Institution
University of Dundee
Education•Dundee, United Kingdom•
About: University of Dundee is a education organization based out in Dundee, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Protein kinase A. The organization has 19258 authors who have published 39640 publications receiving 1919433 citations. The organization is also known as: Universitas Dundensis & Dundee University.
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: Evidence that DNA supercoiling plays a key role in the osmotic induction of proU transcription is presented, and mutations in osmZ are highly pleiotropic, affecting expression of a variety of chromosomal genes including ompF, ompC, fimA, and the bgl operon.
717 citations
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TL;DR: The risk of mortality from ischaemic heart disease is exceptionally high in young adult women with Type 1 diabetes, with rates similar to those in men with Type 2 diabetes under the age of 40, and the need to identify and treat coronary risk factors in these young patients is emphasised.
Abstract: Although ischaemic heart disease is the predominant cause of mortality in older people with diabetes, age-specific mortality rates have not been published for patients with Type 1 diabetes. The Diabetes UK cohort, essentially one of patients with Type 1 diabetes, now has sufficient follow-up to report all heart disease, and specifically ischaemic heart disease, mortality rates by age. A cohort of 23,751 patients with insulin-treated diabetes, diagnosed under the age of 30 years and from throughout the United Kingdom, was identified during the period 1972 to 1993 and followed for mortality until December 2000. Age- and sex-specific heart disease mortality rates and standardised mortality ratios were calculated. There were 1437 deaths during the follow-up, 536 from cardiovascular disease, and of those, 369 from ischaemic heart disease. At all ages the ischaemic heart disease mortality rates in the cohort were higher than in the general population. Mortality rates within the cohort were similar for men and women under the age of 40. The standardised mortality ratios were higher in women than men at all ages, and in women were 44.8 (95%CI 20.5–85.0) at ages 20–29 and 41.6 (26.7–61.9) at ages 30–39. The risk of mortality from ischaemic heart disease is exceptionally high in young adult women with Type 1 diabetes, with rates similar to those in men with Type 1 diabetes under the age of 40. These observations emphasise the need to identify and treat coronary risk factors in these young patients.
713 citations
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TL;DR: This study directly visualized transcription of an endogenous developmental gene and found discrete "pulses" of gene activity that turn on and off at irregular intervals, which represents the first direct visualization of transcriptional pulsing in eukaryotes.
712 citations
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TL;DR: The numbers of enterobacteria increased in the hospitalized patients who did not receive antibiotics, and due to profound changes in fecal microbiotas during antibiotic treatment, the opportunistic species Enterococcus faecalis proliferated.
Abstract: Fecal bacteria were studied in healthy elderly volunteers (age, 63 to 90 years; n = 35) living in the local community, elderly hospitalized patients (age, 66 to 103; n = 38), and elderly hospitalized patients receiving antibiotic treatment (age, 65 to 100; n = 21). Group- and species-specific primer sets targeting 16S rRNA genes were used to quantitate intestinal bacteria by using DNA extracted from feces and real-time PCR. The principal difference between healthy elderly volunteers and both patient cohorts was a marked reduction in the Bacteroides-Prevotella group following hospitalization. Reductions in bifidobacteria, Desulfovibrio spp., Clostridium clostridiiforme, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii were also found in the hospitalized patients. However, total 16S rRNA gene copy numbers (per gram of wet weight of feces) were generally lower in the stool samples of the two groups of hospitalized patients compared to the number in the stool samples of elderly volunteers living in the community, so the relative abundance (percentage of the group- and species-specific rRNA gene copies in relation to total bacterial rRNA gene copies) of bifidobacteria, Desulfovibrio spp., C. clostridiiforme, and F. prausnitzii did not change. Antibiotic treatment resulted in further reductions in the numbers of bacteria and their prevalence and, in some patients, complete elimination of certain bacterial communities. Conversely, the numbers of enterobacteria increased in the hospitalized patients who did not receive antibiotics, and due to profound changes in fecal microbiotas during antibiotic treatment, the opportunistic species Enterococcus faecalis proliferated.
712 citations
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TL;DR: An overview of the physiological and pathological roles of NRF2 is provided, emerging pharmacological modulators of theNRF2–KEAP1 axis are presented and associated drug development challenges are highlighted.
Abstract: The transcription factor NF-E2 p45-related factor 2 (NRF2; encoded by NFE2L2) and its principal negative regulator, the E3 ligase adaptor Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1), are critical in the maintenance of redox, metabolic and protein homeostasis, as well as the regulation of inflammation. Thus, NRF2 activation provides cytoprotection against numerous pathologies including chronic diseases of the lung and liver; autoimmune, neurodegenerative and metabolic disorders; and cancer initiation. One NRF2 activator has received clinical approval and several electrophilic modifiers of the cysteine-based sensor KEAP1 and inhibitors of its interaction with NRF2 are now in clinical development. However, challenges regarding target specificity, pharmacodynamic properties, efficacy and safety remain.
712 citations
Authors
Showing all 19404 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Matthias Mann | 221 | 887 | 230213 |
Mark I. McCarthy | 200 | 1028 | 187898 |
Stefan Schreiber | 178 | 1233 | 138528 |
Kenneth C. Anderson | 178 | 1138 | 126072 |
Masayuki Yamamoto | 171 | 1576 | 123028 |
Salvador Moncada | 164 | 495 | 138030 |
Jorge E. Cortes | 163 | 2784 | 124154 |
Andrew P. McMahon | 162 | 415 | 90650 |
Philip Cohen | 154 | 555 | 110856 |
Dirk Inzé | 149 | 647 | 74468 |
Andrew T. Hattersley | 146 | 768 | 106949 |
Antonio Lanzavecchia | 145 | 408 | 100065 |
Kim Nasmyth | 142 | 294 | 59231 |
David Price | 138 | 1687 | 93535 |
Dario R. Alessi | 136 | 354 | 74753 |