University of Costa Rica

About: University of Costa Rica is a education organization based out in San José, Costa Rica. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Venom. The organization has 9817 authors who have published 16781 publications receiving 238208 citations. The organization is also known as: UCR & Universidad de Costa Rica.

Spillovers from Conservation Programs

Abstract: Conservation programs have increased significantly, as has the evaluation of their impacts. However, the evaluation of their potential impacts beyond program borders has been scarce. Such spillovers can significantly reduce or increase net impacts. In this review, we discuss how conservation programs might affect outcomes beyond their borders and present some evidence of when they have or have not. We focus on five major channels by which spillovers can arise: (1) input reallocation; (2) market prices; (3) learning; (4) nonpecuniary motivations; and (5) ecological-physical links. We highlight evidence for each channel and emphasize that estimates often may reflect multiple channels. Future research could test for spillovers within different contexts and could separate the effects of different channels.

Unrecognized coral species diversity masks differences in functional ecology

Abstract: Porites corals are foundation species on Pacific reefs but a confused taxonomy hinders understanding of their ecosystem function and responses to climate change. Here, we show that what has been considered a single species in the eastern tropical Pacific, Porites lobata, includes a morphologically similar yet ecologically distinct species, Porites evermanni. While P. lobata reproduces mainly sexually, P. evermanni dominates in areas where triggerfish prey on bioeroding mussels living within the coral skeleton, thereby generating asexual coral fragments. These fragments proliferate in marginal habitat not colonized by P. lobata. The two Porites species also show a differential bleaching response despite hosting the same dominant symbiont subclade. Thus, hidden diversity within these reef-builders has until now obscured differences in trophic interactions, reproductive dynamics and bleaching susceptibility, indicative of differential responses when confronted with future climate change.

Colon carcinoma in children and adolescents: prognostic factors and outcome—a review of 11 cases

Abstract: Background Carcinoma of the colon and rectum is rare in the pediatric age group, and usually presents with an advanced stage disease bearing a poor prognosis. Colorectal carcinoma should be considered in children with signs of intestinal obstruction, alteration in bowel habits, gastrointestinal bleeding and chronic abdominal pain. We performed a retrospective study to evaluate the clinical characteristics, and prognosis of these patients.

Pérdida de zooxantelas y muerte de corales y otros organismos arrecifales en el Caribe y Pacífico de Costa Rica

Abstract: Since June, 1983 many corals and other reef organisms on the Caribbean and Pacific coasts of Costa Rica were observed to be bleached, due to loss of their symbiotic zooxanthellae. Some of the corals recovered by the end of October while others died. Observations, mainly at Parque Nacional Cahuita, Limon (Caribbean coast), were not conclusive as lo the causative agent for this massive death, High water temperatures, combined with other environmental stresses, could be responsible, since in June, 1983, temperatures of 33 and 35 °C were recorded at Cahuita. Apparently the boring sponge Cliona caribbea profited by the massive death of these corals.