Institution
University of California, Santa Barbara
Education•Santa Barbara, California, United States•
About: University of California, Santa Barbara is a education organization based out in Santa Barbara, California, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Laser. The organization has 30281 authors who have published 80852 publications receiving 4626827 citations. The organization is also known as: UC Santa Barbara & UCSB.
Topics: Population, Laser, Galaxy, Context (language use), Quantum well
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: It is shown that factor H (HF1), the major inhibitor of the alternative complement pathway, accumulates within drusen and is synthesized by the retinal pigmented epithelium, implicating HF1 function in the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying AMD.
Abstract: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most frequent cause of irreversible blindness in the elderly in developed countries. Our previous studies implicated activation of complement in the formation of drusen, the hallmark lesion of AMD. Here, we show that factor H (HF1), the major inhibitor of the alternative complement pathway, accumulates within drusen and is synthesized by the retinal pigmented epithelium. Because previous linkage analyses identified chromosome 1q25-32, which harbors the factor H gene (HF1/CFH), as an AMD susceptibility locus, we analyzed HF1 for genetic variation in two independent cohorts comprised of ≈900 AMD cases and 400 matched controls. We found association of eight common HF1 SNPs with AMD; two common missense variants exhibit highly significant associations (I62V, χ2 = 26.1 and P = 3.2 × 10-7 and Y402H, χ2 = 54.4 and P = 1.6 × 10-13). Haplotype analysis reveals that multiple HF1 variants confer elevated or reduced risk of AMD. One common at-risk haplotype is present at a frequency of 50% in AMD cases and 29% in controls [odds ratio (OR) = 2.46, 95% confidence interval (1.95-3.11)]. Homozygotes for this haplotype account for 24% of cases and 8% of controls [OR = 3.51, 95% confidence interval (2.13-5.78)]. Several protective haplotypes are also identified (OR = 0.44-0.55), further implicating HF1 function in the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying AMD. We propose that genetic variation in a regulator of the alternative complement pathway, when combined with a triggering event, such as infection, underlie a major proportion of AMD in the human population.
2,012 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, molecular theories of flow and deformation may facilitate the design of branched polymers with tailored rheological properties and improved adhesives, and improved theories relating to associating polymers should aid in the development of thickening agents and coatings.
Abstract: Recent years have brought exciting theoretical advances to understanding the behavior of macromolecular systems under nonequilibrium conditions. Developments in diffusion-controlled reactions of polymers are bringing molecular insights to reactive blending technologies, and improved theories relating to associating polymers should aid in the design of thickening agents and coatings. Recent progress in molecular theories of flow and deformation may facilitate the design of branched polymers with tailored rheological properties and improved adhesives.
2,010 citations
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Dalhousie University1, University of Washington2, University of California, San Diego3, University of Rhode Island4, University of California, Santa Barbara5, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration6, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation7, University of East Anglia8, Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science9, Wellington Management Company10, Wildlife Conservation Society11, Stanford University12, University of New Hampshire13, University of British Columbia14
TL;DR: Current trends in world fisheries are analyzed from a fisheries and conservation perspective, finding that 63% of assessed fish stocks worldwide still require rebuilding, and even lower exploitation rates are needed to reverse the collapse of vulnerable species.
Abstract: After a long history of overexploitation, increasing efforts to restore marine ecosystems and rebuild fisheries are under way. Here, we analyze current trends from a fisheries and conservation perspective. In 5 of 10 well-studied ecosystems, the average exploitation rate has recently declined and is now at or below the rate predicted to achieve maximum sustainable yield for seven systems. Yet 63% of assessed fish stocks worldwide still require rebuilding, and even lower exploitation rates are needed to reverse the collapse of vulnerable species. Combined fisheries and conservation objectives can be achieved by merging diverse management actions, including catch restrictions, gear modification, and closed areas, depending on local context. Impacts of international fleets and the lack of alternatives to fishing complicate prospects for rebuilding fisheries in many poorer regions, highlighting the need for a global perspective on rebuilding marine resources.
2,009 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors detected and imaged electron-spin polarization near the edges of a semiconductor channel with the use of Kerr rotation microscopy, consistent with the predictions of the spin Hall effect.
Abstract: Electrically induced electron-spin polarization near the edges of a semiconductor channel was detected and imaged with the use of Kerr rotation microscopy The polarization is out-of-plane and has opposite sign for the two edges, consistent with the predictions of the spin Hall effect Measurements of unstrained gallium arsenide and strained indium gallium arsenide samples reveal that strain modifies spin accumulation at zero magnetic field A weak dependence on crystal orientation for the strained samples suggests that the mechanism is the extrinsic spin Hall effect
1,999 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a generalized approach to the synthesis of periodic mesophases of metal oxides and cationic or anionic surfactants under a range of pH conditions is presented.
Abstract: THE recent synthesis of silica-based mesoporous materials1,2 by the cooperative assembly of periodic inorganic and surfactant-based structures has attracted great interest because it extends the range of molecular-sieve materials into the very-large-pore regime. If the synthetic approach can be generalized to transition-metal oxide mesostructures, the resulting nanocomposite materials might find applications in electrochromic or solid-electrolyte devices3,4, as high-surface-area redox catalysts5 and as substrates for biochemical separations. We have proposed recently6 that the matching of charge density at the surfactant/inorganic interfaces governs the assembly process; such co-organization of organic and inorganic phases is thought to be a key aspect of biomineralization7. Here we report a generalized approach to the synthesis of periodic mesophases of metal oxides and cationic or anionic surfactants under a range of pH conditions. We suggest that the assembly process is controlled by electrostatic complementarity between the inorganic ions in solution, the charged surfactant head groups and—when these charges both have the same sign—inorganic counterions. We identify a number of different general strategies for obtaining a variety of ordered composite materials.
1,996 citations
Authors
Showing all 30652 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
George M. Whitesides | 240 | 1739 | 269833 |
Yi Chen | 217 | 4342 | 293080 |
Simon D. M. White | 189 | 795 | 231645 |
George Efstathiou | 187 | 637 | 156228 |
Peidong Yang | 183 | 562 | 144351 |
David R. Williams | 178 | 2034 | 138789 |
Alan J. Heeger | 171 | 913 | 147492 |
Richard H. Friend | 169 | 1182 | 140032 |
Jiawei Han | 168 | 1233 | 143427 |
Gang Chen | 167 | 3372 | 149819 |
Alexander S. Szalay | 166 | 936 | 145745 |
Omar M. Yaghi | 165 | 459 | 163918 |
Carlos S. Frenk | 165 | 799 | 140345 |
Yang Yang | 164 | 2704 | 144071 |
Carlos Bustamante | 161 | 770 | 106053 |