University of Colorado Denver

About: University of Colorado Denver is a education organization based out in Denver, Colorado, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 27444 authors who have published 57213 publications receiving 2539937 citations. The organization is also known as: CU Denver & UCD.

Adenoviral gene delivery can reprogram human fibroblasts to induced pluripotent stem cells.

Abstract: Mouse and human fibroblasts have been transformed into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells by retroviral transduction or plasmid transfection with four genes. Unfortunately, viral and plasmid DNA incorporation into chromosomes can lead to disruption of gene transcription and malignant transformation. Tumor formation has been found in offspring of mice generated from blastocysts made mosaic with iPS cells. To proceed with iPS cells for human therapy, reprogramming should be done with transient gene expression. Recently, adenoviral vectors have been used to produce mouse iPS cells without viral integration. Here, we report the successful creation of human iPS cells from embryonic fibroblasts using adenoviral vectors expressing c-Myc, Klf4, Oct4, and Sox2. After screening 12 colonies, three stable iPS cell lines were established. Each cell line showed human embryonic stem cell morphology and surface markers. Southern blots and polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that there was no viral DNA integration into iPS cells. Fingerprinting and karyotype analysis confirmed that these iPS cell lines are derived from the parent human fibroblasts. The three human iPS cell lines can differentiate to all three germ layers in vitro, including dopaminergic neurons. After s.c. injection into nonobese diabetic-severe combined immunodeficient mice, each human iPS line produced teratomas within 5 weeks postimplantation. We conclude that adenoviral vectors can reprogram human fibroblasts to pluripotent stem cells for use in individualized cell therapy without the risk for viral or oncogene incorporation.

Effect of Diagnostic Criteria on the Prevalence of Peripheral Arterial Disease The San Luis Valley Diabetes Study

Abstract: Background The ankle/brachial systolic blood pressure index (ABI), a noninvasive measure of peripheral arterial disease (PAD), is widely used in epidemiological studies. However, the normal ranges of the ABI in healthy populations and ABI criteria for the diagnosis of PAD in large population studies have not been critically evaluated. Methods and Results The San Luis Valley Diabetes Study (SLVDS) was designed to evaluate the prevalence and complications of non–insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) in a biethnic population. The present study was conducted as part of the SLVDS to assess the prevalence of vascular disease in 1280 nondiabetic control subjects and 430 patients with NIDDM. The ABI criteria for PAD were developed in 403 healthy individuals with a low risk for cardiovascular disease. In these low-risk subjects, the average resting ABI value was 0.07 lower in women than in men. In both sexes, the dorsalis pedis ABI was 0.04 lower than in the posterior tibial artery, and the left leg ABI was ...

Effect of exercise on total and intra-abdominal body fat in postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial.

Abstract: Context The increasing prevalence of obesity is a major public health concern. Physical activity may promote weight and body fat loss. Objective To examine the effects of exercise on total and intra-abdominal body fat overall and by level of exercise. Design Randomized controlled trial conducted from 1997 to 2001. Setting and Participants A total of 173 sedentary, overweight (body mass index 24.0 and >33% body fat), postmenopausal women aged 50 to 75 years who were living in the Seattle, Wash, area. Intervention Participants were randomly assigned to an intervention consisting of exercise facility and home-based moderate-intensity exercise (n = 87) or a stretching control group (n = 86). Main Outcome Measure Changes in body weight and waist and hip circumferences at 3 and 12 months; total body, intra-abdominal, and subcutaneous abdominal fat at 12 months. Results Twelve-month data were available for 168 women. Women in the exercise group participated in moderate-intensity sports/recreational activity for a mean (SD) of 3.5 (1.2) d/wk for 176 (91) min/wk. Walking was the most frequently reported activity. Exercisers showed statistically significant differences from controls in baseline to 12-month changes in body weight (–1.4 kg; 95% confidence interval [CI], –2.5 to –0.3 kg), total body fat (–1.0%; 95% CI, –1.6% to –0.4%), intra-abdominal fat (–8.6 g/cm2; 95% CI, –17.8 to 0.9 g/cm2), and subcutaneous abdominal fat (–28.8 g/cm2; 95% CI, –47.5 to –10.0 g/cm2). A significant dose response for greater body fat loss was observed with increasing duration of exercise. Conclusions Regular exercise such as brisk walking results in reduced body weight and body fat among overweight and obese postmenopausal women.

International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer/American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society: international multidisciplinary classification of lung adenocarcinoma: executive summary.

Abstract: Introduction: The American Thoracic Society is a cosponsor of a newly published lung adenocarcinoma classification.Methods: An international multidisciplinary panel of experts was formed. A systematic review was performed and recommendations were graded by strength and quality of the evidence using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.Results: The classification addresses both resection specimens and small biopsies/cytology. The terms bronchioloalveolar carcinoma and mixed subtype adenocarcinoma are no longer used. For resection specimens, new concepts are introduced such as adenocarcinoma in situ and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma for small solitary adenocarcinomas with pure lepidic growth and predominant lepidic growth with ≤ 5 mm invasion, respectively. Invasive adenocarcinomas are classified by predominant pattern after using comprehensive histologic subtyping with lepidic, acinar, papillary, and solid patterns; micropapillary is added. In the new ...

Valganciclovir for Symptomatic Congenital Cytomegalovirus Disease

Abstract: BackgroundThe treatment of symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease with intravenous ganciclovir for 6 weeks has been shown to improve audiologic outcomes at 6 months, but the benefits wane over time. MethodsWe conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of valganciclovir therapy in neonates with symptomatic congenital CMV disease, comparing 6 months of therapy with 6 weeks of therapy. The primary end point was the change in hearing in the better ear (“best-ear” hearing) from baseline to 6 months. Secondary end points included the change in hearing from baseline to follow-up at 12 and 24 months and neurodevelopmental outcomes, with each end point adjusted for central nervous system involvement at baseline. ResultsA total of 96 neonates underwent randomization, of whom 86 had follow-up data at 6 months that could be evaluated. Best-ear hearing at 6 months was similar in the 6-month group and the 6-week group (2 and 3 participants, respectively, had improvement; 36 and 37 had no change; and...