University of East Anglia

About: University of East Anglia is a education organization based out in Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Climate change. The organization has 13250 authors who have published 37504 publications receiving 1669060 citations. The organization is also known as: UEA.

Reorienting Climate Change Communication for Effective Mitigation Forcing People to be Green or Fostering Grass-Roots Engagement?

Abstract: Climate communication approaches expend significant resources promoting attitudinal change, but research suggests that encouraging attitudinal change alone is unlikely to be effective. The link between an individual's attitudes and subsequent behavior is mediated by other influences, such as social norms and the “free-rider” effect. One way to engender mitigative behaviors would be to introduce regulation that forces green behavior, but government fears a resulting loss of precious political capital. Conversely, communication approaches that advocate individual, voluntary action ignore the social and structural impediments to behavior change. The authors argue that there are two crucial, but distinct, roles that communication could play in engaging the public in low carbon lifestyles: first, to facilitate public acceptance of regulation and second, to stimulate grass-roots action through affective and rational engagement with climate change. The authors also argue that using communication to stimulate demand for regulation may reconcile these “top-down” and “bottom-up” approaches.

Outcome of pregnancy in patients with structural or ischaemic heart disease: results of a registry of the European Society of Cardiology

Abstract: Aims To describe the outcome of pregnancy in patients with structural or ischaemic heart disease. Methods and results In 2007, the European Registry on Pregnancy and Heart disease was initiated by the European Society of Cardiology. Consecutive patients with valvular heart disease, congenital heart disease, ischaemic heart disease (IHD), or cardiomyopathy (CMP) presenting with pregnancy were enrolled. Data for the normal population were derived from the literature. Sixty hospitals in 28 countries enrolled 1321 pregnant women between 2007 and 2011. Median maternal age was 30 years (range 16–53). Most patients were in NYHA class I (72%). Congenital heart disease (66%) was most prevalent, followed by valvular heart disease 25%, CMP 7%, and IHD in 2%. Maternal death occurred in 1%, compared with 0.007% in the normal population. Highest maternal mortality was found in patients with CMP. During pregnancy, 338 patients (26%) were hospitalized, 133 for heart failure. Caesarean section was performed in 41%. Foetal mortality occurred in 1.7% and neonatal mortality in 0.6%, both higher than in the normal population. Median duration of pregnancy was 38 weeks (range 24–42) and median birth weight 3010 g (range 300–4850). In centres of developing countries, maternal and foetal mortality was higher than in centres of developed countries (3.9 vs. 0.6%, P < 0.001 and 6.5 vs. 0.9% P < 0.001) Conclusion The vast majority of patients can go safely through pregnancy and delivery as long as adequate pre-pregnancy evaluation and specialized high-quality care during pregnancy and delivery are available. Pregnancy outcomes were markedly worse in patients with CMP and in developing countries.