University of Colorado Colorado Springs

About: University of Colorado Colorado Springs is a education organization based out in Colorado Springs, Colorado, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 6664 authors who have published 10872 publications receiving 323416 citations. The organization is also known as: UCCS & University of Colorado at Colorado Springs.

Role of consciousness and accessibility of death-related thoughts in mortality salience effects.

Abstract: On the basis of terror management theory, research has shown that subtle mortality salience inductions engender increased prejudice, nationalism, and intergroup bias. Study 1 replicated this effect (increased preference for a pro-U.S. author over an anti-U.S. author) and found weaker effects when Ss are led to think more deeply about mortality or about the death of a loved one. Study 2 showed that this effect is not produced by thoughts of non-death-related aversive events. Studies 2 and 3 demonstrated that this effect occurs only if Ss are distracted from mortality salience before assessment of its effects. Study 4 revealed that although the accessibility of death-related thoughts does not increase immediately after mortality salience, it does increase after Ss are distracted from mortality salience. These findings suggest that mortality salience effects are unique to thoughts of death and occur primarily when such thoughts are highly accessible but outside of consciousness. Language: en

Self-regulatory perseveration and the depressive self-focusing style: A self-awareness theory of reactive depression.

Abstract: In this article, we apply theory and research on self-focused attention and self-regulatory processes to the problem of depression and use this framework to integrate the roles played by a variety of psychological processes emphasized by other theories of the development and maintenance of depression. We propose that depression occurs after the loss of an important source of self-worth when an individual becomes stuck in a self-regulatory cycle in which no responses to reduce the discrepancy between actual and desired states are available. Consequently, the individual falls into a pattern of virtually constant self-focus, resulting in intensified negative affect, self-derogation, further negative outcomes, and a depressive self-focusing style in which he or she self-focuses a great deal after negative outcomes but very little after positive outcomes. Eventually, these factors lead to a negative self-image, which may take on value by providing an explanation for the individual's plight and by helping the individual avoid further disappointments. The depressive self-focusing style then maintains and exacerbates the depressive disorder. We review findings from laboratory studies of mild to moderately depressed people, correlational studies of more severely depressed people, and clinical observations with respect to consistency with the theory. Recent empirical research on depression has yielded a wide array of cognitive, social, and motivational dimensions on which depressed and nondepressed individuals differ from one another. (For reviews, see Blaney, 1977; Coyne & Gotlib, 1983; Miller, 1975.) Over the years, a variety of theoretical frameworks have evolved to attempt to account for these differences. These theories have often been viewed as antagonistic to each other, competing to offer the most comprehensive explanation of depression. In the present article, we review the central concepts used in psychological theories of depression and outline a theoretical framework that attempts to integrate a variety of processes emphasized by these theories. The theory is an attempt to specify relations among a wide range of characteristics commonly associated with unipolar reactive depression and a sequence through which they emerge. To this end, we apply contemporary theory and research on self-focused attention and self-regulation (Carver & Scheier, 1981; Duval & Wicklund,

Bank Ownership and Efficiency in China: What will Happen in the World's Largest Nation?

Abstract: China's economy has been growing rapidly based on globalization of trade, but the country is only beginning to globalize its banking sector China's current banking reform includes partially privatizing three of its dominant Big Four state-owned banks and taking on minority foreign ownership of these institutions Other state-owned banks are also engaging in this practice Predicting the efficiency effects of these and other reforms is difficult because of little relevant background research evidence This paper helps to fill some of the gaps in the literature, analyzing the profit and cost efficiency of banks representing 95% of commercial banking assets in China over 1994-2003 with different majority and minority ownership structures The key findings are that the Big Four state-owned banks are by far the least efficient, and that minority foreign ownership of other banks is associated with significantly improved efficiency These and other findings suggest that minority foreign ownership of the Big Four and other reforms that allow foreign banks to play larger roles will likely improve the performance of the Chinese banking sector, with positive effects on economic growth

Antecedents and consequences of customer-company identification: expanding the role of relationship marketing.

Abstract: This article presents an empirical test of organizational identification in the context of customer-company (C-C) relationships It investigates whether customers identify with companies and what the antecedents and consequences of such identification are The model posits that perceived company characteristics, construed external image, and the perception of the company's boundary-spanning agent lead to C-C identification In turn, such identification is expected to impact both in-role behavior (ie, product utilization) as well as extra-role behavior (ie, citizenship) The model was tested in a consultative selling context of pharmaceutical sales reps calling on physicians Results from the empirical test indicated that customers do indeed identify with organizations and that C-C identification positively impacts both product utilization behavior and extra-role behavior even when the effect of brand perception is accounted for Second, the study found that the organization's characteristics as well as the salesperson's characteristics contributed to the development of C-C identification