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Institution

University of East Anglia

EducationNorwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom
About: University of East Anglia is a education organization based out in Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Climate change. The organization has 13250 authors who have published 37504 publications receiving 1669060 citations. The organization is also known as: UEA.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This is the first study to link exploitation responses of an entire community to the life histories of individual species, demonstrating that fishing has greater effects on slower growing, larger species with later maturity and lower rates of potential population increase.
Abstract: 1. An understanding of the links between life histories and responses to exploitation could provide the basis for predicting shifts in community structure by identifying susceptible species and linking life-history tactics with population dynamics. 2. We examined long-term trends in the abundance of species in the North Sea bottom-dwelling (demersal) fish community. Between 1925 & 1996 changes in species composition led to an increase in mean growth rate, while mean maximum size, age at maturity and size at maturity decreased. The demersal fish community was increasingly heavily fished during this period. 3. Trends in mean life-history characteristics of the community were linked to trends in abundance of component species. An approach based on phylogenetic comparisons was used to examine the differential effects of fishing on individual species with contrasting life histories. 4. Those species that decreased in abundance relative to their nearest relative, matured later at a greater size, grew more slowly towards a greater maximum size and had lower rates of potential population increase. The phylogenetically based analyses demonstrated that trends in community structure could be predicted from the differential responses of related species to fishing. 5. This is the first study to link exploitation responses of an entire community to the life histories of individual species. The results demonstrate that fishing has greater effects on slower growing, larger species with later maturity and lower rates of potential population increase. The comparative approach provides a basis for predicting structural change in other exploited communities.

482 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors found that children suspected of being maltreated are under-reported to child-protection agencies, and a perception that reporting might do more harm than good, are among the reasons for not reporting.

480 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that mate choice by males is potentially widespread and has a distinct role in how mating systems evolve.
Abstract: The distinct reproductive roles of males and females, which for many years were characterised in terms of competitive males and choosy females, have remained a central focus of sexual selection since Darwin's time. Increasing evidence now shows that males can be choosy too, even in apparently unexpected situations, such as under polygyny or in the absence of male parental care. Here, we provide a synthesis of the theory on male mate choice and examine the factors that promote or constrain its evolution. We also discuss the evolutionary significance of male mate choice and the contrasts in male versus female mate choice. We conclude that mate choice by males is potentially widespread and has a distinct role in how mating systems evolve.

480 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The wheat gluten proteins correspond to the major storage proteins that are deposited in the starchy endosperm cells of the developing grain and are brought together to form a continuous viscoelastic network when flour is mixed with water to form dough.
Abstract: The wheat gluten proteins correspond to the major storage proteins that are deposited in the starchy endosperm cells of the developing grain. These form a continuous proteinaceous matrix in the cells of the mature dry grain and are brought together to form a continuous viscoelastic network when flour is mixed with water to form dough. These viscoelastic properties underpin the utilization of wheat to give bread and other processed foods. One group of gluten proteins, the HMM subunits of glutenin, is particularly important in conferring high levels of elasticity (i.e. dough strength). These proteins are present in HMM polymers that are stabilized by disulphide bonds and are considered to form the ‘elastic backbone’ of gluten. However, the glutamine–rich repetitive sequences that comprise the central parts of the HMM subunits also form extensive arrays of interchain hydrogen bonds that may contribute to the elastic properties via a ‘loop and train’ mechanism. Genetic engineering can be used to manipulate the amount and composition of the HMM subunits, leading to either increased dough strength or to more drastic changes in gluten structure and properties.

480 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used textural and boulder shape characteristics to distinguish different types of till, and found that large boulders embedded in lodgement till tend to be streamlined with striae parallel to glacier flow and with an abruptly truncated distal extremity, rather like a roche moutonnee.
Abstract: Debris transported by glacier is derived either supraglacially from nunataks and valley sides or from erosion of the subglacial bed. Debris produced above the glacier by fracturing of rock walls has a dominant coarse fraction with angular boulders. Subsequent englacial or supraglacial transport is relatively passive and little comminution occurs. Debris eroded from subglacial bedrock is initially transported in a basal zone of traction, where particles frequently come into contact with the glacier bed and are retarded by it so that large forces may be generated between particles and the bed and at interparticle contacts. The material introduced into this tractional zone may be subglacial bedrock which has undergone a crushing-plucking event and which has a dominant coarse fraction, or supraglacially derived material which finds its way to the glacier bed. These parent debris assemblages are further comminuted by failure in response to locally concentrated compressive stresses, and attrition at shearing interfaces. Boulders transported through the tractional zone will tend to be rounded and bear several directions of striation. Large boulders embedded in lodgement till will tend to be streamlined with striae parallel to glacier flow and with an abruptly truncated distal extremity, rather like a roche moutonnee. Textural and boulder shape characteristics can be used to help distinguish different types of till.

479 citations


Authors

Showing all 13512 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
George Davey Smith2242540248373
Nicholas J. Wareham2121657204896
Cyrus Cooper2041869206782
Kay-Tee Khaw1741389138782
Phillip A. Sharp172614117126
Rory Collins162489193407
William J. Sutherland14896694423
Shah Ebrahim14673396807
Kenneth M. Yamada13944672136
Martin McKee1381732125972
David Price138168793535
Sheila Bingham13651967332
Philip Jones13564490838
Peter M. Rothwell13477967382
Ivan Reid131131885123
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023115
2022385
20212,203
20202,121
20191,957
20181,798