Institution
University of East Anglia
Education•Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom•
About: University of East Anglia is a education organization based out in Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Climate change. The organization has 13250 authors who have published 37504 publications receiving 1669060 citations. The organization is also known as: UEA.
Topics: Population, Climate change, Randomized controlled trial, Health care, Psychological intervention
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors identify the main areas where the interaction between marine biodiversity and threats is more pronounced and assess their spatial overlap with current marine protected areas in the Mediterranean and quantified the areas of conservation concern for biodiversity by looking at the spatial overlap between high biodiversity and high cumulative threats.
Abstract: Aim A large body of knowledge exists on individual anthropogenic threats that have an impact on marine biodiversity in the Mediterranean Sea, although we know little about how these threats accumulate and interact to affect marine species and ecosystems. In this context, we aimed to identify the main areas where the interaction between marine biodiversity and threats is more pronounced and to assess their spatial overlap with current marine protected areas in the Mediterranean. Location Mediterranean Sea. Methods We first identified areas of high biodiversity of marine mammals, marine turtles, seabirds, fishes and commercial or well-documented invertebrates. We mapped potential areas of high threat where multiple threats are occurring simultaneously. Finally we quantified the areas of conservation concern for biodiversity by looking at the spatial overlap between high biodiversity and high cumulative threats, and we assessed the overlap with protected areas. Results Our results show that areas with high marine biodiversity in the Mediterranean Sea are mainly located along the central and north shores, with lower values in the south-eastern regions. Areas of potential high cumulative threats are widespread in both the western and eastern basins, with fewer areas located in the south-eastern region. The interaction between areas of high biodiversity and threats for invertebrates, fishes and large animals in general (including large fishes, marine mammals, marine turtles and seabirds) is concentrated in the coastal areas of Spain, Gulf of Lions, north-eastern Ligurian Sea, Adriatic Sea, Aegean Sea, south-eastern Turkey and regions surrounding the Nile Delta and north-west African coasts. Areas of concern are larger for marine mammal and seabird species. Main conclusions These areas may represent good candidates for further research, management and protection activities, since there is only a maximum 2% overlap between existing marine protected areas (which cover 5% of the Mediterranean Sea) and our predicted areas of conservation concern for biodiversity.
505 citations
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University of Cambridge1, Florida Institute of Technology2, Fauna & Flora International3, Zoological Society of London4, National Autonomous University of Mexico5, Simon Fraser University6, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University7, World Wide Fund for Nature8, Georgia State University9, State Street Corporation10, Conservation International11, University of Maine12, United Nations Environment Programme13, The Nature Conservancy14, University of Oxford15, World Bank16, Wetlands International17, International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources18, Imperial College London19, Natural Environment Research Council20, Clemson University21, George Mason University22, University of Queensland23, Bangor University24, BirdLife International25, World Resources Institute26, Wildlife Conservation Society27, Venezuelan Institute for Scientific Research28, Center for International Forestry Research29, Ocean Conservancy30, National University of Singapore31, Temple University32, Oregon State University33, University of East Anglia34
TL;DR: 100 scientific questions that, if answered, would have the greatest impact on conservation practice and policy are identified and are expected to help identify new directions for researchers and assist funders in directing funds.
Abstract: We identified 100 scientific questions that, if answered, would have the greatest impact on conservation practice and policy. Representatives from 21 international organizations, regional sections and working groups of the Society for Conservation Biology, and 12 academics, from all continents except Antarctica, compiled 2291 questions of relevance to conservation of biological diversity worldwide. The questions were gathered from 761 individuals through workshops, email requests, and discussions. Voting by email to short-list questions, followed by a 2-day workshop, was used to derive the final list of 100 questions. Most of the final questions were derived through a process of modification and combination as the workshop progressed. The questions are divided into 12 sections: ecosystem functions and services, climate change, technological change, protected areas, ecosystem management and restoration, terrestrial ecosystems, marine ecosystems, freshwater ecosystems, species management, organizational systems and processes, societal context and change, and impacts of conservation interventions. We anticipate that these questions will help identify new directions for researchers and assist funders in directing funds.
505 citations
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TL;DR: Despite the substantial statistical and clinical heterogeneity, the findings indicate a probable association between PPI use and incident and recurrent CDI, which is further increased by concomitant use of antibiotics and PPI, whereas H2RAs may be less harmful.
505 citations
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TL;DR: It is shown that point mutations in the seed region of miR-96, a miRNAs expressed in hair cells of the inner ear, result in autosomal dominant, progressive hearing loss and this is the first study implicating a miRNA in a mendelian disorder.
Abstract: Miguel Moreno-Pelayo and colleagues report mutations in the seed region of human miR-96 segregating with progressive hearing loss in two families. In an accompanying paper, Karen Steel and colleagues show that the mouse diminuendo mutant, which also shows progressive hearing loss, carries a similar mutation in the seed region of mouse miR-96. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) bind to complementary sites in their target mRNAs to mediate post-transcriptional repression1,2, with the specificity of target recognition being crucially dependent on the miRNA seed region3. Impaired miRNA target binding resulting from SNPs within mRNA target sites has been shown to lead to pathologies associated with dysregulated gene expression4,5,6,7. However, no pathogenic mutations within the mature sequence of a miRNA have been reported so far. Here we show that point mutations in the seed region of miR-96, a miRNA expressed in hair cells of the inner ear8, result in autosomal dominant, progressive hearing loss. This is the first study implicating a miRNA in a mendelian disorder. The identified mutations have a strong impact on miR-96 biogenesis and result in a significant reduction of mRNA targeting. We propose that these mutations alter the regulatory role of miR-96 in maintaining gene expression profiles in hair cells required for their normal function.
504 citations
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TL;DR: The development of this staining method and its initial cross-validation by comparison with infrared (IR) microscopy identified the same particles as those found by scanning a filter area with IR-microscopy.
Abstract: A new approach is presented for analysis of microplastics in environmental samples, based on selective fluorescent staining using Nile Red (NR), followed by density-based extraction and filtration. The dye adsorbs onto plastic surfaces and renders them fluorescent when irradiated with blue light. Fluorescence emission is detected using simple photography through an orange filter. Image-analysis allows fluorescent particles to be identified and counted. Magnified images can be recorded and tiled to cover the whole filter area, allowing particles down to a few micrometres to be detected. The solvatochromic nature of Nile Red also offers the possibility of plastic categorisation based on surface polarity characteristics of identified particles. This article details the development of this staining method and its initial cross-validation by comparison with infrared (IR) microscopy. Microplastics of different sizes could be detected and counted in marine sediment samples. The fluorescence staining identified the same particles as those found by scanning a filter area with IR-microscopy.
503 citations
Authors
Showing all 13512 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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George Davey Smith | 224 | 2540 | 248373 |
Nicholas J. Wareham | 212 | 1657 | 204896 |
Cyrus Cooper | 204 | 1869 | 206782 |
Kay-Tee Khaw | 174 | 1389 | 138782 |
Phillip A. Sharp | 172 | 614 | 117126 |
Rory Collins | 162 | 489 | 193407 |
William J. Sutherland | 148 | 966 | 94423 |
Shah Ebrahim | 146 | 733 | 96807 |
Kenneth M. Yamada | 139 | 446 | 72136 |
Martin McKee | 138 | 1732 | 125972 |
David Price | 138 | 1687 | 93535 |
Sheila Bingham | 136 | 519 | 67332 |
Philip Jones | 135 | 644 | 90838 |
Peter M. Rothwell | 134 | 779 | 67382 |
Ivan Reid | 131 | 1318 | 85123 |