University of California, Irvine

About: University of California, Irvine is a education organization based out in Irvine, California, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Galaxy. The organization has 47031 authors who have published 113602 publications receiving 5521832 citations. The organization is also known as: UC Irvine & UCI.

The Excitatory Amino Acid Receptors: Their Classes, Pharmacology, and Distinct Properties in the Function of the Central Nervous System

Abstract: 'The following abbreviations have been used in the text; I3-L-ODAP, I3-N-uxalyl-L-a,l3diaminu-prupiunic acid; ACPD, Trans-l-aminu-cydupentyl-I,3-dicarbuxylate; AMPA, a­ aminu-3-hydruxy-5-methyl-isoxazole-4-propionate; AP4, 2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate; AP5, 2-amino-5-phuphonovalerate; ASP, aspartate; CNQX, 6-cyano-7-nitro-quinoxaline-2,3-dione; CPP, 3-(2-earboxypiperazin-4-yl)prupyl-l -phosphate; cyelo-Leu, eydo-Ieucine; DAA, D-a­ amino-adipate; DGG, y-D-glutamylglycine; DNQX, 6,7-dinitro-quinoxaline-2,3dione; EAA, excitatory amino acids; GABA, gamma-aminu-butyric acid; GDEE, glutamate diethyl ester; GLU, glutamate; GL Y, glycine; HA-966, 3-amino-l-hydroxypyrrolidone-2; lBO, ibotenate; IP, inositol phosphate; KA, kainate; KYN, kynurenate; MK-801, dibenzoeyclohepteneimine; NMDA, N-methyl-D-aspartate; PCP, phencyclidine; QA, quisqualate; SER, serine; SOP, serine­ O-phosphate; TCP, 1-[1-(2-thienyl)-eyclohexyIJpiperidine

An anatomically comprehensive atlas of the adult human brain transcriptome

Abstract: Neuroanatomically precise, genome-wide maps of transcript distributions are critical resources to complement genomic sequence data and to correlate functional and genetic brain architecture. Here we describe the generation and analysis of a transcriptional atlas of the adult human brain, comprising extensive histological analysis and comprehensive microarray profiling of ~900 neuroanatomically precise subdivisions in two individuals. Transcriptional regulation varies enormously by anatomical location, with different regions and their constituent cell types displaying robust molecular signatures that are highly conserved between individuals. Analysis of differential gene expression and gene co-expression relationships demonstrates that brain-wide variation strongly reflects the distributions of major cell classes such as neurons, oligodendrocytes, astrocytes and microglia. Local neighbourhood relationships between fine anatomical subdivisions are associated with discrete neuronal subtypes and genes involved with synaptic transmission. The neocortex displays a relatively homogeneous transcriptional pattern, but with distinct features associated selectively with primary sensorimotor cortices and with enriched frontal lobe expression. Notably, the spatial topography of the neocortex is strongly reflected in its molecular topography—the closer two cortical regions, the more similar their transcriptomes. This freely accessible online data resource forms a high-resolution transcriptional baseline for neurogenetic studies of normal and abnormal human brain function.

International Union of Pharmacology. XLVIII. Nomenclature and Structure-Function Relationships of Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels

Abstract: The family of voltage-gated sodium channels initiates action potentials in all types of excitable cells. Nine members of the voltage-gated sodium channel family have been characterized in mammals, and a 10th member has been recognized as a related protein. These distinct sodium channels have similar structural and functional properties, but they initiate action potentials in different cell types and have distinct regulatory and pharmacological properties. This article presents the molecular relationships and physiological roles of these sodium channel proteins and provides comprehensive information on their molecular, genetic, physiological, and pharmacological properties.