University of East Anglia

About: University of East Anglia is a education organization based out in Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Climate change. The organization has 13250 authors who have published 37504 publications receiving 1669060 citations. The organization is also known as: UEA.

Sustainability assessment: the state of the art

Abstract: Sustainability assessment is a recent framing of impact assessment that places emphasis on delivering positive net sustainability gains now and into the future. It can be directed to any type of de...

Reaction mechanism in chemisorption kinetics: nitrogen on the {100} plane of tungsten

Abstract: Kinetic models are developed for the formation of a chemisorbed overlayer on a homotattic surface with fourfold symmetry, taking into account the existence of short range order in the overlayer. It is shown that where the pairwise lateral interaction energy between nearest neighbour adatoms is large (repulsive or attractive), and the overlayer is consequently highly ordered, dissociative adsorption follows a pseudo first-order rate mechanism. Accurate sticking probabilities as a function of surface stoichiometry are reported for the interaction of nitrogen with the {100} plane of tungsten, obtained by a molecular beam technique, over a wide range of both surface and gas temperatures. The results are shown to be in quantitative agreement with the kinetic model, allowing for initial trapping into a mobile physisorbed state, and consistency is established with structural (low-energy electron diffraction) studies.

Greenhouse-gas emissions from energy use in the water sector

Abstract: The processes of abstraction, conveyance and treatment of fresh water and wastewater are all energy-intensive processes. This systematic review shows that the growing energy use and greenhouse-gas emissions from the water sector are under-recognized, suggesting the need for energy use to be further quantified and integrated into water resources management.

Relative impacts of human-induced climate change and natural climate variability

Abstract: Assessments of the regional impacts of human-induced climate change on a wide range of social and environmental systems are fundamental for determining the appropriate policy responses to climate change1,2,3. Yet regional-scale impact assessments are fraught with difficulties, such as the uncertainties of regional climate-change prediction4, the specification of appropriate environmental-response models5, and the interpretation of impact results in the context of future socio-economic and technological change6. The effects of such confounding factors on estimates of climate-change impacts have only been poorly explored3,4,5,6,7. Here we use results from recent global climate simulations8 and two environmental response models9,10 to consider systematically the effects of natural climate variability (30-year timescales) and future climate-change uncertainties on river runoff and agricultural potential in Europe. We find that, for some regions, the impacts of human-induced climate change by 2050 will be undetectable relative to those due to natural multi-decadal climate variability. If misleading assessments of—and inappropriate adaptation strategies to—climate-change impacts are to be avoided, future studies should consider the impacts of natural multi-decadal climate variability alongside those of human-induced climate change.