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Showing papers by "University of Crete published in 2022"



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed mineralogic and geochemical characteristics of dust sediments at the source regions and in deposition areas in southwest Iran during three dust-storm events in winter and spring 2018.

14 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Output Status: Forthcoming/Available Online Additional authors: P.J. Deacon, B.T. Jennings, A.I. Moore, D. Phillips, G.F. Scolamacchia, N. Castanheira and M. Pavlidis.
Abstract: Output Status: Forthcoming/Available Online Additional authors: P.T.J. Deacon, B.T. Jennings, A. Deakin, A.I. Moore, D. Phillips, G. Bardera, M.F. Castanheira, M. Scolamacchia, N. Clarke, O. Parker, J. Avizienius, M. Johnstone & M. Pavlidis

14 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , a systematic literature review results from 2015 to 2020 will give a concrete picture of the recently existing mobile learning apps for refugees and their characteristics according to the research findings, 15 characteristics were collected out of 14 applications.
Abstract: The proliferation of mobile devices in everyday life since the end of the 20th century has led to mobile applications for educational purposes and the creation of the research field of mobile learning. Despite the extended research interest on the effectiveness of this field, there is limited research on mobile learning for various social groups, such as refugees, students with learning difficulties and disabilities. Due to the unprecedented number (over one hundred million) of refugees during the second decade of the 21st century worldwide, many NGOs (Non-Governmental Organizations) and UN (United Nations) initiatives have proposed leveraging mobile learning for refugee educational needs. This research article focuses on mobile learning for refugee education. Namely, the present systematic literature review results from 2015 to 2020 will give a concrete picture of the recently existing mobile learning apps for refugees and their characteristics. According to the research findings, 15 characteristics were collected out of 14 applications. According to prior literature, areas of agreement or discrepancies in the field were found. Two new -to previous literature- characteristics were revealed: interwoven psychological and educational features and refugees’ cultural features in the apps. The summarization and categorization of the app’s characteristics aim to contribute to mobile learning research and impact game developers, educators, and NGOs according to refugee needs. The limitations of this study and issues for further exploration will also be discussed in the last sections.

11 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, evidence from multiple studies showed that chemicals used for major disinfectant products can induce hormesis in various organisms, such as plants, animal cells, and microorganisms, when applied singly or in mixtures, suggesting potential ecological risks at sub-threshold doses that are normally considered safe.

11 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , the authors survey both earlier and recent findings, highlighting the intricate interaction of autophagic and cell death pathways, and discuss paradigms where this cross-talk is disrupted, in the context of disease.
Abstract: Autophagy is a universal cellular homeostatic process, required for the clearance of dysfunctional macromolecules or organelles. This self-digestion mechanism modulates cell survival, either directly by targeting cell death players, or indirectly by maintaining cellular balance and bioenergetics. Nevertheless, under acute or accumulated stress, autophagy can also contribute to promote different modes of cell death, either through highly regulated signalling events, or in a more uncontrolled inflammatory manner. Conversely, apoptotic or necroptotic factors have also been implicated in the regulation of autophagy, while specific factors regulate both processes. Here, we survey both earlier and recent findings, highlighting the intricate interaction of autophagic and cell death pathways. We, Furthermore, discuss paradigms, where this cross-talk is disrupted, in the context of disease.

11 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a review highlights the impact of an unhealthy diet on tissues affected by obesity, and the mechanisms that promote the consequent inflammation and senescence, distinguished by irreversible cell cycle arrest.
Abstract: Adequate nutrition is vital for immune homeostasis. However, the incidence of obesity is increasing worldwide due to the adoption of the Western diet and a sedentary lifestyle. Obesity is associated with chronic inflammation which alters the function of adipose tissue, liver, pancreas, and the nervous system. Inflammation is related to cellular senescence, distinguished by irreversible cell cycle arrest. Senescent cells secrete the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) which contains pro-inflammatory factors. Targeting processes in senescence might have a salutary approach to obesity. The present review highlights the impact of an unhealthy diet on tissues affected by obesity, and the mechanisms that promote the consequent inflammation and senescence.

10 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , high-sensitive and stable ozone and hydrogen sensing elements were fabricated based on well-crystalline rounded cube-shaped CsPbBr3 microcrystals, synthesized by a facile solution process performed under ambient conditions.

9 citations



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , the ozone mixing ratio spatiotemporal variability in the pristine South Pacific Ocean is studied, for the first time, using 21-year-long ozone (O3) records from the entire southern tropical and subtropical Pacific between 1994 and 2014.
Abstract: Abstract. The ozone mixing ratio spatiotemporal variability in the pristine South Pacific Ocean is studied, for the first time, using 21-year-long ozone (O3) records from the entire southern tropical and subtropical Pacific between 1994 and 2014. The analysis considered regional O3 vertical observations from ozonesondes, surface carbon monoxide (CO) observations from flasks, and three-dimensional chemistry-transport model simulations of the global troposphere. Two 21-year-long numerical simulations, with and without biomass burning emissions, were performed to disentangle the importance of biomass burning relative to stratospheric intrusions for ambient ozone levels in the region. Tagged tracers of O3 from the stratosphere and CO from various biomass burning regions have been used to track the impact of these different regions on the southern tropical Pacific O3 and CO levels. Patterns have been analyzed based on atmospheric dynamics variability. Considering the interannual variability in the observations, the model can capture the observed ozone gradients in the troposphere with a positive bias of 7.5 % in the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere (UTLS) as well as near the surface. Remarkably, even the most pristine region of the global ocean is affected by distant biomass burning emissions by convective outflow through the mid and high troposphere and subsequent subsidence over the pristine oceanic region. Therefore, the biomass burning contribution to tropospheric CO levels maximizes in the UTLS. The Southeast Asian open fires have been identified as the major contributing source to CO from biomass burning in the tropical South Pacific, contributing on average for the study period about 8.5 and 13 ppbv of CO at Rapa Nui and Samoa, respectively, at an altitude of around 12 km during the burning season in the spring of the Southern Hemisphere. South America is the second-most important biomass burning source region that influences the study area. Its impact maximizes in the lower troposphere (6.5 ppbv for Rapa Nui and 3.8 ppbv for Samoa). All biomass burning sources contribute about 15–23 ppbv of CO at Rapa Nui and Samoa and account for about 25 % of the total CO in the entire troposphere of the tropical and subtropical South Pacific. This impact is also seen on tropospheric O3, to which biomass burning O3 precursor emissions contribute only a few ppbv during the burning period, while the stratosphere–troposphere exchange is the most important source of O3 for the mid troposphere of the South Pacific Ocean, contributing about 15–20 ppbv in the subtropics.

6 citations


Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2022
TL;DR: Most of the preclinical studies based on animal models found that Nigella sativa extract in any form such N. sativa or the powdered form suggest its positive impact on the endocrine system as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Most of the preclinical studies based on animal models found that Nigella sativa extract in any form such N. sativa or the powdered form suggest its positive impact on the endocrine system. In particular, N. sativa appears helpful with regard to restoring the healthy histological architecture of endocrine tissue or its active constituents. In a general sense, it has manifested potential to directly remodel/modify their function, mitigating the hormonal disturbances seen in most common endocrine disorders such as thyroid dysfunction, metabolic, adrenal, and gonadal disorders. The therapeutic action of N. sativa is largely contributed by thymoquinone, a monoterpene compound. This monoterpene acts as a molecular scavenger of reactive oxygen species. It protects the endocrine tissue from the free radical species’ damaging effect and contributes in rebalancing hormonal disturbances. More extensive and rigorous preclinical research in combination with clinical studies can unravel the therapeutic properties and features of N. sativa in the context of specific endocrine disorders. At the same time working on technological novelties capable of improving its bioavailability and penetration potential is quite promising, while refining the regulatory framework of this research and its potential clinical implications is necessary.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors investigate the hemodynamic effect of different main body lengths in bifurcated aortic grafts using 3D computer models, and they show that a long main body of a Bifemoral surgical graft results in significantly reduced total resistance compared to a short proximal main tube with two long distal limbs, while the differences observed in TAWSS, OSI and RRT between models are small.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , the authors reported the synthesis of 2D/2D SnS2/g-C3N4 layered heterostructures with reduced interfacial resistance and improved charge transfer kinetics via a photochemical deposition method.
Abstract: Cost-effective and efficient photocatalysts are in demand for high-performance clean energy and environmental technologies. In this article, we report the synthesis of 2D/2D SnS2/g-C3N4 layered heterostructures with reduced interfacial resistance and improved charge transfer kinetics via a photochemical deposition method. The SnS2/g-C3N4 catalysts demonstrate outstanding photocatalytic Cr(VI) reduction (with a 21.2 μmol h–1 Cr(VI) consumption rate) and water oxidation (with a 15.1 μmol h–1 O2 evolution rate) activity, reaching energy conversion efficiencies of up to 16.4% and 12.1% at 375 nm and 410 nm, respectively, that is among the best known Cr(VI) reduction catalysts reported to date. Based on X-ray photoelectron and UV–vis/NIR absorption spectroscopy, and electrochemical and photoelectrochemical measurements, we provide a mechanistic understanding of the redox reactions and charge transport dynamics in this catalytic system. The results demonstrate the potential viability of the SnS2-decorated g-C3N4 nano-heterostructures for environmental remediation applications, including decontamination of Cr(VI)-polluted aquatic systems.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the relative sensitivity of cross recurrence quantification analysis (CRQA) to identify aberrant functional brain connectivity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) in comparison with conventional static and dynamic bivariate FC measures, as well as univariate (nodal) RQA was assessed.

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2022
TL;DR: In this article , the current state of knowledge on the impacts of air pollution on terrestrial vegetation in general and in the Mediterranean region is summarized, and plant physiological responses to an excess of critical nutrient levels are presented and discussed.
Abstract: This chapter summarizes the current state of knowledge on the impacts of air pollution on terrestrial vegetation in general and in the Mediterranean region. These impacts occur either indirectly through changes in the physical state of the atmosphere, such as increase in the temperature (caused by greenhouse gases), and in the diffuse radiation (caused by aerosols) that reaches vegetation, or directly through phytotoxicity resulting from ozone, sulfur, nitrogen, and other pollutants’ stomatal and non-stomatal uptake by the plants, nutrient balance modification by atmospheric deposition, transfer of plant diseases by aerosols, and pollution by persistent pollutants and metals. Abiotic and biotic stresses can also alter the composition, amounts, and functioning of volatile organic compounds that are emitted by the plants and play known ecological roles. These impacts are summarized, and plant physiological responses to an excess of critical nutrient levels are presented and discussed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a pipeline based on fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) is described to measure and analyze turnover of peripheral or transmembrane proteins on the cell plate.
Abstract: Membrane trafficking is central to cell plate construction during plant cytokinesis. Studies on cell plate formation can provide answers to basic biology questions including molecular mechanisms of membrane trafficking, tissue patterning, and cytoskeletal dynamics. Consequently, a detailed understanding of cytokinesis depends on the characterization of molecules that function in the formation, transport, targeting, and fusion of membrane vesicles and delivery of proteins to the developing and maturing plate. This chapter describes a pipeline based on fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) to measure and analyze turnover of peripheral or transmembrane proteins on the cell plate. The approach described here can also be applied in other biological contexts.

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2022
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the applications of the IoT and m-health in healthcare and proposed innovative methods for improving health via computational technologies and techniques for integrating IoT and mobile health, including a proposed model for diabetes self-management.
Abstract: Using big data in health is booming. Recently, several novel innovations and techniques applying big data to Bioinformatics and health research are released. Nowadays, devices such as smartphones, sensors; individuals like patients, healthcare professionals, or investigators and collective entities such as healthcare facilities and institutions are regularly creating and collecting a vast quantity of health data that can diagnose and treat new disorders. The genuine dilemma in applying mobile health is how to identify, collect, analyze, and distribute information to make better and simpler lives for individuals via early predicting risk factors. For instance, researchers have built many techniques to enable managing chronic diseases. Medical devices for ongoing monitoring health indicators or detecting timely online healthcare data like patient self-administering physical therapy are greatly needed. Today, for accessing high-speed internet connections on mobile phones, several smart patients are using smartphone applications (apps) to monitor routinely various daily health demands. Such smartphone apps and devices are increasingly utilized and embedded with e-health and telemedicine through the Internet of Things (IoT). However, confidentiality and safety are major concerns that require cooperation with policymakers and prompt communication of potential hazards. This work examines the applications of the IoT and m-health in healthcare. It also describes innovative methods for improving health via computational technologies and techniques for integrating IoT and m-health, including a proposed model for diabetes self-management.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , a 35-year-old male patient presented with acute left leg ischemia and thrombocytopenia 11-days after vaccination requiring emergent thoracic thoracotomy.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: CombiCSP as mentioned in this paper is an open source software for dynamic modeling of concentrating solar energy power plants, which can be extended to novel solar energy modeling approaches and analyses as needed.
Abstract: CombiCSP is an open source software for dynamic modeling of concentrating solar energy power plants. CombiCSP utilizes solar resource, system engineering inputs as well as financial tools to provide dynamic simulations and annual yields of concentrating solar power plants. It readily provides modeling of plants based on solar power tower and parabolic trough collectors and it can be extended to novel solar energy modeling approaches and analyses as needed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Li et al. as mentioned in this paper compared LiSA's and HRI's performance on NAFLD assessment and found that LiSA is more accurate than HRI in hepatic steatosis (HS) differentiation.
Abstract: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most widespread chronic liver disease type in the Western countries. Ultrasound (US) is used for NAFLD and hepatic steatosis (HS) grading. The most popular US method for NAFLD assessment is the hepatorenal index (HRI), but because of its limitations, other noninvasive methods have been developed. The Resona 7 US system has recently incorporated an US attenuation-related quantitative feature, liver ultrasound attenuation (LiSA), for HS estimation. The purpose of this study is to compare LiSA's and HRI's performance on NAFLD assessment.A total of 159 NAFLD patients having a magnetic resonance imaging-proton density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF) examination were examined by 2 radiologists, who performed LiSA and HRI measurements in the liver. Correlation of LiSA's and HRI's measurements with MRI-PDFF values was calculated through Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC). To further investigate the performance of LiSA and HRI, optimum cutoffs, provided by the literature, were used to correspond HS grades to MRI-PDFF results. Moreover, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis on LiSA measurements and steatosis grades was performed.Magnetic resonance imaging-PDFF was better correlated with LiSA (PCC = 0.80) than HRI (PCC = 0.67). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed better performance range for LiSA (77.8%-91.8%) than for HRI (72.8%-85.4%) on all HS grades for all studies used for corresponding MRI-PDFF values to HS grades.The results indicate that LiSA is more accurate than HRI in HS differentiation and can lead to more accurate grading of HS on NAFLD patients.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Permethyl-β-cyclodextrin (pMβCD) stands out as a very capable molecular isolator of mono-carboxyalkyl-arylporphyrins that increases uptake and modulates their localization in the cells.

Journal ArticleDOI
05 Feb 2022
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors present a COVID-19 report on COVID, where the authors propose a method to measure the performance of the COVID dataset by using a set of metrics, such as τήρηση των υγειονομικών μέτρων.
Abstract: Η έρευνα μελετά τις επιπτώσεις της πανδημίας του COVID-19 στην ψυχική υγεία νεαρών ενηλίκων εξετάζοντας τα επίπεδα κατάθλιψης, άγχους και στρες καθώς και την βίωση θετικών και αρνητικών συναισθημάτων κατά την πρώτη καραντίνα. Ως επιβαρυντικοί παράγοντες για την ψυχική υγεία εξετάζονται τα επίπεδα ανησυχίας προσβολής από τον ιό, ο βαθμός διατάραξης της καθημερινότητας, η τήρηση των υγειονομικών μέτρων, η γνωριμία με πάσχον άτομο και το φύλο. Μελετάται επίσης πώς οι συμμετέχοντες κατένειμαν τον χρόνο τους και η σχέση του με τους δείκτες ψυχικής υγείας. Στη μελέτη έλαβαν μέρος 1060 φοιτητές, προπτυχιακοί και μεταπτυχιακοί από όλη την χώρα, που συμπλήρωσαν ένα ανώνυμο διαδικτυακό ερωτηματολόγιο, το οποίο περιλάμβανε δημογραφικές πληροφορίες, τις κλίμακες κατάθλιψης, άγχους και στρες (DASS-21), θετικού και αρνητικού συναισθήματος (PANAS), καθώς και κλίμακες που αξιολογούσαν την ανησυχία νόσησης από τον νέο κορωναϊό, το βαθμό διατάραξης της ζωής τους, τη συμμόρφωσή τους με τα υγειονομικά μέτρα και το χρόνο που αφιέρωναν σε διάφορες δραστηριότητες. Τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν ότι ένα σημαντικό ποσοστό των συμμετεχόντων βίωσε υψηλά επίπεδα κατάθλιψης, στρες και άγχους, ενώ μειώθηκε η βίωση θετικών συναισθημάτων και αυξήθηκε των αρνητικών, ειδικά στις γυναίκες. Η ανησυχία για τον ιό, η διατάραξη της καθημερινότητας και η γνωριμία με ασθενή επηρέασαν αρνητικά την ψυχική υγεία, όπως και ο χρόνος οθόνης, η πολύωρη ενημέρωση για την πανδημία και η απραξία. Αντίθετα, η ενασχόληση με τις εξ αποστάσεως σπουδές, τις οικιακές δραστηριότητες και τη φυσική άσκηση λειτούργησαν προστατευτικά. Τα αποτελέσματα δείχνουν ότι οι φοιτητές είναι ένας ευάλωτος πληθυσμός και αναδεικνύουν την ανάγκη παροχής υποστηρικτικών υπηρεσιών.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , a hybrid Bayesian network learning algorithm, termed Forward Early Dropping Hill Climbing (FEDHC), was proposed to work with either continuous or categorical variables.
Abstract: The paper proposes a new hybrid Bayesian network learning algorithm, termed Forward Early Dropping Hill Climbing (FEDHC), devised to work with either continuous or categorical variables. Further, the paper manifests that the only implementation of MMHC in the statistical software \textit{R}, is prohibitively expensive and a new implementation is offered. Further, specifically for the case of continuous data, a robust to outliers version of FEDHC, that can be adopted by other BN learning algorithms, is proposed. The FEDHC is tested via Monte Carlo simulations that distinctly show it is computationally efficient, and produces Bayesian networks of similar to, or of higher accuracy than MMHC and PCHC. Finally, an application of FEDHC, PCHC and MMHC algorithms to real data, from the field of economics, is demonstrated using the statistical software \textit{R}.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors summarized the recent data concerning interstitial lung disease after COVID-19, a field where knowledge is evolving very quickly, and the role of immunosuppressive and antifibrotic treatment is currently under investigation.
Abstract: Purpose of review The aim of this review was to summarize the recent data concerning interstitial lung disease after COVID-19, a field where knowledge is evolving very quickly. Recent findings It has been found that a proportion of patients displayed fibrotic-like pattern on chest computed tomography shortly after COVID-19 pneumonia. Those lesions can potentially represent precursors of fibrosis, although most of them will resolve until 1 year postinfection. There was a wide range of the prevalence of post-COVID-19 interstitial lung disease detected in the literature, which can be attributed to the heterogeneous definition of lung abnormalities and the discrepancy of study design. The severity of acute COVID-19 disease has been linked to increased risk of residual imaging and functional abnormalities, while reduced DLco was the most common functional abnormality in long-term survivors. Studies indicated that pathophysiology of post-COVID interstitial lung disease shares common mechanisms with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Regarding therapeutic strategies of post-COVID-19 interstitial lung disease, the role of immunosuppressive and antifibrotic treatment is currently under investigation. Summary We still need to learn about the natural history of COVID-19 disease, allowing for a better targeting of therapeutic interventions through a multidisciplinary approach.

Journal ArticleDOI
Maria Kousis1
TL;DR: In response to a sequence of harsh bailout packages by the Troika (the European Commission, the European Central Bank (ECB), and the International Monetary Fund (IMF), Greece was the first Eurozone member state threatening the euro with a possible Grexit and a potential domino effect as discussed by the authors .
Abstract: The global financial crisis of 2008 and the subsequent austerity strategies adopted by supranational and national power-holders led to anti-austerity protests in many countries. However, those in Greece, a high public-debt South European country, stand out for their intensity, scale, innovation, duration, and outcomes, in response to a sequence of harsh bailout packages by the Troika – the European Commission (EC), the European Central Bank (ECB), and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Being the epicenter of the Eurozone crisis, in a period marked by dramatic increases in unemployment, inequalities, attributions of responsibility, political turbulence, diminishing trust, and loss of sovereignty to the Troika, Greece was the first Eurozone member-state threatening the euro with a possible “Grexit” and a potential domino effect. In 2010, therefore, Greece received the biggest IMF loan historically, in relation to quota, rescuing the non-Greek banks. Based on the above, scholars analyzing cross-national data have described the Greek case as “extreme,” “paradigmatic,” “the perfect storm,” of “highest deteriorating conditions” and illustrative of a bailout-enforced “humanitarian crisis.” It is consequently of no surprise that the outcomes of anti-austerity protests in Greece are vivid in the political and economic spheres, especially in social movement parties and solidarity (alternative action) organizations.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors presented a COLET-COgnitive work load estimation based on eye tracking dataset, where the participants' cognitive workload level was evaluated with the subjective test of NASA-TLX and this score was used as an annotation of the activity.

Book ChapterDOI
I. Chikina1
01 Jan 2022

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , a nonlinear imaging of the in-plane anisotropic response of 2D tin(II) sulfide (SnS) crystals is presented, where the authors exploit the lack of inversion symmetry of the 2D SnS crystal that produces second harmonic generation (SHG) to perform polarization-resolved SHG (P-SHG).
Abstract: Two-dimensional (2D) tin(II) sulfide (SnS) crystals belong to a class of orthorhombic semiconducting materials with remarkable properties, such as in-plane anisotropic optical and electronic response, and multiferroic nature. The 2D SnS crystals exhibit anisotropic response along the in-plane armchair (AC) and zigzag (ZZ) crystallographic directions, offering an additional degree of freedom in manipulating their behavior. Here, advantage of the lack of inversion symmetry of the 2D SnS crystal, that produces second harmonic generation (SHG), is taken to perform polarization-resolved SHG (P-SHG) nonlinear imaging of the in-plane anisotropy. The P-SHG experimental data are fitted with a nonlinear optics model, allowing to calculate the AC/ZZ orientation from every point of the 2D crystal and to map with high resolution the AC/ZZ direction of several 2D SnS flakes belonging in the same field of view. It is found that the P-SHG intensity polar patterns are associated with the crystallographic axes of the flakes and with the relative strength of the second-order nonlinear susceptibility tensor in different directions. Therefore, the method provides quantitative information of the optical in-plane anisotropy of orthorhombic 2D crystals, offering great promise for performance characterization during device operation in the emerging optoelectronic applications of such crystals.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , a literature review was conducted, using the MEDLINE, LIVIVO, and Google Scholar databases, in order to investigate available therapeutics targeting the Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular receptors (EPHs) system in LC, and a single clinical trial incorporating a NSCLC patient could not describe objective anti-cancer effects after anti-EPHA2 antibody administration.
Abstract: Lung cancer (LC) is the leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular receptors (EPHs) comprise the largest receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) family in mammals. EPHs along with their ligands, EPH-family receptor-interacting proteins (ephrins), have been found to be either up- or downregulated in LC cells, hence exhibiting a defining role in LC carcinogenesis and tumor progression. In their capacity as membrane-bound molecules, EPHs/ephrins may represent feasible targets in the context of precision cancer treatment. In order to investigate available therapeutics targeting the EPH/ephrin system in LC, a literature review was conducted, using the MEDLINE, LIVIVO, and Google Scholar databases. EPHA2 is the most well-studied EPH/ephrin target in LC treatment. The targeting of EPHA2, EPHA3, EPHA5, EPHA7, EPHB4, EPHB6, ephrin-A1, ephrin-A2, ephrin-B2, and ephrin-B3 in LC cells or xenograft models not only directly correlates with a profound LC suppression but also enriches the effects of well-established therapeutic regimens. However, the sole clinical trial incorporating a NSCLC patient could not describe objective anti-cancer effects after anti-EPHA2 antibody administration. Collectively, EPHs/ephrins seem to represent promising treatment targets in LC. However, large clinical trials still need to be performed, with a view to examining the effects of EPH/ephrin targeting in the clinical setting.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explored the nature of the receptor involved in calcium response induced by membrane-acting testosterone in prostate cancer cells and showed that testosterone, independently of the presence of the classical androgen receptor, can rapidly increase intracellular calcium from calcium stores, through oxoeicosanoid receptor 1 (OXER1) and a specific signaling cascade that triggers calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum.