Showing papers by "University of Erlangen-Nuremberg published in 1977"
TL;DR: Enhanced growth potential of lymphoblasts resisting antileukemic therapy is suggested, as well as no proliferation of leukemic cells occurred in explants from patients revealing the first manifestation of the disease.
Abstract: Sixty-two explants from peripheral blood, bone marrow and cerebral fluid of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and leukemic transformed non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) were cultivated for at least 8 weeks. Although lymphatic cells persisted up to 16 weeks in tissue culture, no proliferation was observed in 54 cultures. From the remaining cultures, eight permanently growing cell lines were obtained. Five of these were EBNA (Epstein-Barr virus-specific nuclear antigen)-positive. Three, however, were ENBA-negative and lacked Epstein-Barr virus genomes. Two cell lines (KM-3 and SH-2) expressed neither B nor T cell characteristics. One line (JM) expressed T cell characteristics and complement receptors. The growing lymphatic cells represented leukemic cells, since the pattern of cytochemical staining and that of membrane receptors of lymphoblasts from the same donor prior to cultivation were identical. All leukemic cell lines were derived from patients in relapse. In contrast, no proliferation of leukemic cells occurred in explains from patients revealing the first manifestation of the disease. These results suggest enhanced growth potential of lymphoblasts resisting antileukemic therapy.
755 citations
271 citations
TL;DR: While HPV 1–3 are closely related isolates, HPV 4 represents a new human papilloma virus, profoundly different from the previous ones as far as base composition and antigenicity are concerned.
249 citations
239 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe two nucleophilic compounds, phosphacumulene ylides and phosphaallene ylsides, which can add reactants in a variety of ways, including cycloadditions at the polar C-P ylide bond and at the CC double bond.
Abstract: Phosphacumulene ylides and phosphaallene ylides are nucleophilic compounds which can add reactants in a variety of ways. Cycloadditions can occur both at the polar C—P ylide bond and at the CC double bond.
148 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the role of solvent molecules as ionizing medium, electrophile and nucleophile in the overall solvolysis process is investigated. But the results are implicitly assumed to be independent of the solvent.
Abstract: Publisher Summary Solvolytic reactions frequently are used to derive structure/reactivity relationships and the results are implicitly assumed to be independent of the solvent The solvent acts as a kinetically significant nucleophile in the overall solvolysis process for many simple secondary substrates, and this appears to be the major cause of the variation in relative rates with changes in solvent For solvolytic reactions that proceed via carbocations or ion pairs, it is of interest to compare the solvent effects with those obtained in strongly acidic media such as “magic acid” and in the gas phase Despite minor mechanistic differences, it is clear that solvation of charged intermediates must greatly reduce the energies of solvolytic reactions compared with the corresponding gas phase reaction As solvolytic reactions involve the nucleophilic “push” and electrophilic “pull,” it is possible to derive quantitative empirical measures of the role of solvent molecules as ionizing medium, electrophile and nucleophile By comparing the sensitivity of various reactions to solvent polarity or “ionizing power” and nucleophilicity, it is possible to deduce mechanistic information, which can supplement other evidence for reaction mechanisms The addition of salts can affect both the rate and the course of solvolytic reactions and provides very important evidence for ion-pair intermediates The SN1 and SN2(intermediate) mechanism of solvolytic reactions, mechanisms of solvolysis of secondary substrates, and correlation of solvolysis rates are described in the chapter
123 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors define nucleophile verbindungen as nucleophiles that add reactive Reaktionspartner in verschiedenster Weise addieren konnen.
Abstract: Phosphacumulenylide und Phosphaallenylide sind nucleophile Verbindungen, die ihre Reaktionspartner in verschiedenster Weise addieren konnen. Cycloadditionen sind sowohl an der polaren CP-Ylidbindung als auch an der CC-Doppelbindung moglich.
114 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a model for high-spin/low-spin transitions in solids is discussed including the effect of low symmetry ligand fields and spin-orbit coupling, and the contribution from lattice vibrations is taken into account within the approximation of the Debye model.
110 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a non-destructive neutron activation/Ge(Li) spectrometric method for marine limestones from southern Germany was analyzed by the nondestructive neutrasonic activation/ge (Li) method for La, Ce, Sm, Eu, Tb, Yb, Lu, Sr, Ta, U, Sc, Th, Cr, Hf, Cs, Fe and Rb.
109 citations
104 citations
TL;DR: In rat brain slices preincubated with various radiolabelled putative neurotransmitters, methionine-enkephalin diminished the potassium-evoked release of dopamine and acetylcholine, and the effect was antagonised by naloxone.
Abstract: In rat brain slices preincubated with various radiolabelled putative neurotransmitters, methionine-enkephalin diminished the potassium-evoked release of dopamine and acetylcholine. The effect was antagonised by naloxone. The potassium-induced efflux of three other neurotransmitters, histamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine and γ-aminobutyric acid, were unaffected by methionine-enkephalin. A probable physiological function for the endogenous ligands in specifically affecting the catecholaminergic and cholinergic transmission is suggested.
TL;DR: The importance of ascorbic acid in the metabolism of the putative neurotransmitters has been surveyed and a hitherto unexplored area of the role of vitamin C has been given importance in this article.
TL;DR: The protein composition of the erythrocyte membrane of two patients with CDAI and four patients withCDA II has been investigated by two‐dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and the major aberrations are the lack of protein B1.1, the drastically increased concentration of proteinB1.4 and the presence of a new component, C2′.
Abstract: The protein composition of the erythrocyte membrane of two patients with CDA I and four patients with CDA II has been investigated by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The two-dimensional patterns of erythrocyte membrane proteins of the patients with CDA were compared with the well-established pattern of normal individuals. No alterations could be detected in the patients with CDA I, but a striking deviation from normal was observed in all patients with CDA II. The major aberrations of the erythrocyte membrane proteins in CDA II are the lack of protein B1.1, the drastically increased concentration of protein B1.4 and the presence of a new component, C2'. These results are discussed in relation to the known morphological and immunological abnormalities of the erythrocyte membrane in CDA II.
TL;DR: The results indicate that phytochrome and Ca2+ are involved in the light-induced depolarization of the membrane, consistent with the hypothesis that phYtochrome may act by triggering a Ca2-influx at the plasma membrane.
Abstract: Isolated internodes of Nitella (N. opaca, N. flexilis) and Nitellopsis spec. were punctured with single microelectrodes and their membrane potentials were recorded continuously during various light treatments. In red light the initial response was always a depolarization. This depolarization began with a lag-time of 0.4-3.5s and reached a steady state within 1–2 min of continuous illumination. Repolarization began within several seconds after turning off the light. The magnitude of the red-light-induced depolarization increased with the Ca2+-concentration of the medium. The largest depolarizations were recorded in 5 m mol l-1 Ca2+. Ca2+ could not be replaced in this function by Na+, Mg2+, La3+ or mannitol. Far-red light alone had no effect on the resting membrane potential. Far-red light applied immediately after red light accelerated the repolarization of the membrane potential. Far-red light applied simultaneously with red light reduced the amount of depolarization and increased the rate of repolarization. The results indicate that phytochrome and Ca2+ are involved in the light-induced depolarization of the membrane. They are consistent with the hypothesis that phytochrome may act by triggering a Ca2+-influx at the plasma membrane.
TL;DR: Data support previous interpretations, suggesting the existence of at least two populations of EBV molecules within P3HR‐1 cells, and the possible existence of a “helper” effect, exerted by the faint granular EBNA‐inducing virus in stabilizing the persistence of the former.
Abstract: Infection of EBV-negative human B-lymphoma cells of the lines BJAB and Ramos with EBV from P3HR-1 or B 95-8 cells resulted in gradual conversion of these cells to EBNA synthesis. Whereas B 95-8 virus-infected cells exhibited a uniform brilliant EBNA fluorescence, two distinct fluorescence patterns were observed in P3HR-1 virus-converted BJAB and Ramos cells, a faint granular and a brilliant fluorescence, with predominance of the faint granular pattern. Cloning of P3HR-1 virus-converted BJAB cells resulted in 20 clones, 11 of them showing the heterogenous parental pattern, six revealing exclusively faint granular EBNA staining, and three with brilliantly stained nuclei, containing also a varying percentage of EBNA-negative cells. Further subcloning of one of the latter clones resulted in 26 subclones with brilliant EBNA expression, always segregating a significant percentage of EBNA-negative cells and one entirely EBNA-negative subclone. Reassociation kinetics did not reveal striking differences in the genome content of clones showing exclusively the faint granular or the brilliant type of EBNA expression. The EBNA-negative clone did not contain detectable amounts of EBV-DNA. Upon superinfection of the converted clones by the parental P3HR-1 virus, a significant increase in EA induction was noted when compared to non-converted BJAB and Ramos cells. This accounted in particular for cells with faint granular EBNA expression. These data support previous interpretations (Fresen and zur Hausen, 1976), suggesting the existence of at least two populations of EBV molecules within P3HR-1 cells. The reason for the apparently labile association of P3HR-1 EBV genomes inducing the brilliant EBNA fluorescence in BJAB cells still remains obscure. The possible existence of a “helper” effect, exerted by the faint granular EBNA-inducing virus in stabilizing the persistence of the former, is discussed.
TL;DR: The action of somatostatin on compostition and flow rate of pure pancreatic juice obtained by endoscopic cannulation of the main pancreatic duct was evaluated in 5 healthy volunteers and bicarbonate, sodium, potassium, protein, and cyclic GMP concentrations did not change substantially.
Abstract: The action of somatostatin on compostition and flow rate of pure pancreatic juice obtained by endoscopic cannulation of the main pancreatic duct was evaluated in 5 healthy volunteers. Synthetic secretin (0.06 CU/kg-h) was intravenously infused throughout the 80-min study. Bicarbonate concentrations in pancreatic juice achieved constant levels (117 +/- 3 muEq/ml) after 10 min, whereas a steady state of juice flow (7.3 +/- 1.4 ml/5 min) was attained after 15 min of secretin infusion. In the third 20-min period, cyclic somatostatic (5 mug/kg-h i.v.) was given, leading to a decrease in pancreatic flow rate by 47% after 10 min, and by 67% after 15 min of somatostatin administration. Alrady 5 min after the infusion of somatostatin had been discontinued, pancreatic flow rate gradually recovered; presomatostatin levels, however, were not reached within 20 min. Cyclic AMP varied roughly in accordance with bicarbonate concentrations, whereas the chloride concentrations were reciprocally related. Bicarbonate, sodium, potassium, protein, and cyclic GMP concentrations did not change substantially due to somatostatin.
TL;DR: From group B Streptococci a novel glycophospholipid was isolated, which contained D-glucose, glycerol, acyl groups and phosphorus in a molar ratio of approx.
TL;DR: It is suggested that the gel-like properties of hyaluronic acid and the ion-binding capacity of the sulfated glycosaminoglycans might have a function in the filtering mechanism of the aqueous humor outflow.
TL;DR: The lymphoid cell line #1670 has been derived from the infiltrated spleen of a tumor-bearing marmoset monkey infected with Herpesvirus saimiri, and appeared to represent defective genomes, containing only 75% of the genetic information present in L-DNA of H.saimiri virions.
Abstract: The lymphoid cell line #1670 has been derived from the infiltrated spleen of a tumor-bearing marmoset monkey infected with Herpesvirus saimiri. The cells contain both types of H. saimiri DNA, unique light (L-) DNA (36% cytosine plus guanine) and repetitive heavy (H-) DNA (71% cytosine plus guanine), without producing infectious virus. Viral DNA was found to persist in these cells as nonintegrated circular DNA molecules. Closed circular superhelical viral DNA molecules were isolated by three subsequent centrifugation steps: (i) isopycnic centrifugation in CsCl, (ii) sedimentation through glycerol gradients, and (iii) equilibrium centrifugation in CsCl-ethidium bromide. The isolated circles had a molecular weight of 131.5 +/- 3.6 x 10(6). This is significantly higher than the molecular weight of linear DNA molecules isolated from purified H. saimiri virions (about 100 x 10(6)). Partial denaturation mapping of circular molecules from #1670 lymphoid cells showed uniform arrangement of H- and L-DNA sequences in all circles. All denatured molecules contained two L-DNA regions (molecular weights of 54.0 +/- 1.8 x 10(6) and 31.5 +/- 1.3 x 10(6)) and two H-DNA regions (molecular weight of 25.6 +/- 1.9 x 10(6) and 20.0 +/- 0.8 x 10(6)) of constant length. Maps of both L-regions suggested that the sequences of the shorter L-DNA region were a subset of those of the longer region. The sequences of both L-regions had the same orientation. Circular molecules from H. saimiri-transformed lymphoid cell line #1670 appeared to represent defective genomes, containing only 75% of the genetic information present in L-DNA of H. saimiri virions.
TL;DR: According to weight gain, duration of development, mortality, and food conversion efficiency a dietary protein content of 30% was optimal under a constant temperature-regime; at alternating temperatures protein contents of 15%–50% were satisfactory for optimal development.
Abstract: Newly hatched larvae of Gryllus bimaculatus were kept on five synthetic diets of different protein contents (5%, 15%, 30%, 40%, and 50% of dry weight) and at three temperature ranges until imaginal molting. Each temperature range encompassed a daily alternating temperature and the corresponding constant mean temperature (29/11° C–23° C, 33/15° C–27° C, 37/19dg C–31° C, LD16:8 h). The course of development of the larvae depends on both the temperature and the diet. The penultimate larval instar period served for estimation of development under all rearing conditions. According to weight gain, duration of development, mortality, and food conversion efficiency a dietary protein content of 30% was optimal under a constant temperature-regime; at alternating temperatures protein contents of 15%–50% were satisfactory for optimal development. The energy requirement for a gain of one gram of dry weight is greatest at P-5%-diet and lowest at P-30%-diet. The results are discussed in terms of their ecological and physiological importance for field crickets.
TL;DR: In this paper, the low-temperature Raman spectra of all lanthanide elpasolites of the type Cs2NaLn(III)Cl6 have been measured and the observed electronic Raman bands have been identified on the basis of crystal field theory.
TL;DR: The uniform fatty acid make-up in all polar lipids favours the hypothesis that their diacylglycerol portions are derived from a common phosphatidic acid precursor with negligible postsynthetic rearrangements of the constituent fatty acids.
TL;DR: In this article, the calculated interaction energies of two HF and two H 2 O molecules are presented using both mutually consistent field (MCF) and perturbation theoretical schemes, instead of the monopole approximation, the direct integration of the potentials was used in these calculations.
TL;DR: There is a tendency for fewer anterior-wall infarctions in the patient group with a coronary muscle bridge of the LAD, because, when the whole branch is considered, there is a significantly lower incidence of atherosclerosis in hearts with myocardial overbridging of theLAD.
Abstract: 711 menschliche Herzen wurden makroskopisch und teilweise auch angiographisch und histologisch auf koronare Muskelbrucken des Ramus descendens anterior untersucht. Bei 22,9% aller Herzen fanden sich derartige Brucken. Der durchschnittliche Abstand vom Hauptstamm der linken Kranzarterie betrAgt 33,6 mm, die mittlere LAnge 22,5 mm und die mittlere Dicke 2,8 mm. Zwischen den uberbruckten KoronargefA\en und der Muskulatur liegt zumeist eine feine Fettgewebsverschiebeschicht. Geschlechts- und Altersverteilung sowie durchschnittliche Korpergro\e und mittleres Herzgewicht sind fur die Patientengruppe mit bzw. ohne Muskelbrucke des Ramus descendens anterior gleich.
01 Apr 1977
TL;DR: It is shown that the waterproofing cuticular layer (“wax layer”) is so fluid in vivo that it can act as an adhesion promoting fluid.
Abstract: Es wird gezeigt, das die Adhasionsflussigkeit der Insekten ein mit Wasser nicht mischbares, oliges Sekret ist, das mit fettloslichen Farbstoffen angefarbt werden kann. Farbungsversuche weisen darauf hin, das beiMusca domestica L. die Adhasionsflussigkeit wahrscheinlich in einer Integumenteinfaltung uber der Einlenkung der pratarsalen Haftlappen (Pulvilli) abgeschieden wird. Sie gelangt in ein Rillensystem auf der Oberseite der Haftkppen, in dem sie uber die Peripherie zu den Haftstellen auf der Unterseite der Pulvilli transportiert wird. Dieses Rillensystem wird rasterelektronenmikroskopisch abgebildet. Ahnliche Verhaltnisse finden sich auch bei anderen Insekten mit pratarsalen Haftlappen.