Showing papers by "University of Düsseldorf published in 1970"
TL;DR: Five pairs of wind-sensitive hair beds at the upper part of the head control flight posture and wing movement of locusts but the antennae of flies and bees are airflow receptors which regulate the insect's flight speed relative to the surrounding air.
Abstract: FIVE pairs of wind-sensitive hair beds at the upper part of the head control flight posture and wing movement of locusts1–7. But the antennae of flies and bees are airflow receptors which regulate the insect's flight speed relative to the surrounding air and stabilize the flight course in the horizontal plane8–12. During tethered flight these insects hold their antennae in a characteristic flight position. Exposed to the air current of a wind tunnel, they will move their antennae actively against the direction of the air current. This movement is considered as an antennal positioning reaction, which adapts the operating range of the receptor to different air speeds10–12.
60 citations
TL;DR: Electrolyte concentration, pH, and low temperature on the inactivation of cyclic photophosphorylation of isolated thylakoids from spinach has been investigated and inactivation is dependent on temperature, the extent of dehydration, and the time during which temperature and increased electrolyte concentration act on the membrane structures within the cell in vivo.
32 citations
TL;DR: The effect of sustained isometric and isotonic contractions on the resistance to blood flow was studied in isolated autoperfused electrically stimulated gastrocnemius muscles of anesthetized dogs and the working capacity of the muscle was limited by this mechanical inhibition of flow even during weak isometric contractions.
Abstract: The effect of sustained isometric and isotonic contractions on the resistance to blood flow was studied in isolated autoperfused electrically stimulated gastrocnemius muscles of anesthetized dogs. To prevent autoregulation caused by the contraction from interferring with the mechanical effects of contraction on the resistance to flow, local vasomotor tone was eliminated by dilating the vessels maximally with vasodilator drugs.
21 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that glycogen is the major aerobic energy source for strong muscular exercise which cannot be substituted for by the oxidation of arterial glucose or FFA.
Abstract: Utilization of carbohydrates and free fatty acids (FFA) has been investigated in gastrocnemii of dogs during long lasting isotonic rhythmical exercise induced by supramaximal stimulation of the sciatic nerve. Uptake or output of gases and substrates was determined according to the Fick principle. The first measurements were done at about 2 min after the beginning of work when blood flow has reached a steady state, and the latest at about 100 min after the beginning of exercise.
18 citations
TL;DR: Lysolecithin-water mixtures investigated by electron microscopy using the negative-staining technique found a globular phase was found which usually occurs in a hexagonal close-packed form, seldom in a square arrangement.
9 citations
TL;DR: In a pitch experiment with 50 Ss, this paper found that there is a negative correlation between the amplitude of average evoked potentials to an anchor and the physical distance of the anchor from the series.
Abstract: The general finding in psychophysics that contrast effects disappear when anchors are extreme is explained in terms of diminishing “attention” to anchors that do not belong to the same class of stimulation. In a pitch experiment with 50 Ss the hypothesis was tested and confirmed that there is a negative correlation between the amplitude of average evoked potentials to an anchor and the physical distance of the anchor from the series.
7 citations
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the mean anchor-adaptation level relationship follows a cubic trend and the "arousal" hypothesis that anchor stimuli produce specific GSR effects was tested and confirmed.
Abstract: In earlier studies it was shown that the mean anchor-adaptation level relationship follows a cubic trend. The “arousal” hypothesis that anchor stimuli produce specific GSR effects was tested and confirmed. It was recommended that the question of whether or not the quartic GSR trend that was found reflects “context” effects should be further investigated.
7 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that the partial glyceride has an Anteile of 8,5% im Nuchternserum and 18,3% (maximal bis 28,6%) 2 Std p. c.
Abstract: 1. Die Berechnung der Serumtriglyceride mit Hilfe der enzymatischen Glycerid-Glycerinbestimmung erfolgt ublicherweise ohne Rucksicht auf das Vorhandensein von Di- und Monoglyceriden. Die dunnschichtchromatographische Trennung einzelner Glyceridfraktionen und ihre quantitative Erfassung mit der Hydroxamsauremethode zeigt jedoch stark variable Anteile der Partialglyceride von durchschnittlich 8,5% im Nuchternserum und 18,3% (maximal bis 28,6%) 2 Std p. c. Bei der essentiellen Hyperlipamie betragt ihr Anteil im Durchschnitt weniger als 1% der Gesamtglyceride. Auf die Bedeutung der Befunde fur die Berechnung der Triglyceride aus dem Glycerid-Glycerin wird hingewiesen.
3 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors found a significant negative correlation between extroversion and the amount of urine catecholamines, which is modified by smoking habits only for nonsmokers.
Abstract: An experiment was designed to study the relationship between urine catecholamine excretion and the personality traits of ex traversion and neuroticism. Using chance samples of day-urine, we found a significant negative correlation between extroversion and the amount of urine catecholamines. This relationship is modified by smoking habits. The correlation holds only for nonsmokers.
2 citations
TL;DR: Differences existed between the congruence and compatibility values of the American and German samples, suggesting that in conducting cross-cultural studies, careful attention should be given to the wording of the instructions when measuring the ideal self-concept.
Abstract: Summary.-The AVA was administered to 2 comparable samples of university students, one German and one American. Both groups of Ss were asked to respond to instructions which were designed to elicit, separately, a measure of the ideal self-concept and a measure of the ideal-person perception. The data yielded 2 correlated clusters of profiles, one for each of the two concepts, for both samples. Differences, however, existed between the congruence and comparrb~lrty values of the American and German samples. These differences sufiqesc that in conducting cross-cultural studies, careful attention should be given to the wording of the instructions when measuring the ideal self-concept. In a recent study by the authors (Merenda, et al., 1969) a definite splitting of the ideal self-concept profile into two distinct and negatively correlated clusters was noted for German samples. This result was in direct contrast to results obtained from American and Indian samples which yielded single clusters which were highly interrelated, including one of the two German clusters (7s ranged from .75 to .95). In attempting to reconcile this difference in results, the authors have surmised that it may have been caused by a variation in the German vs American-Indian instructions. The instrument used in this research has been the Activity Vector Analysis (AVA), an adjective check list designed to obtain personality descriptions through the measurement of the self-concept. Whereas the instructions to both the American and Indian samples were: "check those words which you honestly believe are descriptive of the ideal person," the German instructions were given as "check those adjectives which describe the ideal self-concept-the person you would like to be." To test the hypothesis that the difference in results in the previous study was a function of the difference in instructions given to the two cultural samples, the present study was designed.
1 citations
01 Jan 1970
TL;DR: The authors developed their theme taking language as a guide, and they have chosen the approach via language firstly because of the particularly rich source of easily verifiable material available to us here, but also because it is in the language and through the language in particular that the success and failure of the common and own worlds are most impressively revealed.
Abstract: We wish now to develop our theme taking language as a guide; we have chosen the approach via language firstly because of the particularly rich source of easily verifiable material available to us here, but also because it is in the language and through the language in particular that the success and failure of the constitution of the common and own worlds are most impressively revealed.
01 Jan 1970
TL;DR: A short survey of the more important psychopathological and anthropological works written earlier on autism in adults can be found in this paper, with a focus on early infantile autism, but no detailed critical analysis of the post-Bleuler psychological literature on this topic is provided.
Abstract: Both Kanner and Asperger, in selecting the term autism to designate the fundamental disturbance suffered by their patients, refer to Eugen Bleuler. So far, however, there has been no detailed critical analysis of the post-Bleuler psychological literature on this topic; neither Kanner, nor Asperger, nor other child psychiatrists writing on early infantile autism have dealt with this. It is certainly not our intenion to trace the historical development of the problem of autism here, but it seems important to us, if we are to find a suitable place from which to start, having regard to the present state of the problem, to give a short survey of the more important psychopathological and anthropological works written earlier on autism in adults.
01 Jan 1970
TL;DR: According to Kanner as discussed by the authors, it is an essential feature of early infantile autism that autistic behaviour can be observed in the second half of the first year of life, i.e., an inadequate show of interest through looks and a lack of friendly advances on the part of the children, e.g. not stretching out their arms when being dressed or picked up, and the lack of gestures with which normal children draw attention to themselves.
Abstract: According to Kanner it is an essential feature of the clinical picture of early infantile autism that autistic behaviour can be observed in the second half of the first year of life. He described in particular an inadequate show of interest through looks and a lack of friendly advances on the part of the children, e. g. not stretching out their arms when being dressed or picked up, and the lack of gestures with which normal children draw attention to themselves. Similar observations were also made in our cases:
01 Jan 1970
TL;DR: Minkowski's theory of the disturbance of the "contact vital avec la realite" contrasts an active, energetic, relatively unimaginative type with the "passive, wildly imaginative autistic type" as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: To start with, we would like to return to Minkowski’s criticism of the one-sided view of autism as a turning inwards to an inner life, and we also want to go back to the analogy between “inside” and “outside” and the “inside” and “outside” of the body In particular, it is important for the investigation of early-infantile autism that Minkowski’s consistently worked-out theory of the disturbance of the “contact vital avec la realite” juxtaposes an active, energetic, relatively unimaginative type with the “passive, wildly imaginative autistic type” to whom until then most attention had been paid Taking the degree of imagination as a standard, he talks of an “autisme riche” and an “autisme pauvre” This “autisme pauvre”, which is characterized by an object-centred activity directed to goals in the outside world, is termed autistic despite the “being-in-the-world” of the activity, for it is directed to only one goal, as if the person in question were blinkered and looked neither right nor left; the pattern of connections, in which such activity would normally be a link, is clearly missing