Institution
University of California, Santa Barbara
Education•Santa Barbara, California, United States•
About: University of California, Santa Barbara is a education organization based out in Santa Barbara, California, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Laser. The organization has 30281 authors who have published 80852 publications receiving 4626827 citations. The organization is also known as: UC Santa Barbara & UCSB.
Topics: Population, Laser, Galaxy, Context (language use), Quantum well
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: A recent proposal for dealing with the sign problem due to Sorella leads to an uncontrolled approximation for the ground-state energy, and a method for calculating the correction needed to make it exact is presented.
Abstract: We discuss the problems that arise in the numerical simulation of many-electron systems when the measure of the functional integrals is not positive definite. We present theoretical arguments and numerical data which indicate that the expectation value of the sign of the measure decreases exponentially as the inverse temperature \ensuremath{\beta} increases, unless the measure is forced to be positive by an explicit symmetry. We therefore conclude that a recent proposal for dealing with the sign problem due to Sorella et al. Leads to an uncontrolled approximation. In the cases we have studied it is a good approximation for the ground-state energy, and we present a method for calculating the correction needed to make it exact. However, for some physical quantities, such as the d-wave pair field susceptibility, the neglect of signs can yield misleading results.
609 citations
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TL;DR: The results support the existence of long-range antiferromagnetic order in the ground state at half-Filling and its absence at quarter-filling and find evidence for an attractive effective /ital d/-wave pairing interaction near half- filling but have not found evidence for a phase transition to a superconducting state.
Abstract: We report on a numerical study of the two-dimensional Hubbard model and describe two new algorithms for the simulation of many-electron systems. These algorithms allow one to carry out simulations within the grand canonical ensemble at significantly lower temperatures than had previously been obtained and to calculate ground-state properties with fixed numbers of electrons. We present results for the two-dimensional Hubbard model with half- and quarter-filled bands. Our results support the existence of long-range antiferromagnetic order in the ground state at half-filling and its absence at quarter-filling. Results for the magnetic susceptibility and the momentum occupation along with an upper bound to the spin-wave spectrum are given. We find evidence for an attractive effective d-wave pairing interaction near half-filling but have not found evidence for a phase transition to a superconducting state.
609 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a review of the techniques used to produce optically functionalized mesostructured and mesoporous materials and the characterization of the final composites is presented.
Abstract: Mesostructured and mesoporous materials are emerging as a new class of optical materials. For mesostructured materials (inorganic/surfactant composites), prepared using a one-step synthesis procedure where the inorganic/surfactant/optically active species coassemble, the unique architecture provided by the surfactant-inorganic phase separation allows for higher concentrations compared to traditional sol-gel glasses and protective packaging of uniform three-dimensional arrays of optical species. The corresponding regularly arranged pores found in mesoporous materials (inorganic only) provide a high surface area to better disperse optically active components and allow for rapid diffusion for optical sensor applications. In this review, we discuss recent research results on the techniques used to produce optically functionalized mesostructured and mesoporous materials and the characterization of the final composites.
609 citations
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TL;DR: The scanning tunneling microscope (STM) and the atomic force microscope (AFM) are scanning probe microscopes capable of resolving surface detail down to the atomic level illustrated by atomic resolution images including graphite, an organic conductor, an insulating layered compound, and individual adsorbed oxygen atoms on a semiconductor.
Abstract: The scanning tunneling microscope (STM) and the atomic force microscope (AFM) are scanning probe microscopes capable of resolving surface detail down to the atomic level. The potential of these microscopes for revealing subtle details of structure is illustrated by atomic resolution images including graphite, an organic conductor, an insulating layered compound, and individual adsorbed oxygen atoms on a semiconductor. Application of the STM for imaging biological materials directly has been hampered by the poor electron conductivity of most biological samples. The use of thin conductive metal coatings and replicas has made it possible to image some biological samples, as indicated by recently obtained images of a recA-DNA complex, a phospholipid bilayer, and an enzyme crystal. The potential of the AFM, which does not require a conductive sample, is shown with molecular resolution images of a nonconducting organic monolayer and an amino acid crystal that reveals individual methyl groups on the ends of the amino acids. Applications of these new microscopes to technology are demonstrated with images of an optical disk stamper, a diffraction grating, a thin-film magnetic recording head, and a diamond cutting tool. The STM has even been used to improve the quality of diffraction gratings and magnetic recording heads.
609 citations
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TL;DR: This paper examined the effects of different child-care arrangements on children's cognitive and social proficiencies at the start of kindergarten using data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, identifying effects using OLS, matching and instrumental variables estimates.
607 citations
Authors
Showing all 30652 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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George M. Whitesides | 240 | 1739 | 269833 |
Yi Chen | 217 | 4342 | 293080 |
Simon D. M. White | 189 | 795 | 231645 |
George Efstathiou | 187 | 637 | 156228 |
Peidong Yang | 183 | 562 | 144351 |
David R. Williams | 178 | 2034 | 138789 |
Alan J. Heeger | 171 | 913 | 147492 |
Richard H. Friend | 169 | 1182 | 140032 |
Jiawei Han | 168 | 1233 | 143427 |
Gang Chen | 167 | 3372 | 149819 |
Alexander S. Szalay | 166 | 936 | 145745 |
Omar M. Yaghi | 165 | 459 | 163918 |
Carlos S. Frenk | 165 | 799 | 140345 |
Yang Yang | 164 | 2704 | 144071 |
Carlos Bustamante | 161 | 770 | 106053 |