Institution
University of California, Irvine
Education•Irvine, California, United States•
About: University of California, Irvine is a education organization based out in Irvine, California, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Galaxy. The organization has 47031 authors who have published 113602 publications receiving 5521832 citations. The organization is also known as: UC Irvine & UCI.
Topics: Population, Galaxy, Poison control, Cancer, Gene
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: This article explored the differences between the representations of objects and places in English and other languages, and suggested that there is a tendency for languages to level out geometric detail from both object and place representations, leading to a non-linguistic disparity between representations of what and where.
Abstract: Fundamental to spatial knowledge in all species are the representations underlying object recognition, object search, and navigation through space. But what sets humans apart from other species is our ability to express spatial experience through language. This target article explores the language of objects and places, asking what geometric properties are preserved in the representations underlying object nouns and spatial prepositions in English. Evidence from these two aspects of language suggests there are significant differences in the geometric richness with which objects and places are encoded. When an object is named (i.e., with count nouns), detailed geometric properties – principally the object's shape (axes, solid and hollow volumes, surfaces, and parts) – are represented. In contrast, when an object plays the role of either “figure” (located object) or “ground” (reference object) in a locational expression, only very coarse geometric object properties are represented, primarily the main axes. In addition, the spatial functions encoded by spatial prepositions tend to be nonmetric and relatively coarse, for example, “containment,” “contact,” “relative distance,” and “relative direction.” These properties are representative of other languages as well. The striking differences in the way language encodes objects versus places lead us to suggest two explanations: First, there is a tendency for languages to level out geometric detail from both object and place representations. Second, a nonlinguistic disparity between the representations of “what” and “where” underlies how language represents objects and places. The language of objects and places converges with and enriches our understanding of corresponding spatial representations.
879 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, an Ru(II) complex with a strained olefin was used to produce a carbene species that polymerizes norbornene in organic media both in the absence and presence of protic/aqueous solvents.
Abstract: During the past two decades, intense research efforts have enabled an in-depth understanding of the olefin metathesis reaction as catalyzed by early transition metal complexes. In contrast, the nature of the intermediates and the reaction mechanism for group VIII transition metal metathesis catalysts remain elusive. Such knowledge is important in view of the promise group VIII metals show in polymerizing a wide variety of functionalized cyclic olefins in protic solvents. Highly active late transition metal catalysts should also open the way to the metathesis of functionalized acyclic olefins. Previous studies in our group have focused on the chemistry of highly active, functional-group-tolerant catalysts prepared from aquoruthenium(II) olefin complexes. In these systems, characterization of the catalytic intermediates is difficult due to their very low concentrations and high activity in the reaction mixtures. Although it is reasonable to assume that the active species are ruthenacyclobutanes and ruthenium carbenes (ruthenaolefins), the oxidation state and ligation of these intermediates are not known. Furthermore, the discrete ruthenium carbene complexes that have been isolated to date do not exhibit both metathesis activity and stability to protic/aqueous solvents. We report here the reaction of an Ru(II) complex with a strained olefin to produce a carbene species that polymerizes norbornene in organic media both in the absence and presence of protic/aqueous solvents. In both solvent systems, a stable propagating carbene complex can be observed throughout the course of the polymerization, as has been previously found with titanium, tantalum, tungsten, molybdenum, and ruthenium complexes.
878 citations
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University of Tokyo1, Boston University2, Massachusetts Institute of Technology3, Brookhaven National Laboratory4, University of California, Irvine5, California State University, Dominguez Hills6, George Mason University7, Gifu University8, Kobe University9, Kyoto University10, Louisiana State University11, University of Maryland, College Park12, University of Minnesota13, Stony Brook University14, University of Utah15, Niigata University16, Osaka University17, Seoul National University18, Shizuoka University19, Tohoku University20, Tokai University21, Tokyo Institute of Technology22, University of Warsaw23, University of Washington24
TL;DR: Solar neutrino measurements from 1258 days of data from the Super-Kamiokande detector are presented and the recoil electron energy spectrum is consistent with no spectral distortion.
Abstract: Solar neutrino measurements from 1258days of data from the Super-Kamiokande detector are presented. The measurements are based on recoil electrons in the energy range 5.0{endash}20.0MeV. The measured solar neutrino flux is 2.32{+-}0.03(stat){sup +0.08}{sub {minus}0.07}(syst){times}10{sup 6} cm{sup {minus}2}s{sup {minus}1} , which is 45.1{+-}0.5(stat ){sup +1.6}{sub {minus}1.4}(syst) % of that predicted by the BP2000 SSM. The day vs night flux asymmetry ({Phi}{sub n}{minus}{Phi}{sub d})/ {Phi}{sub average} is 0.033{+-}0.022(stat){sup +0.013}{sub {minus}0.012}(syst) . The recoil electron energy spectrum is consistent with no spectral distortion. For the hep neutrino flux, we set a 90% C.L.upper limit of 40{times}10{sup 3} cm{sup {minus}2}s{sup {minus}1} , which is 4.3times the BP2000 SSM prediction.
878 citations
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Christopher J L Murray1, Katrina F Ortblad1, Caterina Guinovart1, Stephen S Lim1 +367 more•Institutions (179)
TL;DR: The Global Burden of Disease 2013 study provides a consistent and comprehensive approach to disease estimation for between 1990 and 2013, and an opportunity to assess whether accelerated progress has occured since the Millennium Declaration.
875 citations
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TL;DR: A broad range of excitation wavelengths are used to demonstrate that TPEF/SHG coregistration can easily be achieved in unstained tissues by using a simple backscattering geometry and the structural and molecular origin of the image-forming signal from the various tissue constituents was determined.
Abstract: Multiphoton microscopy relies on nonlinear light-matter interactions to provide contrast and optical sectioning capability for high-resolution imaging. Most multiphoton microscopy studies in biological systems have relied on two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) to produce images. With increasing applications of multiphoton microscopy to thick-tissue "intravital" imaging, second-harmonic generation (SHG) from structural proteins has emerged as a potentially important new contrast mechanism. However, SHG is typically detected in transmission mode, thus limiting TPEF/SHG coregistration and its practical utility for in vivo thick-tissue applications. In this study, we use a broad range of excitation wavelengths (730-880 nm) to demonstrate that TPEF/SHG coregistration can easily be achieved in unstained tissues by using a simple backscattering geometry. The combined TPEF/SHG technique was applied to imaging a three-dimensional organotypic tissue model (RAFT). The structural and molecular origin of the image-forming signal from the various tissue constituents was determined by simultaneous spectroscopic measurements and confirming immunofluorescence staining. Our results show that at shorter excitation wavelengths (<800 nm), the signal emitted from the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a combination of SHG and TPEF from collagen, whereas at longer excitation wavelengths the ECM signal is exclusively due to SHG. Endogenous cellular signals are consistent with TPEF spectra of cofactors NAD(P)H and FAD at all excitation wavelengths. The reflected SHG intensity follows a quadratic dependence on the excitation power, decays exponentially with depth, and exhibits a spectral dependence in accordance with previous theoretical studies. The use of SHG and TPEF in combination provides complementary information that allows noninvasive, spatially localized in vivo characterization of cell-ECM interactions in unstained thick tissues.
874 citations
Authors
Showing all 47751 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Daniel Levy | 212 | 933 | 194778 |
Rob Knight | 201 | 1061 | 253207 |
Lewis C. Cantley | 196 | 748 | 169037 |
Dennis W. Dickson | 191 | 1243 | 148488 |
Terrie E. Moffitt | 182 | 594 | 150609 |
Joseph Biederman | 179 | 1012 | 117440 |
John R. Yates | 177 | 1036 | 129029 |
John A. Rogers | 177 | 1341 | 127390 |
Avshalom Caspi | 170 | 524 | 113583 |
Yang Gao | 168 | 2047 | 146301 |
Carl W. Cotman | 165 | 809 | 105323 |
John H. Seinfeld | 165 | 921 | 114911 |
Gregg C. Fonarow | 161 | 1676 | 126516 |
Jerome I. Rotter | 156 | 1071 | 116296 |
David Cella | 156 | 1258 | 106402 |