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Institution

University of Costa Rica

EducationSan José, Costa Rica
About: University of Costa Rica is a education organization based out in San José, Costa Rica. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Venom. The organization has 9817 authors who have published 16781 publications receiving 238208 citations. The organization is also known as: UCR & Universidad de Costa Rica.
Topics: Population, Venom, Antivenom, Snake venom, Myotoxin


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This work has used a nonparametric linkage analysis of large, complex pedigrees with multiple inbreeding loops from a Costa Rican kindred segregating for severe bipolar disorder to suggest a new locus on chromosome 5 that was not identified using traditional linkage analysis.
Abstract: Recently developed algorithms permit nonparametric linkage analysis of large, complex pedigrees with multiple inbreeding loops. We have used one such algorithm, implemented in the package SimWalk2, to reanalyze previously published genome-screen data from a Costa Rican kindred segregating for severe bipolar disorder. Our results are consistent with previous linkage findings on chromosome 18 and suggest a new locus on chromosome 5 that was not identified using traditional linkage analysis.

56 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Fucoidan significantly inhibited muscle damage in mice, when administered locally, immediately after experimental envenomation with crude venom from B. asper, encouraging further studies of sulfated fucans as compounds of potential use to improve the treatment of envenmations by crotaline snakes.

56 citations

Book ChapterDOI
13 Sep 2004
TL;DR: A mathematical proof of convergence of a multiobjective artificial immune system algorithm (based on clonal selection theory) is presented, based on the use of Markov chains.
Abstract: This paper presents a mathematical proof of convergence of a multiobjective artificial immune system algorithm (based on clonal selection theory). An specific algorithm (previously reported in the specialized literature) is adopted as a basis for the mathematical model presented herein. The proof is based on the use of Markov chains.

56 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The heterozygote advantage experienced by females may be the most plausible explanation for the maintenance of this polymorphism in A. geoffroyi, and more studies need to evaluate social foraging behaviour and the performance of different phenotypes of other New World monkeys to determine if this is a global explanation for this phenomena.
Abstract: Most platyrrhine monkeys have an X-linked tri-allelic polymorphism for medium and long wavelength (M/L) sensitive cone photopigments. These pigments' sensitivity maxima (λmax) range from 535 to 562 nm. All animals also have an autosomally coded short-wavelength-sensitive (S) cone pigment. In populations with three M/L alleles there are six different colour vision phenotypes. Heterozygous females have trichromatic colour vision, while males and homozygous females are dichromats. The selective basis for this polymorphism is not understood, but is probably affected by the costs and benefits of trichromatic compared to dichromatic colour vision. For example, it has been suggested that trichromats are better equipped than dichromats to detect fruit against a leaf background. To investigate this possibility, we modeled fruit detection by various colour vision phenotypes present in the frugivorous spider monkey, Ateles geoffroyi. Our study population is thought to have three M/L alleles with cone pigment λmax values close to 535, 550 and 562 nm. The model predicted that all trichromat phenotypes had an advantage over dichromats, and the 535/562 nm phenotype was best; however, the model predicted that dichromats could detect all of the fruit species consumed by spider monkeys. We conclude that the heterozygote advantage experienced by females may be the most plausible explanation for the maintenance of this polymorphism in A. geoffroyi. Nevertheless, more studies need to evaluate social foraging behaviour and the performance of different phenotypes of other New World monkeys to determine if this is a global explanation for this phenomena or more specific to A. geofforyi.

56 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Analysis of microsatellite loci from the nonrecombining portion of the human Y chromosome in 15 diverse human populations shows that most populations have the same set of the most frequent alleles at these loci, indicating a recent common ancestry and/or extensive male migration during human evolutionary history.
Abstract: We have analyzed five microsatellite loci from the nonrecombining portion of the human Y chromosome in 15 diverse human populations to evaluate their usefulness in the reconstruction of human evolution and early male migrations. The results show that, in general, most populations have the same set of the most frequent alleles at these loci. Hypothetical ancestral haplotypes, reconstructed on the basis of these alleles and their close derivatives, are shared by multiple populations across racial and geographical boundaries. A network of the observed haplotypes is characterized by a lack of clustering of geographically proximal populations. In spite of this, few distinct clusters of closely related populations emerged in the network, which are associated with population-specific alleles. A tree based on allele frequencies also shows similar results. Lack of haplotypic structure associated with the presumed ancestral haplotypes consisting of individuals from almost all populations indicate a recent common ancestry and/or extensive male migration during human evolutionary history. The convergent nature of microsatellite mutation confounds population relationships. Optimum resolution of Y chromosome evolution will require the use of additional microsatellite loci and diallelic genetic markers with lower mutation rates.

56 citations


Authors

Showing all 9922 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Alberto Ascherio13646269578
Gervasio Gomez133184499695
Myron M. Levine12378960865
Hong-Cai Zhou11448966320
Edward O. Wilson10140689994
Mary Claire King10033647454
Olga Martín-Belloso8638423428
José María Gutiérrez8460726779
Cesare Montecucco8438227738
Rodolphe Clérac7850622604
Kim R. Dunbar7447020262
Paul J. Hanson7025119504
Hannia Campos6921015164
Jean-Pierre Gorvel6723115005
F. Albert Cotton66102327647
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202325
2022155
2021864
20201,009
2019894
2018834