the N terminus of the SPS2 protein. This strategy
allowed us to document the readthrough of the in-frame TGA codon and
the incorporation of 75 Se into SPS2. These results suggest
the existence of an autoregulatory mechanism involving the
incorporation of Sec into SPS2 that might be relevant to blood cell
biology. This mechanism is likely to have been present in ancient life
forms and conserved in a variety of living organisms from all domains
of life.
233 citations
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TL;DR: The translocation of proteins across the bacterial cell membrane is carried out by highly conserved components of the Sec system as discussed by the authors, which are not required for viability or for translocated most exported proteins.
Abstract: The translocation of proteins across the bacterial cell membrane is carried out by highly conserved components of the Sec system. Most bacterial species have a single copy of the genes encoding SecA and SecY, which are essential for viability. However, Streptococcus gordonii strain M99 encodes SecA and SecY homologues that are not required for viability or for the translocation of most exported proteins. The genes (secA2 and secY2) reside in a region of the chromosome required for the export of GspB, a 286 kDa cell wall-anchored protein. Loss of GspB surface expression is associated with a significant reduction in the binding of M99 to human platelets, suggesting that it may be an adhesin. Genetic analyses indicate that M99 has a second, canonical SecA homologue that is essential for viability. At least two other Gram-positive species, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus, encode two sets of SecA and SecY homologues. One set is more similar to SecA and SecY of Escherichia coli, whereas the other set is more similar to SecA2 and SecY2 of strain M99. The conserved organization of genes in the secY2-secA2 loci suggests that, in each of these Gram-positive species, SecA2 and SecY2 may constitute a specialized system for the transport of a very large serine-rich repeat protein.
233 citations
Authors
Showing all 55232 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Meir J. Stampfer | 277 | 1414 | 283776 |
George M. Whitesides | 240 | 1739 | 269833 |
Michael Karin | 236 | 704 | 226485 |
Fred H. Gage | 216 | 967 | 185732 |
Rob Knight | 201 | 1061 | 253207 |
Martin White | 196 | 2038 | 232387 |
Simon D. M. White | 189 | 795 | 231645 |
Scott M. Grundy | 187 | 841 | 231821 |
Peidong Yang | 183 | 562 | 144351 |
Patrick O. Brown | 183 | 755 | 200985 |
Michael G. Rosenfeld | 178 | 504 | 107707 |
George M. Church | 172 | 900 | 120514 |
David Haussler | 172 | 488 | 224960 |
Yang Yang | 171 | 2644 | 153049 |
Alan J. Heeger | 171 | 913 | 147492 |