Showing papers by "University of Düsseldorf published in 1986"
TL;DR: Histological and fine-structural analysis revealed a homogenizing change in collagen with interdigitation of altered individual fibrils that appeared to be the structural basis of the welding effect.
Abstract: Tissue welding is a potentially important biomedical application of laser technology. The structural alterations basic to this phenomenon were studied in experimental repair of lesions of the rat carotid artery and sciatic nerve. A modified neodymiumdoped yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser operating at a wavelength of 1.319 micrometers was used in conjunction with conventional suture techniques. Histological and fine-structural analysis revealed a homogenizing change in collagen with interdigitation of altered individual fibrils that appeared to be the structural basis of the welding effect.
336 citations
TL;DR: In human subjects, errors of target localization and of motor control thus remained uncorrected by visual feedback, and became manifest as pointing errors, suggesting that the accuracy of localization by extraretinal signals is rather limited.
Abstract: In human subjects, we investigated the accuracy of goal-directed arm movements performed without sight of the arm; errors of target localization and of motor control thus remained uncorrected by visual feedback, and became manifest as pointing errors. Target position was provided either as retinal eccentricity or as eye position. By comparing the results to those obtained previously with combined retinal plus extraretinal position cues, the relative contribution of the two signals towards visual localization could be studied. When target position was provided by retinal signals, pointing responses revealed an over-estimation of retinal eccentricity which was of similar size for all eccentricities tested, and was independent of gaze direction. These findings were interpreted as a magnification effect of perifoveal retinal areas. When target position was provided as eye position, pointing was characterized by a substantial inter-, and intra-subject variability, suggesting that the accuracy of localization by extraretinal signals is rather limited. In light of these two qualitatively different deficits, possible mechanisms are discussed how the two signals may interact towards a more veridical visual localization.
258 citations
TL;DR: Cigarette-smoking appears to be a risk factor for the progression of incipient to overt nephropathy and of background to proliferative retinopathy in Type 1 diabetes.
Abstract: In a case control study 192 cigarette-smoking patients with Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes were compared with 192 non-cigarette-smoking patients pair-matched for sex (90 females), duration of diabetes (mean 14 years), and age (mean 32 years). Macroproteinuria was found in 19.3% of the smoking and in 8.3% of the non-smoking patients (p less than 0.001). Proliferative retinopathy was present in 12.5% of the smoking and in 6.8% of the non-smoking patients (p less than 0.025). The percentages of patients with normal proteinuria or without retinopathy were comparable between the two groups. In addition, glycosylated haemoglobin values and the prevalence of hypertension were similar between smoking and non-smoking patients. Thus, cigarette-smoking appears to be a risk factor for the progression of incipient to overt nephropathy and of background to proliferative retinopathy in Type 1 diabetes.
170 citations
TL;DR: It seems unlikely that a specific pattern of pathologically significant gliosis is present in schizophrenic brains and negative findings are of note because of previously reported structural differences in the temporal lobe in the schizophrenic group in this series.
150 citations
TL;DR: It has become possible to record ventricular late potentials non-invasively using appropriate recording and filtering techniques and it has been suggested that the presence of such electrograms during sinus rhythm indicates sites for potential reentrant circuits.
Abstract: Reentry plays a major role in the genesis of malignant ventricular arrhythmias' ~. The prerequisites for reentry are unidirectional block, slow conduction and recovery of the tissue ahead of the wavefront of excitation''. In this context, one of the most compelling findings attributed to slow conduction was the detection of delayed fractionated electrical activity during diastole in regions of experimental infarction' ~'. Since these potentials most frequently occur in the STsegment, they have been called iate potentials''. They are characterized by multiple low-amplitude spikes, sometimes separated by isoelectric intervals. It has been suggested that the presence of such electrograms during sinus rhythm indicates sites for potential reentrant circuits. Delayed and fractionated potentials have been observed during intraoperative epicardial and endocardial mapping (Fig. 1)1~' and endocardial catheter mapping in patients with ventricular tachycardia\"' \". Recently, it has become possible to record ventricular late potentials non-invasively using appropriate recording and filtering techniques'' \".
147 citations
TL;DR: Ce troisieme workshop s'est attache a determiner la precision des differents laboratoires, la specificite des anticorps anti-ilots, l'amelioration des concordances interlaboratoires en utilisant les standards JDF, and l'expression des resultats avec des unites arbitraires.
Abstract: Ce troisieme workshop s'est attache a determiner la precision des differents laboratoires, la specificite des anticorps anti-ilots, l'amelioration des concordances interlaboratoires en utilisant les standards JDF, et l'expression des resultats avec des unites arbitraires
134 citations
TL;DR: With a cDNA probe for a DQ beta gene, a 15 kb Hinc II restriction fragment has been demonstrated in genomic DNA from 7 of 16 HLA-DR3 patients with MG, 1 of 19 healthy DR3 controls, and none of 24 DR3 Patients with IDDM, coeliac disease, or POF.
120 citations
TL;DR: During maturation of the central nervous system the number of apo E-immunoreactive astrocytes significantly increases, but as a specific response to injury this protein rapidly disappears from the astroglial cell bodies.
112 citations
101 citations
TL;DR: This new visual phenomenon of a physiological 'inhibitory interaction' between object- and self-motion perception seems to have a somatosensory motor analogue.
98 citations
TL;DR: It is suggested that EAN induced by the P2‐specific T‐cell line can lead to a profound and rapidly evolving nerve dysfunction in a dose‐dependent fashion.
Abstract: P2-specific T cells (LiP2/A) mediate experimental allergic neuritis (EAN) in the Lewis rat after adoptive transfer to naive recipients. After a latent period of 4 days, injection of 2 X 10(6) line cells induced fulminant paraplegia and complete conduction failure in the peripheral nerves and roots, resembling acute axonal breakdown. Injection with 10(6) cells caused milder clinical signs, nerve conduction failure, and conduction slowing. Clinical and electrophysiological recovery from adoptively transferred EAN was nearly complete and its time course was inversely correlated to the initial severity of EAN. These findings suggest that EAN induced by the P2-specific T-cell line can lead to a profound and rapidly evolving nerve dysfunction in a dose-dependent fashion.
TL;DR: Analysis of ERPs is a useful electrophysiological tool for an objective assessment of cognition both in clinically definite and subclinical stages and a particularly high association of P3 latencies with measurements requiring speeded information processing in non-verbal tasks.
TL;DR: A multicenter trial of isotretinoin in severe papulopustular rosacea in adult patients was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy and safety of this treatment and found it to be highly effective in the clearing of refractory rosace lesions.
Abstract: A multicenter trial of isotretinoin in severe papulopustular rosacea in adult patients was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy and safety of this treatment. A 20-week course of therapy was instituted in 92 patients from 11 dermatology departments. At the end of the study period, isotretinoin was found to be highly effective in the clearing of refractory rosacea lesions.
TL;DR: In vivo uptake by liver macrophages is mediated by galactose-specific recognition as shown by inhibition with GalNAc, while N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) is without effect and GlNAc showed no inhibitory effect.
TL;DR: This investigation shows that extramitochondrial calcium released from the deenergized mitochondria causes the allosteric activation of the Ca uniporter and the implications of continually changing kinetics are considered for carbon tetrachloride intoxication and the action of alpha 1-adrenergic agonists in liver cells.
TL;DR: Results are consistent with an involvement in the rat of both β1-adrenoceptors (to a major extent) and β2-ad Renaline concentrations [only at high (−)-adrenaline concentrations] in the positive chronotropic effects of (−)- adrenaline.
Abstract: The role of sinoatrial beta 1- and beta 2-adrenoceptors mediating positive chronotropic effects of (-)-adrenaline and (-)-noradrenaline was investigated in rat right atria. Concentration effect curves for (-)-adrenaline, but not for (-)-noradrenaline, became biphasic in the presence of the beta 1-adrenoceptor antagonist CGP 20712 A. The curves for (-)-adrenaline in the presence of 300 nmol/l CGP 20712 A (equivalent to 1,000 times its KB, KB = 0.3 nmol/l for beta 1-adrenoceptors) comprise a high-sensitivity component that saturates at 1/4 of maximum effect, and a low sensitivity component. The high-sensitivity component is blocked by the beta 2-adrenoceptor-selective antagonist ICI 118,551. These results are consistent with an involvement in the rat of both beta 1-adrenoceptors (to a major extent) and beta 2-adrenoceptors [only at high (-)-adrenaline concentrations] in the positive chronotropic effects of (-)-adrenaline. (-)-Noradrenaline appears to activate mostly rat sinoatrial beta 1-adrenoceptors.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors calculated the effective surface area and boundary layer thickness of pharmaceutical powders in 2-propanol/water mixtures by taking the corresponding solubilities and diffusion coefficients into account.
TL;DR: In this paper, the applicability of the band structure model to anodic oxide films is discussed and data for special systems are given, and the transfer coefficients can be distinguished by determination of the transfer coefficient.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors showed that high power input causes fast sheath formation (100 keV) photons with which the insulator surface is irradiated during discharge initiation or using insulators with coppered surface.
Abstract: Discharge initiation and sheath formation are serious problems of high current (several MA) dynamical pinches because of the enormous power input. The fast 300 kV plasma focus SPEED 2 allowed studying the discharge behaviour in a wide range of power input (10-100 GW) previously not accessible. The main results are: (i) high power input causes fast sheath formation ( 100 keV) photons with which the insulator surface is irradiated during discharge initiation and sheath formation or using insulators with coppered surface.
TL;DR: Foveal pursuit during purely visual and combined visual-vestibular stimulus paradigms is discussed, presumably of pure vestibular origin and can be estimated as the vestibulo-ocular reflex in the dark.
Abstract: Publisher Summary Smooth pursuit eye movements incorporate at least three well-known types of eye movements: (1) Foveal pursuit, with the goal of keeping the visual projection of a small moving target continuously on the center of the fovea, as first described by Dodge (1903). (2) Schau-nystagmus (look nystagmus), in this case the subject deliberately “fixates” an object as a part of the visual world that is moving relative to the unaccelerated head. (3) Compensatory eye movements, which are known as vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) in the light, they manifest the attempt to “fixate” a stationary target while the head performs rotatory or translatory movements. The largest contribution to the neural control of these compensatory eye movements is presumably of pure vestibular origin and can be estimated as the vestibulo-ocular reflex in the dark. Various types of special pursuit eye movement can only be induced under certain laboratory conditions. This chapter discusses on foveal pursuit during purely visual and combined visual-vestibular stimulus paradigms.
TL;DR: The performance of SPIFODIS was compared quantitatively with that of a conventional amplitude trigger in two cases: when detecting a single unit with varied signal-to-noise ratios and when separating double units of equal amplitude.
TL;DR: A role for both macrophages and Thy-1 positive cells in the pathogenesis of low-dose streptozotocin-induced diabetes is indicated.
TL;DR: In this article, a renormalisation group study for the long time behavior of a diffusive system with a single conserved density which is subjected to an external driving force is presented. And the exact scaling form of the density correlation function is obtained, and the corresponding universal amplitude agrees excellently with a recent Monte Carlo simulation.
Abstract: We present a renormalisation group study for the long time behaviour of a diffusive system with a single conserved density which is subjected to an external driving force. In the asymptotic long wavelength limit the system approaches an infrared stable fixed point where detailed balance is satisfied. We obtain the exact scaling form of the density correlation function. In one dimension, the corresponding universal amplitude agrees excellently with a recent Monte Carlo simulation.
TL;DR: The relationship between the rate of glutathione disulfide export and the energy state was studied in isolated perfused rat heart and reveals that GSSG transport is half‐maximal at (ATP/ADP)free≈ 10.0%.
TL;DR: It is concluded that cochlear dysfunction is a specific and frequenct phenomenon of early onset FSHD.
Abstract: Bilateral sloping high frequency hearing loss of 20–90 dB was found in six out of ten patients with infantile or adolescent onset FSHD. In all cases the basic defect could be traced to the cochlea. The outer hair cells of the basal turn are predominantly affected. In 20 patients with various other forms of muscular dystrophy or neuromuscular disorders with an FSH distribution, no sensorineural hearing loss was found. Myopathology of FSHD patients extended from mild to severe, often showing inflammatory infiltrates and type I fibre atrophy, without unequivocal differences between the two groups with and without hearing loss. It is concluded that cochlear dysfunction is a specific and frequenct phenomenon of early onset FSHD.
TL;DR: Subjects with pathological slow horizontal saccades can be considered to have a high risk of developing the clinical symptoms of Huntington's disease.
TL;DR: It was concluded that, in children, the resolution of bladder lesions induced by urinary schistosomiasis resulted in reversibility of urinary tract obstructions one year after treatment with Praziquantel.
TL;DR: The influence of SP on the performance of the single trial “uphill avoidance task” was tested and the post-trial injection of 1 ng SP led to significantly longer latencies in the uphill response.
Abstract: The neuropeptide substance P (SP) was injected into the region of the nucleus basalis magnocellularis (NBM). The influence of SP on the performance of the single trial “uphill avoidance task” was tested. The post-trial injection of 1 ng SP (in 0.5 μl volume) led to significantly longer latencies in the uphill response. This result can be interpreted in terms of a facilitating effect of SP on performance of an inhibitory avoidance response.
TL;DR: Findings indicate that there is some correlation between Ca++ activity and DC potential in the cochlear endolymph in guinea pigs, and this should not be considered a cause for concern.
Abstract: We found changes in Ca++ activity and DC potential during the development of experimentally induced endolymphatic hydrops in guinea pigs. These findings indicate that there is some correlation between Ca++ activity and DC potential in the cochlear endolymph.
TL;DR: In this paper, an example of a beechwood stand on limestone in the northern Spessart (FRG) showed that there are not only floristic but also large ecological differences between the trunk base area of Fagus sylvatica and the remaining forest area.
Abstract: In many limestone beechwoods of Germany and neighbouring countries acid indicator plants, e.g. Luzula albida, Avenella flexuosa, Maianthemum bifolium and Mnium hornum, are found frequently in the area around the base of Fagus sylvatica trunks. An example of a beechwood stand on limestone in the northern Spessart (FRG) shows, that there are not only floristic but also large ecological differences between the trunk base area of Fagus sylvatica and the remaining forest area. A strong correlation between the direction of rainwater flowing down the trunk, soil-pH, and the pattern of species distribution was found. Since floristic and ecological uniformity are important criteria for the selection and delimitation of a releve plot, it may be advised to exclude the trunk base area from the overall releve of the forest community and make a separate releve of the trunk base area.