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Showing papers by "University of Erlangen-Nuremberg published in 1974"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Human wart virus was isolated from plantar warts and component I was transcribed into radioactive complementary RNA (cRNA) with the aid of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase, and used as a probe for the detection of wart viral DNA in human warts, condylomata acuminata, laryngeal papillomas and some malignant human tumors.
Abstract: Human wart virus was isolated from plantar warts. After extraction of its DNA, component I was transcribed into radioactive complementary RNA (cRNA) with the aid of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase. The resulting cRNA annealed specifically to wart viral DNA and was used as a probe for the detection of wart viral DNA in human warts, condylomata acuminata, laryngeal papillomas and some malignant human tumors. High concentrations of hybridizing DNA were found in plantar warts. Verrucae vulgares annealed to a considerably lower extent only, indicating that very few genome equivalents were present in those papilloma cells. Some verrucae vulgares were found to be completely negative in this test. Condylomata acuminata, as well as laryngeal papillomas and all malignant tumors tested, did not hybridize with wart viral cRNA.

256 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Data show that Epstein‐Barr virus‐specific cRNA annealed significantly with DNA from nasopharyngeal carcinoma biopsies as well as with DNA preparations from leukocytes, bone marrow, lymph node and spleen of some patients with infectious mononucleosis, and that such a relationship (if it exists) must differ quantitatively to a considerable extent from the one observed with EBV in EBV‐associated tumors.
Abstract: DNA derived from various human malignant and non-malignant tissues was hybridized with radioactive complementary RNA (cR NA) synthetized in vitro with the aid of Ecoli-RNA-polymerase by using DNA of human herpes group viruses as templates. Epstein-Barr virus (EB V) -specific c R NA annealed significantly with DNA from nasopharyngeal carcinoma biopsies as well as with DNA preparations from leukocytes, bone marrow, lymph node and spleen of some patients with infectious mononucleosis. No significant hybridization was observed with either herpes simplex type 2 or type I cRNA and DNA from ten cervical carcinoma biopsies. cRNA of human cytomegalovirus and varicellazoster virus did not hybridize with DNA from Kaposi’s sarcoma or DNA from heavily infiltrated spleens of patients with Hodgkin’s disease. These data do not exclude a role of these herpes viruses in the etiology of cervical carcinoma, Kaposi’s sarcoma and Hodgkin’s disease. They show, however, that such a relationship (if it exists) must differ quantitatively to a considerable extent from the one observed with EBV in EBV-associated tumors.

115 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Lyso-bis-phosphatidic acid purified from cultured hamster kidney fibroblast cells was subjected to strong alkaline hydrolysis and the absence of sn-glycerol-3-Phosphate indicates that the backbone of this lipid has the uncommon structure of 1-sn-glycersophosphoryl-1′- sn- glycerol.

104 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In both groups, cytoplasmic and mitochondrial redox states of pyridine nucleotides shifted to a more reduced level, but the changes were much less extensive in rats chronically fed ethanol, suggesting metabolic adaption may reflect the oxidation of ethanol by a pathway not involving alcohol dehydrogenase.

77 citations



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the ESR-spectra of Na-doped ZnO single crystals are reported, caused by a hole trapped at the Na+ center, and an emission, due to recombination at the center, is reported, polarized ⊥c and peaked at 570 nm.

63 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results indicate that plain and complex flagella are entirely different in structure and composition and that the complex type represents a novel flagellar species.
Abstract: Cells of Pseudomonas rhodos 9-6 produce two morphologically distinct flagella termed plain and complex, respectively. Fine structure analyses by electron microscopy and optical diffraction showed that plain flagellar filaments are cylinders of 13-nm diameter composed of globular subunits like normal bacterial flagella. The structure comprises nine large-scale helical rows of subunits intersecting four small-scale helices of pitch angle 25 degrees . Complex filaments have a conspicuous helical sheath, 18-nm wide, of three close-fitting helical bands, each about 4.7-nm wide, separated by axial intervals, 4.7 nm wide, running at an angle of 27 degrees . The internal core has similar but not identical substructure to plain filaments. Unlike plain flagella, the complex species is fragile and does not aggregate in bundles. Mutants bearing only one of two types of flagellum were isolated. Cells with plain flagella showed normal translational motion, and cells with complex flagella showed rapid spinning. Isolated plain flagella consist of a 37,000-dalton subunit separable into two isoproteins. Complex filaments consist of a 55,000-dalton protein; a second 43,000-dalton protein was assigned to complex flagellar hooks. The results indicate that plain and complex flagella are entirely different in structure and composition and that the complex type represents a novel flagellar species. Its possible mode of action is discussed.

62 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The adsorption states of carbon monoxide on polycrystalline nickel films have been investigated by measuring the thermal desorption, the heat of adsoreption, and the change in resistivity as discussed by the authors.

51 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It was concluded that these data show a direct estrogen effect on lipolysis; the mechanism appears to be mediated by cyclic AMP.

51 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the relationship between the photon scattering amplitude and the hadronic part of the Lehmann spectral density of the photon propagator is discussed in terms of a photonuclear sum rule based on dispersion relations and some possible asymptotic extrapolations of photon cross sections are investigated.

49 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Apr 1974
TL;DR: In this article, the spin doublet ground state split was found to be less than 1 cm −1, and the transition probabilities for spin-lattice relaxation have been calculated for those ground states.
Abstract: 57 Fe Mossbauer spectra of [FeL 4 ] (ClO 4 ) 2 where L = 1,8-naphthyridine have been measured at 4.2°K in external magnetic fields up to 55 kG parallel to the direction of the γ-rays. The spectra have been fitted in the spin hamiltonian approximation assuming an orbital singlet ground state of the 5 D multiplet of Fe 2+ . The fit of the spectra is not unique, yet the possible spin hamiltonian parameter sets found lead to a spin doublet ground state split by less than 1 cm −1 . The transition probabilities for spin-lattice relaxation have been calculated for those ground states. Orbach processes via excited spin hamiltonian states cannot be neglected. The results explain the fluctuations observed in the spectra in low external magnetic fields (10 kG). The spin hamiltonian parameters provide information on the orbital energy levels. Therefrom the reduction of the quadrupole splitting by spin—orbit coupling results to be small thus explaining the extremely large quadrupole splitting of 4.54 mm/sec.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is seen that nondegeneracy is closely related to a generalized version of the problem ''represent a given integer @l >= o by means of integer weights g,...,g"r >= 0 via @s^r" @r="1a"@rg"@[email protected] such that the integer coefficients a"@r satisfy 0= 0.


Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 1974
TL;DR: In this paper, the defect structure of 2Fe1-yO has been investigated by electrical conductivity and gravimetric measurements in CO2-CO atmospheres in the temperature range 1000 to 1150°C.
Abstract: The possible disorder types in iron orthosilicate, 2Fe1-yO.SiO2 are discussed on the basis of knowledge of its crystal structure and the defect structure of transition-metal oxides. The defect structure has been investigated by electrical-conductivity and gravimetric measurements in CO2-CO atmospheres in the temperature range 1000 to 1150°C. The results are consistent with a disorder type of doubly ionized iron vacancies and an equivalent number of electron holes. In comparison with Fe1-yO, the point-defect concentrations in the iron orthosilicate are found to be lower by a factor of 102. For the interpretation of conductivity, the same models as for transition-metal oxides have been used. The Po2 dependence and Seebeck coefficient indicate a p conduction. The calculated mobility of electron holes of 6 x 10-3 cm2/v-sec as well as the activation enthalpy for motion of 5.8 kcal/mole suggest a small polaron mechanism.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Schneider-Vidyasagar et al. as discussed by the authors showed that the connections between A quasimonotone and exp( tA ) monotone are special cases of differential inequalities for initial value problems in partially ordered topological vector spaces.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It was found that it was not possible to predict whether the antibiotics intercalated, from studies of theCD spectra alone, even when comparisons were made with the CD spectra of aminoacridine–DNA complexes with intercalating or nonintercalating ligands.
Abstract: The circular dichroism spectra of complexes of the antibiotics daunomycin, nogalamycin, chromomycin, and mithramycin with calf thymus DNA have been measured over a range of drug/DNA ratios. The similarity of the CD spectra of bound chromomycin and mithramycin suggests that they have very similar binding sites, which produce strong effects on the CD spectra of the bound drugs, and remove the differences arising from local stereochemistry in the free drugs. It was found that it was not possible to predict whether the antibiotics intercalated, from studies of the CD spectra alone, even when comparisons were made with the CD spectra of aminoacridine–DNA complexes with intercalating or nonintercalating ligands.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Adult males and females of Gryllus bimaculatus were kept at 8 constant temperatures and 8 temperatures that varied during the day-night cycle to cover the entire scope of temperature tolerance of the crickets.
Abstract: 1. Adulte Mittelmeerfeldgrillen wurden vom Zeitpunkt der Imaginalhautung an bei 8 konstanten und 8 tagesperiodisch alternierenden Temperaturen gehalten, die den gesamten Lebensbereich von Gryllus bimaculatus erfassen. Bestimmt wurden die mittlere Lebenserwartung, Nahrungsverbrauch und Kotproduktion, Dauer der Nahrungspassage durch den Darm und Restnahrstoffe in den Exkrementen, Eiablage, Entwicklungszeit und die Entwicklungsrate der Eier. 2. Gryllus bimaculatus zeigt fur die untersuchten physiologischen Leistungen unter konstanten Temperaturbedingungen unterschiedliche Temperaturanspruche und Optimalbereiche. Adulte Tiere weisen die langste Lebensdauer bei 20°C auf und nehmen erst bei Temperaturen uber 10°C Nahrung zu sich. Die gunstigste Futterverwertung erfolgt zwischen 27° und 34°C. Hautungen zu Imagines konnten erst ab 20°C beobachtet werden. Das Temperaturpraferendum von 34±2°C liegt in einem Bereich mit zunehmender Mortalitatsrate. Bei Temperaturen unter 20°C legen die Weibchen keine Eier ab, bei 34°C erreicht die Eiproduktion ein Maximum von 1000 Stuck pro Tier mit einer Ausschlupfrate von 53%. Die Embryonalentwicklung beginnt im Ei bei 16,6°C, ihre kurzeste Entwicklungsdauer erreichen die Larven bei 34°C. 3. Mit Ausnahme von Lebensdauer und Eiproduktion fordern alternierende Tagestemperaturen die physiologischen Leistungen adulter Gryllus bimaculatus nicht. Die Zahl der abgelegten Eier liegt bei Wechseltemperaturen um 20° und 27°C 1,4–3mal so hoch wie bei den mittleren konstanten Temperaturwerten. Mit konstanten 34°C vergleichbare Ergebnisse werden fur alle gemessenen Parameter nur bei Wechseltemperaturen um 27°C annahernd erreicht. 4. Die Produktion organischer Substanz (Gewichtsveranderungen und Eiproduktion) und die Embryonalentwicklungszeit folgen annahernd den von Kaufmann (1932) aufgestellten Temperatursummenregeln. 5. Bei konstanten Haltungstemperaturen von 13° und 10°C nehmen die Tiere noch relativ viel Futter auf, produzieren aber kaum mehr Kot. Eine Erhohung des Quotienten aus Futterverbrauch zu Kotproduktion von Q=4–6 bei 20°–38°C auf Q=7–39 bei 10° und 13°C bedeutet in diesem Temperaturbereich eine Speicherung von Nahrstoffen im Korper, wie sie schon bei biochemischen Ganztieranalysen gefunden wurde (Hoffmann, 1973). 6. Tagesperiodisch alternierende Temperaturen sind durch die Amplitude, Aufheiz- und Abkuhlgeschwindigkeit, obere und untere Grenztemperaturwerte, die zeitliche Lage und das Verhaltnis von Warme- zu Kalteperiode zu charakterisieren. Daruberhinaus werden physiologische Leistungsanpassungen durch den 24-stundigen Licht-Dunkel-Zyklus, Beziehungen des Temperaturwechsels zum Licht-Dunkel-Wechsel und durch endogene Rhythmen mitbestimmt.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the crystal structure of the needle-shaped metastable β″ phase in an AlSiMg alloy has been studied by electron diffraction and the β″-phase structure has been found to be monoclinic (a = c = 6.16 A, b = 7.1 A, β = 82°).
Abstract: The crystal structure of the needle-shaped metastable β″ phase in an AlSiMg alloy has been studied by electron diffraction. Three different matrix orientations, [001], [101], and [112] were obtained using a tilt-rotation goniometer stage and checked with a computed stereographic projection. The β″-phase structure has been found to be monoclinic (a = c = 6.16 A, b = 7.1 A, β = 82°) in excellent confirmation to Schegoleva's X-ray analysis [6]. Die Kristallstruktur der nadelformigen, metastabilen β″-Phase in einer AlSiMg-Legierung wurde mittels Elektronenbeugung untersucht. Drei verschiedene Matrix-Orientierungen, [001], [101] und [112] konnten mit Hilfe des Kipp-Drehtisches eingestellt und mittels berechneter stereographischer Projektion gepruft werden. Die β″-Phase ergab sich als von monokliner Struktur (a = c = 6,16 A, b = 7,1 A, β = 82°) in ausgezeichneter Bestatigung von Schegolevas Rontgenuntersuchung [6].

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Tympner et al. as discussed by the authors investigated the response to secretin and secretin plus pancreozymin in man and found that the response was similar to that of women.
Abstract: Tympner, F., Domschke, S., Domschke, W., Classen, M. & Demling, L. Reproducibility of the response to secretin and secretin plus pancreozymin in man. Scand. J. Gastroent. 1974, 9, 377-381.In 20 cli...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Schmitt et al. as discussed by the authors analyzed komplexe Geiseln, deren Feinstruktur durch Hochauflosungs-Elektronenmikroskopie and lichtoptische Diffraktion analysiert wurde.
Abstract: Zellen von Rhizobium lupini H 13-3 besitzen 5–10 peritrich inserierte komplexe Geiseln, deren Feinstruktur durch Hochauflosungs-Elektronenmikroskopie und lichtoptische Diffraktion analysiert wurde. Das Geiselfilament hat einen Durchmesser von 160 A und besteht aus einem zylindrischen Kern (Durchmesser ca. 110 A), der fest von drei Bandern einer helikalen Scheide umgeben ist. Die Scheidenbander sind 49 A breit, durch 49 A-Intervalle voneinander getrennt und haben eine Steigung von 31°. Die komplexen Geiselfilamente bestehen aus einem 43 000-Dalton-Protein, das den Kern und die helikale Scheide aufbaut. Beide gehen ubergangslos aus dem proximalen Geiselhaken hervor, der einen Durchmesser von 150 A und eine Lange von 600 bis 800 A hat. Die Diffraktionsanalyse des Geiselhakens zeigte eine helikale Grundanordnung von globularen Untereinheiten, die ein Oberflachengitter von 5 parallelen Schrauben (Steigung 29° bzw. 33°) bilden, von denen jede fast 11 Untereinheiten pro Helixungang tragt. Die komplexen Geiseln von R. lupini H 13-3 und Pseudomonas rhodos [Schmitt et al.: J. Bact. 117, 844–857 (1974)] sind ein neuer Typ von Bakteriengeiseln. Sie zeigen deutliche Ubereinstimmung in der Feinstruktur, der festen Verbindung von helikaler Scheide und Geiselhaken sowie in der Fragilitat ihrer Filamente; sie unterscheiden sich deutlich im Molekulargewicht der Flagellinmonomeren (43 000 bzw. 55 000). Zellen von R. lupini H 13-3 fuhren schnelle, vibrierende Translationsbewegungen aus. Mogliche Mechanismen der Bewegung komplexer Geiseln werden diskutiert.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Four independently derived hybrids between the mouse fibroblast line A9 and the human, Burkitt‐lymphoma‐derived lymphoblastoid cell line Daudi were studied for the presence of the Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) genome, theEBV‐determined nuclear antigen (EBNA), other EBV‐associated antigens, human surface immunoglobulin and the presenceof human chromosomes.
Abstract: Four independently derived hybrids between the mouse fibroblast line A9 and the human, Burkitt-lymphoma-derived lymphoblastoid cell line Daudi were studied for the presence of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome, the EBV-determined nuclear antigen (EBNA), other EBV-associated antigens, human surface immunoglobulin and the presence of human chromosomes. The four lines differed in the number of their EBV genomes. There was a parallelism between this number, as detected by c/RNA/DNA hybridization, and the frequency of EBNA-positive nuclei. None of the other EBV-antigens, EA, VCA or MA, was expressed at any time, either in the untreated hybrid cells or after IUDR-treatment. The hybrids did not carry detectable surface-associated immunoglobulin or EBV-receptors. The presence of the EBV genome was coincident with the maintenance of human chromosomes, but the hybrids that have lost detectable viral genomes and EBNA still contained a considerable number of human chromosomes, suggesting that the viral genome may be associated with a few chromosomes only.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a new interpretation of proton resonance measurements on single crystals yields χxx/χyy = 1,54 being in good agreement with the value deduced from Mossbauer powder spectra.
Abstract: Mossbauer, proton resonance, and susceptibility measurements (T ≦ 4.2 K) on FeSiF6. · 6H2O can be understood with the hypothesis that there are three equivalent Fe(II) sites related by C3 operation and the effective symmetry of the ligand field at each Fe(II) ion site is c2h (or lower). The nonaxial susceptibility tensor χ is related to the measured axial tensor χm by the equation χm = ⅓(χ + C3χC3−1 + CχC). A new interpretation of proton resonance measurements on single crystals yields χxx/χyy = 1,54 being in good agreement with the value deduced from Mossbauer powder spectra. The hyperfine constants are reconsidered. The quadrupole moment Q of the 14.4 keV 57Fe state is determined to be Q =0.20 b. Mosbauer-, Protonenresonanz- und Suszeptibilitatsmessungen (T ≦ 4.2 K) am FeSiF6. · 6H2O werden mit der Hypothese verstanden, das es im Kristall drei aquivalente Fe(II)- Platze gibt, die durch eine C3-Operation auseinander hervorgehen. Die effektive Symmetrie an jedem Eisenplatz ist C2h (oder niedriger). Der Zusammenhang zw-ischen dem nicht- axialen Suszeptibilitatstensor χ und dem gemessenen Tensor χm = ⅓(χ + C3χC3−1 + CχC).Eine Neuinterpretation der Protonenresonanz-Messungen an Einkristallen ergibl, fur den χ-Tensor χxx/χyy = 1,54 in guter Ubereinstimmung mit dem Wert, der am Mosbauer-Pulver-Spektren erhalten wird. Die Hyperfein-Konstanten werden neu diskutiert. Das Quadrupolmoment Q des 14,4 keV-Zustands vom 57Fe wird zu Q =0,20 b bestimmt.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of the structure of a nucleus on the nuclear (3,3) resonance is discussed in the framework of a special kind of a particle hole model where the elementary excitation mode is assumed to be the transition of a bound nucleon into a (bound) Δ.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, 6 polare and 8 unpolare PTH-Aminosauren wurden an "reversed phase"-system aus Corasil C18 and zwei Wasser/Acetonitril/Isopropanol-Gemischen, die sich lediglich im Wassergehalt unterscheiden, flussig-chromatographisch getrennt.
Abstract: 6 polare und 8 unpolare PTH-Aminosauren wurden an einem “reversed phase”-System aus Corasil C18 und zwei Wasser/Acetonitril/Isopropanol-Gemischen, die sich lediglich im Wassergehalt unterscheiden, flussig-chromatographisch getrennt. Bei Anwendung eines Stufengradienten aus beiden Elutionsmischphasen gelang die Trennung der 14 PTH-Derivate in einem Durchlauf in weniger als 40 Minuten. Die Vorteile des angewandten Systems liegen in der guten Reproduzierbarkeit der Retentionswerte, die eine sichere Identifizierung der einzelnen PTH-Aminosauren zulast.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A method is described for minimizing Fourier-domain phase-quantization noise in the image reconstructed from a computer-generated hologram using manipulation of the hologram magnitude to counteract the deleterious effects of phase quantization.
Abstract: A method is described for minimizing Fourier-domain phase-quantization noise in the image reconstructed from a computer-generated hologram. This method uses manipulation of the hologram magnitude to counteract the deleterious effects of phase quantization.

Book ChapterDOI
09 Oct 1974
TL;DR: Establishing a syntax-directed concept for implementing incremental compilers, the authors need a formal system to describe the syntax of languages the words of which are labelled graphs.
Abstract: Program and data structures may be described formally by using graphs with labelled nodes and edges. The Vienna Definition Language [4] is a well-known example of such a system which uses a special type of graphs, namely trees. Implementing an incremental compiler, we must consider various lists and a lot of references between them in order to allow insertion, deletion, or substitution of increments (see e.g. [6]). (We consider increments to be some syntactical units still to be defined by the implementer.) Formally, these data constitute a graph with labelled nodes (increments and some special “nonterminal” symbols, e.g. pointers) and labelled edges (references of different types); however, the result is not always a tree. We may consider the following types of edges: surrounding block of an increment or block, applied occurrence of a declared entity, next increment, first increment of a block, etc. Establishing a syntax-directed concept for implementing incremental compilers, we need a formal system to describe the syntax of languages the words of which are labelled graphs.



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the product of CF 3 Re(CO) 5 with CS 2 has been identified by an X-ray structure analysis as a trithiocarbonato complex of the composition (OC) 4 ReS 2 CS[Re) 4 ] 2 SCS 2 Re( CO) 4, with bi-and tri-valent sulphur.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the electron impact mass spectra of all the alkyl iodoarsines can be completely assigned in the range of 4000 − 250 cm−1. And the fragmentations of the cycloarsines and the other compounds are discussed.