Institution
University of Copenhagen
Education•Copenhagen, Denmark•
About: University of Copenhagen is a education organization based out in Copenhagen, Denmark. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Galaxy. The organization has 57645 authors who have published 149740 publications receiving 5903093 citations. The organization is also known as: Copenhagen University & Københavns Universitet.
Topics: Population, Galaxy, Insulin, Skeletal muscle, Diabetes mellitus
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: In this article, a high-quality draft genome sequence of the diploid P. bretschneideri Rehd was provided for de novo assembly of a highly heterozygous genome of this size with highly repetitive DNA sequences.
Abstract: Pear, the third most important temperate fruit species after grape and apple, belongs to the subfamily Pomoideae in the family Rosaceae. The majority of cultivated pears are functional diploids (2n = 34). As a popular fruit in the world market, pear has widespread cultivation on six continents, with major production in China, the United States, Italy, Argentina, and Spain (Supplemental Fig. 1). Pears are among the oldest of the world's fruit crops, with >3000 yr of cultivation history (Lombard and Westwood 1987), likely originating during the Tertiary period (65–55 million years ago [MYA]) in the mountainous regions of southwestern China and, from there, spreading on to both the East and West (Rubtsov 1944; Zeven and Zhukovsky 1975). Central Asia and eastern China are identified as two subcenters of genetic diversity for pear (Vavilov 1951). The Pyrus genus is genetically diverse with thousands of cultivars, but it can be divided into two major groups, Occidental pears (European pears) and Oriental pears (Asiatic pears). At least 22 primary species are well-recognized in Pyrus; however, only a few species, including Pyrus bretschneideri, Pyrus pyrifolia, Pyrus ussuriensis, Pyrus sinkiangensis, and Pyrus communis, have been utilized for fruit production.
Herein, we report on a high-quality draft genome sequence of the diploid P. bretschneideri Rehd. cv. ‘Dangshansuli’ (also known as ‘Suli’), the most important commercial Asiatic pear cultivar grown in the world (>4 million tons per year), having >500 yr of cultivated history in China. Pear is highly heterozygous due to self-incompatibility and interspecies compatibility. The genome is known to have an abundance of repetitive DNA sequences. In this study, a novel combination of BAC-by-BAC (bacterial artificial chromosome) strategy, with Illumina sequencing technology, is used for the first time for de novo assembly of a highly heterozygous genome of this size with highly repetitive DNA sequences. This has demonstrated that a complex plant genome sequence can be assembled and characterized using these technologies without the availability of a physical reference. Additionally, we also report on primary factors contributing to genome size differences between pear and apple, both belonging to the subfamily Pomoideae; chromosomal evolution of Rosaceae; and genes controlling valuable traits of pear, including self-incompatibility, lignified stone cells in flesh of fruit (unique to pear), sugar, and aroma.
742 citations
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International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center1, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics2, Beijing Genomics Institute3, University of Georgia4, National Center for Genome Resources5, University of North Carolina at Charlotte6, National University of Ireland, Galway7, University of California, Davis8, Monsanto9, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory10, University of Copenhagen11
TL;DR: This reference genome sequence will facilitate the identification of the genetic basis of agronomically important traits, and accelerate the development of improved pigeonpea varieties that could improve food security in many developing countries.
Abstract: Pigeonpea is an important legume food crop grown primarily by smallholder farmers in many semi-arid tropical regions of the world. We used the Illumina next-generation sequencing platform to generate 237.2 Gb of sequence, which along with Sanger-based bacterial artificial chromosome end sequences and a genetic map, we assembled into scaffolds representing 72.7% (605.78 Mb) of the 833.07 Mb pigeonpea genome. Genome analysis predicted 48,680 genes for pigeonpea and also showed the potential role that certain gene families, for example, drought tolerance-related genes, have played throughout the domestication of pigeonpea and the evolution of its ancestors. Although we found a few segmental duplication events, we did not observe the recent genome-wide duplication events observed in soybean. This reference genome sequence will facilitate the identification of the genetic basis of agronomically important traits, and accelerate the development of improved pigeonpea varieties that could improve food security in many developing countries.
741 citations
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University College London1, Royal Free Hospital2, Heidelberg University3, University of Notre Dame4, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital5, University of Copenhagen6, University of California, San Francisco7, University of Western Australia8, Ninewells Hospital9, Technische Universität München10, East Carolina University11, National Cancer Research Institute12
TL;DR: 5-year results for local recurrence and the first analysis of overall survival are reported and complications and mortality were much the same between groups but grade 3 or 4 skin complications were significantly reduced with TARGIT.
740 citations
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TL;DR: Major breakthroughs include the ability to produce glucosinolates in Nicotiana benthamiana, the finding that specific glucos inolates play a key role in Arabidopsis innate immune response, and a better understanding of the link between primary sulfur metabolism and glucosInolate biosynthesis.
740 citations
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TL;DR: Evidence is provided that treatment with GLP-1R agonists leads to weight loss in overweight or obese patients with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Abstract: Objective To determine whether treatment with agonists of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) result in weight loss in overweight or obese patients with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus. Design Systematic review with meta-analyses. Data sources Electronic searches (Cochrane Library, Medline, Embase, and Web of Science) and manual searches (up to May 2011). Review methods Randomised controlled trials of adult participants with a body mass index of 25 or higher; with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus; and who received exenatide twice daily, exenatide once weekly, or liraglutide once daily at clinically relevant doses for at least 20 weeks. Control interventions assessed were placebo, oral antidiabetic drugs, or insulin. Data extraction Three authors independently extracted data. We used random effects models for the primary meta-analyses. We also did subgroup, sensitivity, regression, and sequential analyses to evaluate sources of intertrial heterogeneity, bias, and the robustness of results after adjusting for multiple testing and random errors. Results 25 trials were included in the analysis. GLP-1R agonist groups achieved a greater weight loss than control groups (weighted mean difference −2.9 kg, 95% confidence interval –3.6 to –2.2; 21 trials, 6411 participants). We found evidence of intertrial heterogeneity, but no evidence of bias or small study effects in regression analyses. The results were confirmed in sequential analyses. We recorded weight loss in the GLP-1R agonist groups for patients without diabetes (–3.2 kg, –4.3 to –2.1; three trials) as well as patients with diabetes (–2.8 kg, –3.4 to –2.3; 18 trials). In the overall analysis, GLP-1R agonists had beneficial effects on systolic and diastolic blood pressure, plasma concentrations of cholesterol, and glycaemic control, but did not have a significant effect on plasma concentrations of liver enzymes. GLP-1R agonists were associated with nausea, diarrhoea, and vomiting, but not with hypoglycaemia. Conclusions The present review provides evidence that treatment with GLP-1R agonists leads to weight loss in overweight or obese patients with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus.
740 citations
Authors
Showing all 58387 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Michael Karin | 236 | 704 | 226485 |
Matthias Mann | 221 | 887 | 230213 |
Peer Bork | 206 | 697 | 245427 |
Ronald Klein | 194 | 1305 | 149140 |
Kenneth S. Kendler | 177 | 1327 | 142251 |
Dorret I. Boomsma | 176 | 1507 | 136353 |
Ramachandran S. Vasan | 172 | 1100 | 138108 |
Unnur Thorsteinsdottir | 167 | 444 | 121009 |
Mika Kivimäki | 166 | 1515 | 141468 |
Jun Wang | 166 | 1093 | 141621 |
Anders Björklund | 165 | 769 | 84268 |
Gerald I. Shulman | 164 | 579 | 109520 |
Jaakko Kaprio | 163 | 1532 | 126320 |
Veikko Salomaa | 162 | 843 | 135046 |
Daniel J. Jacob | 162 | 656 | 76530 |