Showing papers by "University of Connecticut published in 1969"
TL;DR: The vowel repertoire of a rhesus monkey was explored by means of a computer program that calculated formant frequencies from the area function of the animal's supralaryngeal vocal tract, which was systematically varied within the limits imposed by anatomical constraints.
Abstract: The vowel repertoire of a rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) was explored by means of a computer program that calculated formant frequencies from the area function of the animal's supralaryngeal vocal tract, which was systematically varied within the limits imposed by anatomical constraints. The resulting vowels were compared with those of humans and with recorded vocalizations of nonhuman primates. The computer model indicates that the acoustic "vowel space" of a rhesus monkey is quite restricted compared to that of the human. This limitation results from the lack of a pharyngeal region that can change its cross-sectional area. These animals thus lack the output mechanism necessary for production of human speech. Man's speech output mechanism is apparently species-specific.
191 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a new form of dynamic orbital is proposed for the collision problem, which automatically achieves complete orthonormality, by making allowances for the reluctance of an electronic charge distribution to follow rapid rotation of an internuclear axis.
Abstract: Requirements are outlined for a suitable set of dynamic orbitals for theoretical studies in collision problems. The effect of these upon the wave function, dynamic energy correction, and effective internuclear potential are all considered. It is shown that earlier forms suggested for this type of problem do not meet all required dynamic boundary conditions, principally because of their failure to recognize that physically, for moderate speed collisions, the electron at times "belongs" to the "molecule" proper and not to either atom individually. The earlier orbitals also fail to make allowances for the reluctance of an electronic charge distribution to follow rapid rotation of an internuclear axis. These considerations suggest a new form of dynamic orbital which by remedying these deficiencies automatically achieves complete orthonormality. The results of preliminary charge transfer calculations with the new orbital basis are presented.
157 citations
TL;DR: The data indicate that the ability of subjects to discriminate between the vowels is relatively independent of their linguistic experience: Swedish and American English subjects exhibit similar performance in the discrimination tests, though they have somewhat different identification functions.
Abstract: This study examines the discrimination and identification of synthetic rounded and unrounded vowels by speakers of two languages (English and Swedish). The unrounded vowels are phonemic in both lan...
124 citations
TL;DR: The binding of conjugated and unconjugated bile salts to cholestyramine from aqueous media was investigated and the data plotted according to the Langmuir adsorption equation; higher affinity constants were obtained with the dihydroxy rather than the trihydroxy derivatives.
118 citations
TL;DR: The fatty acid composition of the membrane polar lipids of Mycoplasma laidlawii B can be dramatically altered, resulting in characteristic morphological chlanges, and in most cases the cells remain viable.
Abstract: The fatty acid composition of the membrane polar lipids of Mycoplasma laidlawii B can be dramatically altered. These variations reslut in characteristic morphological chlanges, and in most cases the cells remain viable. This organism should provide a useful system for clarifying the role of fatty acyl chains in biological membranes.
112 citations
TL;DR: The abnormally low frequency of lamellocytes in larvae parasitized by P. bochei indicates that the parasites are, in some way, actively suppressing the defence reaction of D. melanogaster.
100 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors considered a three-phase ordered composite to permit the design of a new material both stiffer and tougher than the matrix phase alone, and the required elastic solution was greatly simplified and was based on a single layered inclusion in an otherwise infinite matrix under uniaxial tension.
Abstract: This investigation considers a hypothetical three-phase ordered composite to permit the design of a new material both stiffer and tougher than the matrix phase alone. The required elastic solution is greatly simplified and was based on a single layered inclusion in an otherwise infinite matrix under uniaxial tension. The solution presented is exact and generalized to accommodate any number of concentric layers of different thickness and composition.
81 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the same degree of association between price and quality over time was found for particular brands of products maintaining their quality-price position over time, while other brands lost their position.
Abstract: Is quality associated with price? Do products maintain the same degree of association between price and quality over time? Do particular brands of products maintain their quality-price position rel...
79 citations
TL;DR: Structural characteristics of the ampullary organs of Kryptopterus make them especially suitable for electrophysiological studies.
Abstract: Ampullary organs of the transparent catfish, Kryptopterus bicirrhus, are present in large numbers on the head and in a regular pattern of lines on the body and fins. The organs lie in the epidermis, and have a pore that opens to the surface. Flattened cells form a roof and walls. On the floor of the organ there are a “sensory hillock,” composed of spherical receptor cells and columnar supporting cells, and a “secretory hillock” composed of columnar secretory cells. The receptor cells are nonciliated and have only afferent innervation. The organ cavity is filled with jelly. The organs are compared with ampullary organs of the weakly electric fish Eigenmannia, ampullae of Lorenzini of Raja, and small pit organs of Amiurus. Structural characteristics of the ampullary organs of Kryptopterus make them especially suitable for electrophysiological studies.
66 citations
TL;DR: The vowel repertoire of a rhesus monkey was explored by means of a computer program that calculated formant frequencies from the area function of the animal's supralaryngeal vocal tract, which was systematically varied within the limits imposed by anatomical constraints.
Abstract: The vowel repertoire of a rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) was explored by means of a computer program that calculated formant frequencies from the area function of the animal's supralaryngeal vocal tract, which was systematically varied within the limits imposed by anatomical constraints. The resulting vowels were compared with human vowels and the vocalizations of nonhuman primates previously analyzed by Lieberman [“Primate Vocalizations and Human Linguistic Ability,” J. Acoust. Sac. Amer. 44, 1574–1584 (1968)]. The results are in accord with the previous study. The computer model indicates that the acoustic “vowel space” of a rhesus monkey is quite restricted as compared to the human range. This limitation is due to an anatomical feature of nonhuman primates, the lack of a pharyngeal region that can change its cross‐sectional area. These animals thus lack the output mechanism that is necessary for the production of human speech. Man's speech‐output mechanism is apparently species specific.
63 citations
TL;DR: It is predicted that cancer patients make extensive use of repressive and denying ego defenses in order to cope with a number of psychological conflicts related to loss and depression, aggression, hostility and dominance, and libidinal as well as narcissistic creative urges.
Abstract: A theory of complementarity between physiological and psychological regression has been proposed previously by us (Bahnson & Bahnson, 1964a & 1966). From this general psychosomatic theory, we have predicted that cancer patients make extensive use of repressive and denying ego defenses in order to cope with a number of psychological conflicts related to loss and depression, aggression, hostility and dominance, and libidinal as well as narcissistic creative urges. Within the framework of this theory of complementarity between different ego defensive modalities and psychosomatic manifestations of repression, the ego defenses repression and projection are conceptualized as extreme, opposing, and mutually exclusive coping mechanisms. Ego adaptive rather than ego defensive coping patterns are represented somewhere near a midpoint between the operation of repression and projection. The type of repression specified herein is secondary repression in contrast to primary repression, which, according to psychoanalytic theory, antecedes the projecting and displacing defenses that are engaged when the primarily repressed impulse returns and is discharged in action or ideation. Secondary repression refers to a continual defense process that successfully prevents the conflictual impulse from ever discharging in ideational or behavioral form. Thus, according to our conceptual framework, a person who utilizes repression blocks any behavioral or cognitive outlet of the disturbing impulse; rather, he must cope with the drive, not psychologically, but somatically, through internal discharge mechanisms. In this more specific definition of repression, the most extreme examples of both defenses, secondary repression and projection, are thought to operate substitutively, or temporally exclusive of each other. Most persons utilize both defenses to varying degrees, but each person at particular points in time probably could be described by his tendency to utilize one defense more readily than the other. If, for the moment, one disregards ego adaptive mechanisms and considers only ego defensive solutions, one may conclude that absence of projection indicates the operation of repression, whereas absence of repression indicates the operation of projection. This conceptualization is central to our theory of complementarity and provides a necessary foundation for the hypothesis evaluated herein: i.e., that cancer patients make use of projective defenses to a lesser extent than do normal subjects. As has been demonstrated so aptly by the Midtown Manhattan Study (Srole et al., 1961 : Langner & Michael, 1963), most “normal” subjects definitely make
TL;DR: Twenty of 24 dogs with mastocytoma had ulcers of the gastroduodenal mucosa, andVascular lesions were frequent in these dogs, and it was considered that the vascular alterations may have contributed to the gastrous ulceration associated with mast-cell neoplasms.
Abstract: One of the most common cutaneous tumors of the dog is the mastocytoma'>, comprising up to 43% of tumors of the skin in certain brachycephalic breeds". Mast cell tumors vary in biologic activity from dog to dog, but all are progressive and should be considered poten tially malignant. They metastasize widely to regional lymph nodes, spleen, liver, and kidney. Approximately 30% will recur locally or in a disseminated form, even subsequent to wide surgical excision. In frequently this neoplasm may develop multicentrically in the skin or lymphoreticular systemv, In the more disseminated form of the disease, there are some close biochemical and histopathologic similarities to mastocytosis of man". Production of histamine by the mast cell was first hypothesized after observing a direct correlation between the concentration of his tamine and the numbers of mast cells in a tissue-s. It was later demons trated that the mast cell contains histidine decarboxylase and is capable of converting histidine to histaminetv. The histamine produced is stored in association with heparin in the metachromatic cytoplasmic granules which characterize this cell. The concentration of histamine in canine mast-cell tumors varies considerab ly, depending on their cellularity and the degree of anaplasia of the tumor cells. They have been found to contain up to 3000 fig of histamine base per gram of wet tissue-s. A rapid release of this potent vasoactive amine from the cytoplas mic granules of the neoplastic mast cells may result in a hypotensive shock-like syndrome. This has been observed following adrninistra
TL;DR: Salivary glands of Chironomus thummi larvae were examined with the light and electron microscopes to obtain information on the structure and function of the gland cells.
TL;DR: The encapsulation reaction normally elicited by the wasp Pseudeucoila mellipes in Drosophila melanogaster fails to occur in hosts parasitized simultaneously or shortly afterwards by resistant PseudeUcoila bochei, but occurs as usual inhosts parasitized by P. bOChei that are themselves susceptible to encapsulation.
TL;DR: This article found that selfenhancement is the normal reaction to a condition of social dependence, while the tendency to claim positive attributes is complicated and inhibited by the knowledge that the target person is aware of his relative power.
TL;DR: The results of this investigation are consistent with a mechanism of secretion formation involving both de novo synthesis of some secretion proteins and the selective uptake, transport, and secretion of hemal proteins by the salivary gland.
Abstract: The soluble proteins in the hemolymph, the salivary gland, and the salivary secretion of fourth instar Chironomus tentans were examined by disc electrophoresis in acrylamide gels. Of the 11 protein fractions detected in buffered saline extracts of the gland, 10 are present also in the hemolymph. Amino acid isotope incorporation experiments indicate that the protein fractions shared by the salivary gland and the hemolymph are not synthesized in the gland but are synthesized in other larval tissues. Immunochemical studies show that most of these proteins eventually are secreted from the gland. The salivary gland in vivo and in vitro is active in de novo protein synthesis. The protein synthesized tends to form large molecular weight aggregates. As demonstrated by radioautography, at least 80% of this protein is secreted from the 30 large cells forming most of the gland. The proteins synthesized in the salivary gland cannot be detected in the hemolymph. The results of this investigation are consistent with a mechanism of secretion formation involving both de novo synthesis of some secretion proteins and the selective uptake, transport, and secretion of hemal proteins by the salivary gland.
TL;DR: Stable levels of P(FR) occur in light-grown suspension cultures of wild carrot and reappearance of phytochrome also follows light-induced pigment destruction in dark-grown tissue, which is compatible with the idea of an equilibrium between processes of synthesis and destruction in tissue grown in the light.
Abstract: Stable levels of P(FR) occur in light-grown suspension cultures of wild carrot. Upon darkening such tissue, P(R) accumulates until the high P(R) level characteristics of dark-grown tissue is reached. Data are compatible with the idea of an equilibrium between processes of synthesis and destruction in tissue grown in the light. Reappearance of phytochrome also follows light-induced pigment destruction in dark-grown tissue. The rate of P(R) appearance is similar in both cases. The rate of disappearance of P(FR), however, is slower in light-grown tissue than in dark-grown tissue.
TL;DR: In this article, the sequence of formation of plates in isothermal martensite transformation is taken into consideration in a modification of an earlier model of the isothermal kinetics, and the spread of nucleation to untransformed grains and the continuing transformation within the already nucleated grains are simultaneously considered in computing the transformation curves.
TL;DR: Ampullary receptor organs of the South American weakly electric gymnotid fish Eigenmannia virescens are compared to tuberous receptor organs found in the same species, and the functional significance of the fine structure observed in these cells is discussed.
Abstract: Ampullary receptor organs of the South American weakly electric gymnotid fish Eigenmannia virescens consist of a pore at the surface of the skin, a canal through the epidermis, and the expanded basal end of the canal in the corium. The cavity of the organ contains a jelly that is filled with fine fibers. The canal wall consists of three to six layers of flattened cells that appear to be derived from the adjacent skin. Along the lumen of the organ the cells are joined by tight junctions. Usually there are four spherical receptor cells in the base of the organ. They are innervated by single neural terminals. These organs are compared to tuberous receptor organs found in the same species, and the functional significance of the fine structure observed in these cells is discussed.
TL;DR: The retarded were found to be significantly less accepted than the nonretarded, equally low in the social structure of both the academic and nonacademic classes in which they participated, and seemingly unaware of their low social position in regular classes.
Abstract: A sociometric instrument was administered in 30 regular junior high classes to measure various aspects of the acceptance of 23 educable mentally retarded special class students participating in these classes with 1,010 nonretarded students. The retarded were found to be (a) significantly less accepted than the nonretarded, (b) equally low in the social structure of both the academic and nonacademic classes in which they participated, and (c) seemingly unaware of their low social position in regular classes. Their level of acceptance in the special class was positively related to their degree of acceptance in regular classes. A discussion of implications for educational placement and areas in need of further study concludes the article.
TL;DR: In this paper, a systematic description of saccate plant microfossils from the northern Perth Basin is given. Twentynine species are described, five of which are new, and three new combinations are proposed.
Abstract: Systematic descriptions of saccate plant microfossils from the northern Perth Basin are given. Twenty-nine species are described, five of which are new. Three new combinations are proposed. The stratigraphic distribution of each species is given.
TL;DR: Nineteen primary tumors of the central nervous system from dogs and 4 from cats are described and one ependymoma and 1 meningioma were located in the spinal cord.
Abstract: Nineteen primary tumors of the central nervous system from dogs and 4 from cats are described. In the group of dogs, 15 were from brachycephalic breeds and 10 of these were boxers. Their tumors included 3 glioblastomas, 3 oligodendrogliomas, 3 astrocytomas, 3 ependymomas, 2 medulloblastomas, 4 meningiomas, and 1 malignant meningioma. One ependymoma and 1 meningioma were located in the spinal cord. The 4 neoplasms from cats were meningiomas.
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01 Jan 1969TL;DR: The rate of dissolution of reserpine from the coprecipitates in a 1:16 molar ratio showed a rank order correlation with in vivo potency, and this correlation was noted to be due most probably to a reduction in the particle size of Reserpine during the formation of theCoprecipitating.
TL;DR: This article found that the Montessori children used significantly more physical characteristics to describe commonplace objects, whereas significantly more functional terms were used by the nursery school children in their descriptions, and that the nursery children were significantly more creative on a measure of non-verbal creativity, were more socially oriented, and less task oriented than the preschool children.
Abstract: Cognitive performance was measured in fourteen pairs of children, matched in social class, CA, sex and IQ, selected from a Montessori and from a “traditional” nursery school. No differences were found between the parents in these schools on such measures of social and parental attitudes and behavior as: achievement orientation, traditional family ideology, dogmatism, anomie, parental control behavior, or task oriented vs. person oriented values. The nursery school children were significantly more creative on a measure of non-verbal creativity, were more socially oriented, and less task oriented than the Montessori children.Style of approach to tests was felt to be a critical outcome of the two educational environments. The Montessori children used significantly more physical characteristics to describe commonplace objects, whereas significantly more functional terms were used by the nursery school children in their descriptions. Montessori children’s drawings had people present significantly less ...
TL;DR: It was found that 36% of the administered nickel carbonyl was exhaled without metabolic alteration within 6 hours after injection, and most of the remaining Ni(CO) 4 underwent intracellular decomposition and oxidation to Ni 2+ and CO.
TL;DR: Although the components of the shell and ligament are similar, differences between them consist of an increased amount of conchiolin, as well as a decrease in the amount, diversity of form, arrangement and growth of the crystals; all probably related to the specialized function of the ligament.
Abstract: An electron microscope study was made of the formation and structure of the inner ligament ofMytilus edulis andPinctada radiata. This part of the ligament is derived from the isthmus cells which are irregular columnar in shape. They exhibit a prominent rough endoplasmic reticulum and a Golgi apparatus, which are concerned with the elaboration of vesicles and granules eventually incorporated into an integral part of the conchiolin.