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Institution

University of Düsseldorf

EducationDüsseldorf, Germany
About: University of Düsseldorf is a education organization based out in Düsseldorf, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Transplantation. The organization has 25225 authors who have published 49155 publications receiving 1946434 citations.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: There were large disparities between high-, middle- and low-income countries with total health expenditures in high- Income countries being over 400 times those in low- income countries, with the ratio for annual direct health expenditure per person between these groups of countries is more than 39-fold.

401 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Although interferon beta-1b and glatiramer acetate had different adverse event profiles, the overall tolerability to both drugs was similar and no differences in relapse risk, EDSS progression, T1-hypointense lesion volume, or normalised brain volume were found.
Abstract: Summary Background The aim of the Betaferon Efficacy Yielding Outcomes of a New Dose (BEYOND) trial was to compare the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of 250 μg or 500 μg interferon beta-1b with glatiramer acetate for treating relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Methods Between November, 2003, and June, 2005, 2447 patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis were screened and 2244 patients were enrolled in this prospective, multicentre, randomised trial. Patients were randomly assigned 2:2:1 by block randomisation with regional stratification to receive one of two doses of interferon beta-1b (250 μg or 500 μg) subcutaneously every other day or 20 mg glatiramer acetate subcutaneously every day. The primary outcome was relapse risk, defined as new or recurrent neurological symptoms separated by at least 30 days from the preceding event and that lasted at least 24 h. Secondary outcomes were progression on the expanded disability status scale (EDSS) and change in T1-hypointense lesion volume. Clinical outcomes were assessed quarterly for 2·0–3·5 years; MRI was done at screening and annually thereafter. Analysis was by per protocol. This study is registered, number NCT00099502. Findings We found no differences in relapse risk, EDSS progression, T1-hypointense lesion volume, or normalised brain volume among treatment groups. Flu-like symptoms were more common in patients treated with interferon beta-1b (p Interpretation 500 μg interferon beta-1b was not more effective than the standard 250 μg dose, and both doses had similar clinical effects to glatiramer acetate. Although interferon beta-1b and glatiramer acetate had different adverse event profiles, the overall tolerability to both drugs was similar. Funding Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals.

400 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A variety of behavioral paradigms for these and other symptoms, which have been used to characterize behavioral changes in mice after MPTP treatment are reviewed and useful not only for further applications in the MPTP mouse model, but also more generally for the behavioral characterization of future mouse models of PD.

400 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Recent genomic and phylogenomic approaches have significantly clarified plastid genome evolution, the movement of endosymbiont genes to the "host" nuclear genome (endosYmbiotic gene transfer), and plastsid spread throughout the eukaryotic tree of life.
Abstract: The establishment of the photosynthetic organelle (plastid) in eukaryotes and the diversification of algae and plants were landmark evolutionary events because these taxa form the base of the food chain for many ecosystems on our planet. The plastid originated via a putative single, ancient primary endosymbiosis in which a heterotrophic protist engulfed and retained a cyanobacterium in its cytoplasm. Once successfully established, this plastid spread into other protist lineages through eukaryote-eukaryote (secondary and tertiary) endosymbioses. This process of serial cell capture and enslavement explains the diversity of photosynthetic eukaryotes. Recent genomic and phylogenomic approaches have significantly clarified plastid genome evolution, the movement of endosymbiont genes to the “host” nuclear genome (endosymbiotic gene transfer), and plastid spread throughout the eukaryotic tree of life. Here we review these aspects of plastid evolution with a focus on understanding early events in plastid endosymb...

400 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This meta-analysis supports the idea that the timing of GC administration (before learning or before retrieval) is a major determinant of the effects of GCs on human memory.

400 citations


Authors

Showing all 25575 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Karl J. Friston2171267217169
Roderick T. Bronson169679107702
Stanley B. Prusiner16874597528
Ralph A. DeFronzo160759132993
Monique M.B. Breteler15954693762
Thomas Meitinger155716108491
Karl Zilles13869272733
Ruben C. Gur13674161312
Alexis Brice13587083466
Michael Schmitt1342007114667
Michael Weller134110591874
Helmut Sies13367078319
Peter T. Fox13162283369
Yuri S. Kivshar126184579415
Markus M. Nöthen12594383156
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023139
2022470
20213,130
20202,720
20192,507
20182,439