Showing papers by "University of Düsseldorf published in 1977"
TL;DR: It is suggested that increased serum gamma-glutamyltransferase activities commonly observed in alcoholism can be ascribed at least in part to an induction of microsomal gamma- GLUTamyl transferase activity.
138 citations
TL;DR: The selenium content of some commercially available milk formulas for infants are lower than those of human and cow's milk and the activities of the Selenium containing enzyme glutathione peroxidase of erythrocytes are reduced in early infancy.
Abstract: The selenium concentration of serum is age-dependent. The median value at birth (chi=50 X 10(-9)g/ml) amounts to half of the median value of adults (chi=102 X 10(-9)g/ml). After a decrease in early infancy to chi=34 X 10(-9)g/ml it steadily increases to chi=58 X 10(-9)g/ml in the second half of the first year, to chi=82 X 10(-9)g/ml in 1--5 year old children, and to chi=92 X 10(-9)g/ml in school children. The activities of the selenium containing enzyme glutathione peroxidase of erythrocytes are also reduced in early infancy (chi=7.2 +/- 0.36 U37/g Hb), whereas the enzyme activities of cord blood erythrocytes (chi=8.72 +/- 0.76 U37/g Hb) are in the same range as those of older children or adults. The selenium content of some commercially available milk formulas for infants are lower than those of human and cow's milk.
119 citations
TL;DR: The findings in this study do not support the hypothesis that rauwolfia derivatives initiate or promote breast cancer.
Abstract: Exposure to reserpine was compared in 181 women interviewed prior to biopsy and found to have breast cancer and 307 women found to have a benign disorder of the breast The age-adjusted relative risk of breast cancer in those who had taken reserpine was 06 (95% confidence limits: 04 and 11) When the 181 breast cancer patients were compared with a second control group of 101 women with a benign condition requiring surgery, the relative risk was 09 (95% confidence limits: 04 and 17) Neither long-term exposure nor its timing, gave any evidence of an association with breast cancer The findings in this study do not support the hypothesis that rauwolfia derivatives initiate or promote breast cancer
44 citations
TL;DR: Peripheral testosterone concentrations remained unchanged in normal men and men with fatty liver, whereas a steep increase was observed in all other groups, but the greatest increase was seen in patients with compensated liver cirrhosis and with portocaval shunts.
Abstract: . The bioavailability of orally administered testosterone was investigated in normal and hypogonadal men, prepubertal boys, normal women, and in patients with fatty liver, liver cirrhosis and surgical portocaval shunts. Peripheral testosterone concentrations remained unchanged in normal men and men with fatty liver, whereas a steep increase was observed in all other groups. The greatest increase was seen in patients with compensated liver cirrhosis and with portocaval shunts. The steep increase of peripheral testosterone in boys, women and hypogonadal men is attributed to their having a lower activity of androgen-metabolizing liver enzymes than normal men. The increase in patients with cirrhosis is most likely caused by intra- and extra-hepatic portocaval shunts.
39 citations
TL;DR: In comparison to these values, the serum zinc concentration in a patient with secondary zinc deficiency and 4 patients with acrodermatitis enteropathica was reduced to about 25% of normal.
Abstract: Serum zinc concentrations in subjects of different ages were estimated by neutron activation analysis to obtain reliable reference values for the diagnosis of primary or secondary zinc deficiency during childhood. In these healthy individuals a small age-dependent variation of the mean values was found. Serum zinc concentrations were lower in cord blood (mean value: 880 X 10(-9) g/ml) and in infant;s (mean value: 820 X 10(-9) g/ml) than in adults (mean value 1178 X 10(-9) g/ml). In comparison to these values, the serum zinc concentration in a patient with secondary zinc deficiency and 4 patients with acrodermatitis enteropathica was reduced to about 25% of normal.
37 citations
36 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that release-induced mechanical transients are the result of at least two mechanisms feeding back from contraction to activation, i.e. an AP dependent contraction-excitation-contraction (CEC) recoupling loop and a more direct mechanism not dependent on AP duration.
29 citations
26 citations
TL;DR: The data suggest that the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of Physarum is a circle and that circularity may be maintained by DNA/protein interaction.
26 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used the gas chromatographic method of Cremer and Huber to investigate the adsorption isotherms on γ-alumina of hydrocarbons with up to eight carbon-atoms.
21 citations
TL;DR: There is no correlation found between the enlargement of fibers and the increase in polyploidy in this limited number of cases of fresh and healed infarctions.
Abstract: In 20 hearts the enlargement of muscle fibers and the increase in nuclear DNA is studied in the periphery of fresh and healed infarctions. The data of attack is verified by ECG records in most cases, five had passed undiagnosed. Selective cytophotometry is performed by measuring the largest nucleus in each of 50 fields of comparable density. Since significant differences in polyploidization exist between the control regions of hearts of similar weight primarily regions of the same heart are compared. No differences are observed in five hearts with infarctions about one week old. After five to six months the enlargement of the fibers is significaant (P less than 0.0005) while the increase in polyploidy is still slight (P less than 0.15). In all cases with scars one to nine years old the enlargement of fibers is significant (P less than 0.0005) while the increase in DNA is significant in most of them (5 X P less than 0.0005, 3 X P less than 0.005, 2 X P less than 0.01). In a case with two lesions, one posterior five (P less than 0.0005) and one anterior seven years old (P less than 0.0005), there is still slight increase in polyploidy with age (P less than 0.1). In the five undiagnosed cases only one has no significant increase in DNA. There is no correlation found between the enlargement of fibers and the increase in polyploidy in this limited number of cases.
TL;DR: It was found that neocortical SD-induced feeding generally occurred only upon recovery of neocortex from the slow potential negativity, and that invasion of the caudate nucleus by SD is not involved in the elicited feeding phenomenon.
TL;DR: In this day and age, which has provided a much better understanding of the importance of the early development of the child for its later social attitude, mothers with all their problems and difficulties should not be left on their own.
TL;DR: During surgical correction of multivalvular lesions, acquired tricuspid insufficiency is best treated by a semicircular annuloplasty technique, in order to achieve an individualized and accurate correction.
TL;DR: Comparable results in the literature show that the thyroid gland like the epithelium of seminal vesicles can facultatively become Polyploidized, in contrast to the obligatory polyploid organs namely the liver and heart.
Abstract: Adrenal tissue from 44 autopsies and 30 biopsies of thyroid gland were analyzed by flow — and scanning-cytophotometry. Most nuclei were diploid and the 4C fraction ranged from 1.9 to 6.1% according to the technique, but with no significant difference between controls and adenomas, hyperplasias, adenomatous goiters, or two carcinomas of the thyroid gland. The only significant increase of 4C fraction was found in normal adrenals of patients above 50 years of age (P< 0,025). Similarly constant was the proportion of 8C nuclei which ranged from 0.5 to 1.3 per thousand. However, in one of 23 adenomatous goiters a total polyploidization was observed. Comparable results in the literature show that the thyroid gland like the epithelium of seminal vesicles can facultatively become polyploidized, in contrast to the obligatory polyploid organs namely the liver and heart. This is not related to malignancy.
TL;DR: In this day and age, which has provided a much better understanding of the importance of the early development of the child for its later social attitude, mothers with all their problems and difficulties should not be left on their own.
TL;DR: The interaction between morphine and lateral hypothalamic self-stimulation in rats was investigated and animals that were neither primed nor shaped (and therefore remained unstimulated) showed a significantly better recovery when tested 90 min after the injection; i.e., their response rate was higher than that of the primed and shaped animals, which were engaged in bar-pressing throughout the entire testing procedure.
Abstract: The interaction between morphine and lateral hypothalamic self-stimulation in rats was investigated in three experiments. In nonaddicted animals injections of moderate doses of morphine (8 mg/kg) resulted in a short-lasting increase in the self-stimulation threshold. Injections of low doses (2 mg/kg) did not alter the self-stimulation threshold significantly. In addicted animals self-stimulation thresholds were significantly lower 2 h compared to 22 h after injection of 200 mg/kg morphine hydrochloride (calculated as the salt). A 16 mg/kg injection of morphine in non-addicted rats suppressed self-stimulation. However, when the animals were administered noncontingent priming stimulation and were hand-shaped toward the lever whenver they left it, they continued to leverpress throughout the entire 90-min postinjection testing period. The animals that were neither primed nor shaped (and therefore remained unstimulated), however, showed a significantly better recovery when tested 90 min after the injection; i.e., their response rate was higher than that of the primed and shaped animals, which were engaged in bar-pressing throughout the entire testing procedure.
TL;DR: The present studies are specially directed towards recurrence of metastasis, lymphangiosis blastomatosa, the so-called late metastasis as well as the problem of branchiogenic carcinoma.
TL;DR: The present observations suggest that spherical- or rod-shaped inclusions are first synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum and thereafter these materials are transported into the Golgi complex for maturation.
Abstract: Endothelia of the anterior cerebral arteries in rats aged 1 to 3 days were studied. Thin (about 50–90 A) and thick (about 100–110 A) filaments are present in the endothelia. Numerous spherical- or rod-shaped bodies, measuring approximately 0.07 to 0.3 μm in diameter and up to 0.6 μm in length occur in the endothelial cells. These bodies contain a tubular structure. The diameter of the individual tubules is about 200 A. The present observations suggest that spherical- or rod-shaped inclusions are first synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum and thereafter these materials are transported into the Golgi complex for maturation. A small number of the inclusions, however, may originate directly from the rough endoplasmic reticulum and not pass through the Golgi apparatus.
TL;DR: Pre-implantation embryos from Chinese hamsters were cultivated under completely defined conditions and the method described in detail seems to be appropriate for examination of the induction of genetic defects during the first days of embryogenesis.
Abstract: Pre-implantation embryos from Chinese hamsters (Cricetulus griseus) were cultivated under completely defined conditions. The embryos were placed in drops of chemically defined medium under liquid paraffin and cultured in an atmosphere of 10% CO2 in air. By this method, development will proceed in vitro from the two-cell stage up to the blastula within 72 h. It is possible to stop the cultivation at different stages of development, to fix the embryos and analyse the chromosomes. The method described in detail seems to be appropriate for examination of the induction of genetic defects during the first days of embryogenesis.
TL;DR: The morphological changes of gastric mucosa taken from different areas have been studied in patients of approximately the same age with achlorhydria, extreme hypochlorhydria and normochlorHydria.
Abstract: The morphological changes of gastric mucosa taken from different areas has been studied in patients of approximately the same age with achlorhydria, extreme hypochlorhydria and normochlorhydria. The serum gastrin level and parietal cell antibodies were determined in the achlorhydric parietal cell antibodies were determined in the achlorhydric patients. In the latter the diffuse gastritis was localized in the corpus-fundic area, while the changes in the antral region were few and occurred mostly in the superficial zone. In normochlorhydric patients however, the diffuse gastritis was localized in the antral region, with only few changes at the corpus-fundic area. In patients with extreme hypochlorhydira either the fundic or the antral region was involved. Besides the diffuse gastritis intestinal metaplasia, pseudopyloric metaplasia, and atrophy of mucosa were also observed, although much less commonly. The increase of gastrin level could not be related to a definite morphological pattern in the gastric mucosa. It can be assumed that each of the two types of gastritis has a different natural history; the antral site of gastrititis cannot be transformed into the fundic site, nor can the fundic site be transformed into the antral site.
TL;DR: Weibel-Palade bodies were found in the endothelial cells of the mesenteric arteries of hypertensive rats and are thought to originate from Golgi apparatus.
Abstract: Weibel-Palade bodies were found in the endothelial cells of the mesenteric arteries of hypertensive rats. They were spherical or rod-shaped and bounded by a single membrane. They measured approximately 0.1 to 0.2 μ in diameter and up to 0.4 μ in length. The majority of them showed microtubular subunits, measuring about 200 A in width. These bodies are thought to originate from Golgi apparatus.
TL;DR: Post-trial reinforcing lateral hypothalamic stimulation significantly facilitated learning of a multi-trial passive avoidance task when presented in an interrupted (0.2-sec on / 0.8-sec off) train, but not when administered in a non-interrupted train.
TL;DR: Embryos removed at day 13 of gestation had reduced DNA and RNA concentrations and the differences were significant in the group treated on the twelfth day.
Abstract: Pregnant rabbits were injected ip with 5 mg/kg 6-ANA at day 10, 11, 12 or 12.5 respectively of gestation. Embryos removed at day 13 of gestation had reduced DNA and RNA concentrations. The differences (DNA: 14 percent; RNA: 22.4 percent) were significant in the group treated on the twelfth day. Some possible mechanisms are discussed.
TL;DR: It was suggested that ATA may become an useful tool in inducing a preferential inhibition of growth stimulation, and electron microscopic studies revealed no cytologic abnormalities in ATA-treated animals.
Abstract: ATA affects only slightly DNA synthesis of continuously replicating cells. A single injection of the drug reduces the incorporation of (3H)-thymidine into DNA of crypt cells to only 62% of the control. The effect on DNA synthesis is preceded by a slight inhibition of protein synthesis, and by a partial decrease in the number of dividing cells. On the contrary, the incorporation of (3H)-uridine into RNA was enhanced. Electron microscopic studies revealed no cytologic abnormalities in ATA-treated animals. In view of the fact that ATA at the same concentration inhibits DNA synthesis of growth stimulated cells to 100% (Novi, 1976), it was suggested that the drug may become an useful tool in inducing a preferential inhibition of growth stimulation.
01 Jan 1977
TL;DR: In this article, the role of neutrals in the wall region of high temperature plasmas is discussed and the neutrals influence the local particle density and energy losses and contribute to wall interaction by desorption of adsorbed molecular and atomic species, sputtering, and backscattering.
Abstract: This chapter discusses the role of neutrals in the wall region of high temperature plasmas. The neutrals influence the local particle density and energy losses and contribute to wall-interaction by desorption of adsorbed molecular and atomic species, sputtering, and backscattering. Furthermore, the neutral hydrogen component is well suited for diagnostic purposes as an analysis of high energy neutrals leaving the plasma gives information about the ion energy distribution of the plasma center. The high and low energy regime of the neutral's distribution function is calculated by solving an appropriate Boltzmann equation. On solving the equation, one can find the local energy distribution function of the neutrals. For the determination of the shape of the distribution function, the He I line at λ 0 5875 A was chosen. The line in this experiment was mainly Doppler broadened and the observation was made under a direction of 45° to the wall. The influence of the wall could be clearly detected but so far the accuracy of the measurements is not sufficient for a quantitative evaluation of specific plasma–wall process.