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Institution

University of Cologne

EducationCologne, Germany
About: University of Cologne is a education organization based out in Cologne, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Transplantation. The organization has 32050 authors who have published 66350 publications receiving 2210092 citations. The organization is also known as: Universität zu Köln & Universitatis Coloniensis.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a survey of early career teachers conducted in May and June 2020 was conducted to investigate the extent to which they maintained social contact with students and mastered core teaching challenges.
Abstract: As in many countries worldwide, as part of the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown schools in Germany closed in March 2020 and only partially re-opened in May. Teachers were confronted with the need to adapt to online teaching. This paper presents the results of a survey of early career teachers conducted in May and June 2020. First, we analysed the extent to which they maintained social contact with students and mastered core teaching challenges. Second, we analysed potential factors (school computer technology, teacher competence such as their technological pedagogical knowledge, and teacher education learning opportunities pertaining to digital teaching and learning). Findings from regression analyses show that information and communication technologies (ICT) tools, particularly digital teacher competence and teacher education opportunities to learn digital competence, are instrumental in adapting to online teaching during COVID-19 school closures. Implications are discussed for the field of teacher education and the adoption of ICT by teachers.

651 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The degree of cortical folding found in adult human brains has been analyzed using a gyrification index (GI), which permits the description of a mean value for the whole brain, but also a local specific analysis of different brain regions.
Abstract: The degree of cortical folding found in adult human brains has been analyzed using a gyrification index (GI). This parameter permits the description of a mean value for the whole brain, but also a local specific analysis of different brain regions. Correlation analyses of the GI with age, body weight, body length, brain weight and volume of the prosencephalon and the cortex show no significant results. GI values do not differ significantly between male and female brains, right and left hemispheres or right and left sides of the superior temporal plane. The GI shows maximal values over the prefrontal and the parieto-temporo-occipital association cortex. A comparison between the rostro-caudal GI patterns of human brains and those of prosimians and Old World monkeys shows the largest difference over the prefrontal cortex. The mean GI increases from prosimians to human brains with the highest values for non-human primates being in the pongid group.

649 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
25 Jun 2015-Nature
TL;DR: It is concluded that, as a single agent, 3BNC117 is safe and effective in reducing HIV-1 viraemia, and that immunotherapy should be explored as a new modality for HIV- 1 prevention, therapy and cure.
Abstract: HIV-1 immunotherapy with a combination of first generation monoclonal antibodies was largely ineffective in pre-clinical and clinical settings and was therefore abandoned. However, recently developed single-cell-based antibody cloning methods have uncovered a new generation of far more potent broadly neutralizing antibodies to HIV-1 (refs 4, 5). These antibodies can prevent infection and suppress viraemia in humanized mice and nonhuman primates, but their potential for human HIV-1 immunotherapy has not been evaluated. Here we report the results of a first-in-man dose escalation phase 1 clinical trial of 3BNC117, a potent human CD4 binding site antibody, in uninfected and HIV-1-infected individuals. 3BNC117 infusion was well tolerated and demonstrated favourable pharmacokinetics. A single 30 mg kg^(−1) infusion of 3BNC117 reduced the viral load in HIV-1-infected individuals by 0.8–2.5 log_(10) and viraemia remained significantly reduced for 28 days. Emergence of resistant viral strains was variable, with some individuals remaining sensitive to 3BNC117 for a period of 28 days. We conclude that, as a single agent, 3BNC117 is safe and effective in reducing HIV-1 viraemia, and that immunotherapy should be explored as a new modality for HIV-1 prevention, therapy and cure.

648 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a coexpression vector, Optopatch, enabled cross-talk-free genetically targeted all-optical electrophysiology without the use of conventional electrodes.
Abstract: All-optical electrophysiology-spatially resolved simultaneous optical perturbation and measurement of membrane voltage-would open new vistas in neuroscience research. We evolved two archaerhodopsin-based voltage indicators, QuasAr1 and QuasAr2, which show improved brightness and voltage sensitivity, have microsecond response times and produce no photocurrent. We engineered a channelrhodopsin actuator, CheRiff, which shows high light sensitivity and rapid kinetics and is spectrally orthogonal to the QuasArs. A coexpression vector, Optopatch, enabled cross-talk-free genetically targeted all-optical electrophysiology. In cultured rat neurons, we combined Optopatch with patterned optical excitation to probe back-propagating action potentials (APs) in dendritic spines, synaptic transmission, subcellular microsecond-timescale details of AP propagation, and simultaneous firing of many neurons in a network. Optopatch measurements revealed homeostatic tuning of intrinsic excitability in human stem cell-derived neurons. In rat brain slices, Optopatch induced and reported APs and subthreshold events with high signal-to-noise ratios. The Optopatch platform enables high-throughput, spatially resolved electrophysiology without the use of conventional electrodes.

646 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The Modal Aerosol Dynamics model for Europe (MADE) as discussed by the authors was developed as an extension to mesoscale chemistry transport models to allow a more detailed treatment of aerosol effects in these models.

645 citations


Authors

Showing all 32558 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Julie E. Buring186950132967
Stuart H. Orkin186715112182
Cornelia M. van Duijn1831030146009
Dorret I. Boomsma1761507136353
Frederick W. Alt17157795573
Donald E. Ingber164610100682
Klaus Müllen1642125140748
Klaus Rajewsky15450488793
Frederik Barkhof1541449104982
Stefanie Dimmeler14757481658
Detlef Weigel14251684670
Hidde L. Ploegh13567467437
Luca Valenziano13043794728
Peter Walter12684171580
Peter G. Martin12555397257
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023324
2022634
20214,225
20204,051
20193,526
20183,078