Institution
University of Duisburg-Essen
Education•Essen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany•
About: University of Duisburg-Essen is a education organization based out in Essen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Transplantation. The organization has 16072 authors who have published 39972 publications receiving 1109199 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: The aim of this manuscript is to highlight the tremendous improvements achieved in CaP materials research in the past 15 years, in particular in the field of biomineralization, as carrier for gene or ion delivery, as biologically active agent, and as bone graft substitute.
627 citations
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TL;DR: It is shown that the application of a moderate hydrostatic pressure to a magnetic shape-memory alloy gives rise to a caloric effect with a magnitude that is comparable to the giant magnetocaloric effect reported in this class of materials.
Abstract: The search for materials showing large caloric effects close to room temperature has become a challenge in modern materials physics and it is expected that such a class of materials will provide a way to renew present cooling devices that are based on the vapour compression of hazardous gases. Up to now, the most promising materials are giant magnetocaloric materials. The discovery of materials showing a giant magnetocaloric effect at temperatures close to ambient has opened up the possibility of using them for refrigeration. As caloric effects refer to the isothermal entropy change achieved by application of an external field, several caloric effects can take place on tuning different external parameters such as pressure and electric field. Indeed the occurrence of large electrocaloric and elastocaloric effects has recently been reported. Here we show that the application of a moderate hydrostatic pressure to a magnetic shape-memory alloy gives rise to a caloric effect with a magnitude that is comparable to the giant magnetocaloric effect reported in this class of materials. We anticipate that similar barocaloric effects will occur in many giant-magnetocaloric materials undergoing magnetostructural transitions involving a volume change.
626 citations
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Utrecht University1, Stanford University2, University Hospital of Lausanne3, University of Duisburg-Essen4, University of Bern5, University Hospital of Basel6, Sheba Medical Center7, University of Glasgow8, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven9, Charité10, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich11, Heidelberg University12, Helsinki University Central Hospital13, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro14
TL;DR: The results do not support unequivocal superiority of IAT over IVT, and the efficacy of I AT versus IVT in patients with an acute BAO needs to be assessed in a randomised controlled trial.
Abstract: Summary Background Treatment strategies for acute basilar artery occlusion (BAO) are based on case series and data that have been extrapolated from stroke intervention trials in other cerebrovascular territories, and information on the efficacy of different treatments in unselected patients with BAO is scarce. We therefore assessed outcomes and differences in treatment response after BAO. Methods The Basilar Artery International Cooperation Study (BASICS) is a prospective, observational registry of consecutive patients who presented with an acute symptomatic and radiologically confirmed BAO between November 1, 2002, and October 1, 2007. Stroke severity at time of treatment was dichotomised as severe (coma, locked-in state, or tetraplegia) or mild to moderate (any deficit that was less than severe). Outcome was assessed at 1 month. Poor outcome was defined as a modified Rankin scale score of 4 or 5, or death. Patients were divided into three groups according to the treatment they received: antithrombotic treatment only (AT), which comprised antiplatelet drugs or systemic anticoagulation; primary intravenous thrombolysis (IVT), including subsequent intra-arterial thrombolysis; or intra-arterial therapy (IAT), which comprised thrombolysis, mechanical thrombectomy, stenting, or a combination of these approaches. Risk ratios (RR) for treatment effects were adjusted for age, the severity of neurological deficits at the time of treatment, time to treatment, prodromal minor stroke, location of the occlusion, and diabetes. Findings 619 patients were entered in the registry. 27 patients were excluded from the analyses because they did not receive AT, IVT, or IAT, and all had a poor outcome. Of the 592 patients who were analysed, 183 were treated with only AT, 121 with IVT, and 288 with IAT. Overall, 402 (68%) of the analysed patients had a poor outcome. No statistically significant superiority was found for any treatment strategy. Compared with outcome after AT, patients with a mild-to-moderate deficit (n=245) had about the same risk of poor outcome after IVT (adjusted RR 0·94, 95% CI 0·60–1·45) or after IAT (adjusted RR 1·29, 0·97–1·72) but had a worse outcome after IAT compared with IVT (adjusted RR 1·49, 1·00–2·23). Compared with AT, patients with a severe deficit (n=347) had a lower risk of poor outcome after IVT (adjusted RR 0·88, 0·76–1·01) or IAT (adjusted RR 0·94, 0·86–1·02), whereas outcomes were similar after treatment with IAT or IVT (adjusted RR 1·06, 0·91–1·22). Interpretation Most patients in the BASICS registry received IAT. Our results do not support unequivocal superiority of IAT over IVT, and the efficacy of IAT versus IVT in patients with an acute BAO needs to be assessed in a randomised controlled trial. Funding Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht.
624 citations
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Medical Research Council1, National Institute for Health Research2, King's College London3, University of Cambridge4, Trinity College, Dublin5, University of Nottingham6, Queen's University Belfast7, University of Southampton8, University of Manchester9, John Radcliffe Hospital10, University of Bristol11, UCL Institute of Neurology12, University of Bonn13, University of Hamburg14, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg15, University of Duisburg-Essen16, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich17, Heidelberg University18, University College Dublin19, University of Freiburg20, Washington University in St. Louis21, Brigham Young University22, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute23, National Institutes of Health24, University of Göttingen25, Mayo Clinic26
TL;DR: Independent evidence from two large studies demonstrates that these processes related to cholesterol metabolism and the innate immune response are aetiologically relevant, and suggests that they may be suitable targets for novel and existing therapeutic approaches.
Abstract: Background
1Late Onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) is the leading cause of dementia. Recent large genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified the first strongly supported LOAD susceptibility genes since the discovery of the involvement of APOE in the early 1990s. We have now exploited these GWAS datasets to uncover key LOAD pathophysiological processes.
Methodology
We applied a recently developed tool for mining GWAS data for biologically meaningful information to a LOAD GWAS dataset. The principal findings were then tested in an independent GWAS dataset.
Principal Findings
We found a significant overrepresentation of association signals in pathways related to cholesterol metabolism and the immune response in both of the two largest genome-wide association studies for LOAD.
Significance
Processes related to cholesterol metabolism and the innate immune response have previously been implicated by pathological and epidemiological studies of Alzheimer's disease, but it has been unclear whether those findings reflected primary aetiological events or consequences of the disease process. Our independent evidence from two large studies now demonstrates that these processes are aetiologically relevant, and suggests that they may be suitable targets for novel and existing therapeutic approaches.
624 citations
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TL;DR: The results from the studies that were included in the review support the assumption that stress affects decision making and emphasize the role of mediating and moderating variables.
623 citations
Authors
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Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Rui Zhang | 151 | 2625 | 107917 |
Olli T. Raitakari | 142 | 1232 | 103487 |
Anders Hamsten | 139 | 611 | 88144 |
Robert Huber | 139 | 671 | 73557 |
Christopher T. Walsh | 139 | 819 | 74314 |
Patrick D. McGorry | 137 | 1097 | 72092 |
Stanley Nattel | 132 | 778 | 65700 |
Luis M. Liz-Marzán | 132 | 616 | 61684 |
Dirk Schadendorf | 127 | 1017 | 105777 |
William Wijns | 127 | 752 | 95517 |
Raimund Erbel | 125 | 1364 | 74179 |
Khalil Amine | 118 | 652 | 50111 |
Hans-Christoph Diener | 118 | 1025 | 91710 |
Bruce A.J. Ponder | 116 | 403 | 54796 |
Andre Franke | 115 | 682 | 55481 |