Institution
University of California, Davis
Education•Davis, California, United States•
About: University of California, Davis is a education organization based out in Davis, California, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 78770 authors who have published 180033 publications receiving 8064158 citations. The organization is also known as: UC Davis & UCD.
Topics: Population, Poison control, Gene, Galaxy, Genome
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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California Institute of Technology1, Carnegie Institution for Science2, University of California, Davis3, University of California, San Diego4, Northwestern University5, University of Texas at Austin6, University of Toronto7, University of California, Berkeley8, University of Zurich9, Massachusetts Institute of Technology10, Stanford University11, University of California, Irvine12, University of Florida13
TL;DR: The Feedback In Realistic Environments (FIRE) project explores feedback in cosmological galaxy formation simulations as mentioned in this paper, which has been used to explore new physics (e.g. magnetic fields).
Abstract: The Feedback In Realistic Environments (FIRE) project explores feedback in cosmological galaxy formation simulations. Previous FIRE simulations used an identical source code (“FIRE-1”) for consistency. Motivated by the development of more accurate numerics – including hydrodynamic solvers, gravitational softening, and supernova coupling algorithms – and exploration of new physics (e.g. magnetic fields), we introduce “FIRE-2”, an updated numerical implementation of FIRE physics for the GIZMO code. We run a suite of simulations and compare against FIRE-1: overall, FIRE-2 improvements do not qualitatively change galaxy-scale properties. We pursue an extensive study of numerics versus physics. Details of the star-formation algorithm, cooling physics, and chemistry have weak effects, provided that we include metal-line cooling and star formation occurs at higher-than-mean densities. We present new resolution criteria for high-resolution galaxy simulations. Most galaxy-scale properties are robust to numerics we test, provided: (1) Toomre masses are resolved; (2) feedback coupling ensures conservation, and (3) individual supernovae are time-resolved. Stellar masses and profiles are most robust to resolution, followed by metal abundances and morphologies, followed by properties of winds and circum-galactic media (CGM). Central (∼kpc) mass concentrations in massive (>L*) galaxies are sensitive to numerics (via trapping/recycling of winds in hot halos). Multiple feedback mechanisms play key roles: supernovae regulate stellar masses/winds; stellar mass-loss fuels late star formation; radiative feedback suppresses accretion onto dwarfs and instantaneous star formation in disks. We provide all initial conditions and numerical algorithms used.
740 citations
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TL;DR: The nocardiae are facultative intracellular pathogens that can persist within the host, probably in a cryptic form (L-form), for life and are an important part of the normal soil microflora worldwide.
Abstract: The nocardiae are bacteria belonging to the aerobic actinomycetes. They are an important part of the normal soil microflora worldwide. The type species, Nocardia asteroides, and N. brasiliensis, N. farcinica, N. otitidiscaviarum, N. nova, and N. transvalensis cause a variety of diseases in both normal and immunocompromised humans and animals. The mechanisms of pathogenesis are complex, not fully understood, and include the capacity to evade or neutralize the myriad microbicidal activities of the host. The relative virulence of N. asteroides correlates with the ability to inhibit phagosome-lysosome fusion in phagocytes; to neutralize phagosomal acidification; to detoxify the microbicidal products of oxidative metabolism; to modify phagocyte function; to grow within phagocytic cells; and to attach to, penetrate, and grow within host cells. Both activated macrophages and immunologically specific T lymphocytes constitute the major mechanisms for host resistance to nocardial infection, whereas B lymphocytes and humoral immunity do not appear to be as important in protecting the host. Thus, the nocardiae are facultative intracellular pathogens that can persist within the host, probably in a cryptic form (L-form), for life. Silent invasion of brain cells by some Nocardia strains can induce neurodegeneration in experimental animals; however, the role of nocardiae in neurodegenerative diseases in humans needs to be investigated.
739 citations
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Harvard University1, University of California, Davis2, Pompeu Fabra University3, Stony Brook University4, Universidade Nova de Lisboa5, National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre6, Centre for Mental Health7, University College Hospital, Ibadan8, University of Barcelona9, Peking University10, St George's Hospital11, University of Balamand12, University of Tokyo13, The Chinese University of Hong Kong14, Paris Descartes University15, Mental Health Services16, University of Michigan17, Cayetano Heredia University18, University of Otago19, University of Cape Town20, Center for Excellence in Education21, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo22
TL;DR: Although a substantial minority of PTSD cases remits within months after onset, mean symptom duration is considerably longer than previously recognized and differential across trauma types with respect to PTSD risk.
Abstract: Background: Although post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) onset-persistence is thought to vary significantly by trauma type, most epidemiological surveys are incapable of assessing this because they evaluate lifetime PTSD only for traumas nominated by respondents as their 'worst.' Objective: To review research on associations of trauma type with PTSD in the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) surveys, a series of epidemiological surveys that obtained representative data on trauma-specific PTSD. Method: WMH Surveys in 24 countries (n = 68,894) assessed 29 lifetime traumas and evaluated PTSD twice for each respondent: once for the 'worst' lifetime trauma and separately for a randomly-selected trauma with weighting to adjust for individual differences in trauma exposures. PTSD onset-persistence was evaluated with the WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Results: In total, 70.4% of respondents experienced lifetime traumas, with exposure averaging 3.2 traumas per capita. Substantial between-trauma differences were found in PTSD onset but less in persistence. Traumas involving interpersonal violence had highest risk. Burden of PTSD, determined by multiplying trauma prevalence by trauma-specific PTSD risk and persistence, was 77.7 person-years/100 respondents. The trauma types with highest proportions of this burden were rape (13.1%), other sexual assault (15.1%), being stalked (9.8%), and unexpected death of a loved one (11.6%). The first three of these four represent relatively uncommon traumas with high PTSD risk and the last a very common trauma with low PTSD risk. The broad category of intimate partner sexual violence accounted for nearly 42.7% of all person-years with PTSD. Prior trauma history predicted both future trauma exposure and future PTSD risk. Conclusions: Trauma exposure is common throughout the world, unequally distributed, and differential across trauma types with respect to PTSD risk. Although a substantial minority of PTSD cases remits within months after onset, mean symptom duration is considerably longer than previously recognized.
739 citations
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TL;DR: Adjunctive exenatide treatment for > or = 3 years in T2DM patients resulted in sustained improvements in glycemic control, cardiovascular risk factors, and hepatic biomarkers, coupled with progressive weight reduction.
Abstract: Background: Exenatide, an incretin mimetic for adjunctive treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2DM), reduced hemoglobin A1c (A1C) and weight in clinical trials. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of ≥ 3 years exenatide therapy on glycemic control, body weight, cardiometabolic markers, and safety.Methods: Patients from three placebo-controlled trials and their open-label extensions were enrolled into one open-ended, open-label clinical trial. Patients were randomized to twice daily (BID) placebo, 5 µg exenatide, or 10 µg exenatide for 30 weeks, followed by 5 µg exenatide BID for 4 weeks, then 10 µg exenatide BID for ≥3 years of exenatide exposure. Patients continued metformin and/or sulfonylureas.Results: 217 patients (64% male, age 58 ± 10 years, weight 99 ± 18 kg, BMI 34 ± 5 kg/m2, A1C 8.2 ± 1.0% [mean ± SD]) completed 3 years of exenatide exposure. Reductions in A1C from baseline to week 12 (−1.1 ± 0.1% [mean ± SEM]) were sustained to 3 years (−1.0 ± 0.1%; p < 0.0001), with 46% ac...
738 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied the impact of no-tillage management on greenhouse gas emissions in both humid and dry climate regimes, and showed that longer-term adoption of No-Tillage (NT) only significantly reduces GWP in humid climates.
Abstract: No-tillage (NT) management has been promoted as a practice capable of offsetting greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions because of its ability to sequester carbon in soils. However, true mitigation is only possible if the overall impact of NT adoption reduces the net global warming potential (GWP) determined by fluxes of the three major biogenic GHGs (i.e. CO2, N2O, and CH4). We compiled all available data of soil-derived GHG emission comparisons between conventional tilled (CT) and NT systems for humid and dry temperate climates. Newly converted NT systems increase GWP relative to CT practices, in both humid and dry climate regimes, and longer-term adoption (>10 years) only significantly reduces GWP in humid climates. Mean cumulative GWP over a 20-year period is also reduced under continuous NT in dry areas, but with a high degree of uncertainty. Emissions of N2O drive much of the trend in net GWP, suggesting improved nitrogen management is essential to realize the full benefit from carbon storage in the soil for purposes of global warming mitigation. Our results indicate a strong time dependency in the GHG mitigation potential of NT agriculture, demonstrating that GHG mitigation by adoption of NT is much more variable and complex than previously considered, and policy plans to reduce global warming through this land management practice need further scrutiny to ensure success.
738 citations
Authors
Showing all 79538 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Eric S. Lander | 301 | 826 | 525976 |
Ronald C. Kessler | 274 | 1332 | 328983 |
George M. Whitesides | 240 | 1739 | 269833 |
Ronald M. Evans | 199 | 708 | 166722 |
Virginia M.-Y. Lee | 194 | 993 | 148820 |
Scott M. Grundy | 187 | 841 | 231821 |
Julie E. Buring | 186 | 950 | 132967 |
Patrick O. Brown | 183 | 755 | 200985 |
Anil K. Jain | 183 | 1016 | 192151 |
John C. Morris | 183 | 1441 | 168413 |
Douglas R. Green | 182 | 661 | 145944 |
John R. Yates | 177 | 1036 | 129029 |
Barry Halliwell | 173 | 662 | 159518 |
Roderick T. Bronson | 169 | 679 | 107702 |
Hongfang Liu | 166 | 2356 | 156290 |