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Institution

University of California

EducationOakland, California, United States
About: University of California is a education organization based out in Oakland, California, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Layer (electronics). The organization has 55175 authors who have published 52933 publications receiving 1491169 citations. The organization is also known as: UC & University of California System.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A comprehensive metabolite analysis of saliva samples obtained from 215 individuals using capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry identified 57 principal metabolites that can be used to accurately predict the probability of being affected by each individual disease.
Abstract: Saliva is a readily accessible and informative biofluid, making it ideal for the early detection of a wide range of diseases including cardiovascular, renal, and autoimmune diseases, viral and bacterial infections and, importantly, cancers. Saliva-based diagnostics, particularly those based on metabolomics technology, are emerging and offer a promising clinical strategy, characterizing the association between salivary analytes and a particular disease. Here, we conducted a comprehensive metabolite analysis of saliva samples obtained from 215 individuals (69 oral, 18 pancreatic and 30 breast cancer patients, 11 periodontal disease patients and 87 healthy controls) using capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry (CE-TOF-MS). We identified 57 principal metabolites that can be used to accurately predict the probability of being affected by each individual disease. Although small but significant correlations were found between the known patient characteristics and the quantified metabolites, the profiles manifested relatively higher concentrations of most of the metabolites detected in all three cancers in comparison with those in people with periodontal disease and control subjects. This suggests that cancer-specific signatures are embedded in saliva metabolites. Multiple logistic regression models yielded high area under the receiver-operating characteristic curves (AUCs) to discriminate healthy controls from each disease. The AUCs were 0.865 for oral cancer, 0.973 for breast cancer, 0.993 for pancreatic cancer, and 0.969 for periodontal diseases. The accuracy of the models was also high, with cross-validation AUCs of 0.810, 0.881, 0.994, and 0.954, respectively. Quantitative information for these 57 metabolites and their combinations enable us to predict disease susceptibility. These metabolites are promising biomarkers for medical screening.

789 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Large coated vesicles serve as heterophagosomes to transport absorbed protein to lysosomes, and some small coated vedicle serve as primary lysOSome to transport hydrolytic enzymes from the Golgi complex to multivesicular bodies.
Abstract: The role of coated vesicles during the absorption of horseradish peroxidase was investigated in the epithelium of the rat vas deferens by electron microscopy and cytochemistry. Peroxidase was introduced into the vas lumen in vivo. Tissue was excised at selected intervals, fixed in formaldehyde-glutaraldehyde, sectioned without freezing, incubated in Karnovsky's medium, postfixed in OsO(4), and processed for electron microscopy. Some controls and peroxidase-perfused specimens were incubated with TPP,(1) GP, and CMP. Attention was focused on the Golgi complex, apical multivesicular bodies, and two populations of coated vesicles; large (> 1000 A) ones concentrated in the apical cytoplasm and small (<750 A) ones found primarily in the Golgi region. 10 min after peroxidase injection, the tracer is found adhering to the surface plasmalemma, concentrated in bristle-coated invaginations, and within large coated vesicles. After 20-45 min, it is present in large smooth vesicles, apical multivesicular bodies, and dense bodies. Peroxidase is not seen in small coated vesicles at any interval. Counts of small coated vesicles reveal that during peroxidase absorption they first increase in number in the Golgi region and later, in the apical cytoplasm. In both control and peroxidase-perfused specimens incubated with TPP, reaction product is seen in several Golgi cisternae and in small coated vesicles in the Golgi region. With GP, reaction product is seen in one to two Golgi cisternae, multivesicular bodies, dense bodies, and small coated vesicles present in the Golgi region or near multivesicular bodies. The results demonstrate that (a) this epithelium functions in the absorption of protein from the duct lumen, (b) large coated vesicles serve as heterophagosomes to transport absorbed protein to lysosomes, and (c) some small coated vesicles serve as primary lysosomes to transport hydrolytic enzymes from the Golgi complex to multivesicular bodies.

788 citations

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 1976
TL;DR: SLIC as mentioned in this paper is an alternating-direction method for the geometric approximation of fluid interfaces, which can be used in one, two, or three space dimensions, and it is characterized by the following features: (1) Fluid surfaces are represented locally for each mixed- fluid zone, and these surfaces are defined as a composition of one space dimensional components, one for each coordinate direction.
Abstract: SLIC is an alternating-direction method for the geometric approximation of fluid interfaces. It may be used in one, two, or three space dimensions, and it is characterized by the following features: (1) Fluid surfaces are represented locally for each mixed- fluid zone, and these surfaces are defined as a composition of one space dimensional components, one for each coordinate direction. (2) These onedimensional components are composed entirely of straight lines, either perpendicular to or parallel to that coordinate direction. (3) The one-dimensional surface approximations for a mixed fluid cell are completely determined by testing whether or not the various fluids in the mixed cell are present or absent in the zone just to the left and to the right in the coordinate direction under consideration. (4) Because of the completely one-dimensional nature of the SLIC interface description, it is relatively easy to advance the fluid surfaces correctly in time. With the SLIC fluid-surface definitions, it should be possible to incorporate any one space dimensional method for advancing contact discontinuities. This makes SLIC very practical for the numerical solution of fluid dynamical problems.

788 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The nationality policy of the Soviet Union was devised and carried out by nationalists as discussed by the authors, and it was one of the most uncompromising positions he ever took, his theory of good ("oppressed-nation") nationalism formed the conceptual foundation of theSoviet Union and his NEP-time policy of compensatory "nation-building" (natsional'noe stroitel'stvo) was a spectacularly successful attempt at a state-sponsored conflation of language, culture, territory and quota-fed bureaucracy.
Abstract: Soviet nationality policy was devised and carried out by nationalists. Lenin's acceptance of the reality of nations and "national rights" was one of the most uncompromising positions he ever took, his theory of good ("oppressed-nation") nationalism formed the conceptual foundation of the Soviet Union and his NEP-time policy of compensatory "nation-building" (natsional'noe stroitel'stvo) was a spectacularly successful attempt at a state-sponsored conflation of language, "culture," territory and quota-fed bureaucracy.

786 citations

Book ChapterDOI
04 Oct 2019
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed an encryption scheme that is secure from an adversary who knows the encryption algorithm and is given the cyphertext, but cannot obtain any information about the clear-text.
Abstract: This paper proposes an Encryption Scheme that possess the following property : An adversary, who knows the encryption algorithm and is given the cyphertext, cannot obtain any information about the clear-text. Any implementation of a Public Key Cryptosystem, as proposed by Diffie and Hellman in [8], should possess this property. Our Encryption Scheme follows the ideas in the number theoretic implementations of a Public Key Cryptosystem due to Rivest, Shamir and Adleman [13], and Rabin [12].

785 citations


Authors

Showing all 55232 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Meir J. Stampfer2771414283776
George M. Whitesides2401739269833
Michael Karin236704226485
Fred H. Gage216967185732
Rob Knight2011061253207
Martin White1962038232387
Simon D. M. White189795231645
Scott M. Grundy187841231821
Peidong Yang183562144351
Patrick O. Brown183755200985
Michael G. Rosenfeld178504107707
George M. Church172900120514
David Haussler172488224960
Yang Yang1712644153049
Alan J. Heeger171913147492
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202322
2022105
2021775
20201,069
20191,225
20181,684